English Summary

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The Desert Summary Analysis and Explanation By Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio

About the author Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio

The Desert Introduction

Deserts are often perceived as the land of sand with the scarcity of water and living organisms. However, deserts are home to many species. They have the utility of their own and provide scenic beauty of its own.

The Desert Part 1 Summary of the Lesson

In contrast to general opinion, deserts can be a beautiful place and is home to a variety of plants and animals. It is a rare sight where desert bloom as rain shower on them. Then there is no difference between a tropical or desert place.

Deserts can have mountains, hills, not necessarily a flat land. An oasis is like a green island that can be in the middle of a desert. It may have a spring or a well with green plants and trees around it. It comforts and provides shelter.

A desert can be a hot region or a cold like Ladakh. Sand dimes are mounds of a heap of sand that shift and move endlessly when strong winds blow. Only a few plants can survive on shifting mounds.

The Desert Part 2 Summary of the Lesson

Living things in desert-adapted themselves to deal with the scarcity of water. Survive as they require less water for survival. Camel, ‘the ship of the desert’ can survive on capacity without water for days.

They can drink a lot of water at one time. They can bear high body temperature and sweat very little. Unlike our bodies, we have to sweat to keep our body temperature constant, thus cool our bodies.

Smaller animals hide themselves underground in burrows and get water with the moisture of meat or by eating other plants or seeds; they got water as per the requirement of their body.

Desert plants like cactus store water in their thick stems. They don’t have deep roots, so they absorb rainwater as they are close to the surface. Dryness and variation of temperature are distinct features of deserts.

The moisture of humid climate acts as a blanket that is missing in the desert. Desert lands heat up rapidly but cool off rapidly at night. Thus deserts are nature’s gift to everyone as are forest and oceans. They should not be detested rather should be regarding nature’s blessing.
Ram Prasad ‘Bismil’ – The Great Martyr Summary

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Bringing up Kari Summary Analysis and Explanation By Dhan Gopal Mukerji

About the author Dhan Gopal Mukerji

Bringing up Kari Introduction

The story is a narrative description of a small elephant. The narrator tells about the growth and habits of the elephant. This makes the reader aware of the routine of an elephant.

Short Summary Of The Lesson Bringing Up Kari

The narrator is a nine-year-old child who was given a duty to look after a five-month-old elephant named Kari. During the first two years, the boy could reach the back of the elephant with ease.

Kari lived in a pavilion with a thatched roof. Kari fed on forty pounds of twigs. It was taken to a river for a bath. The sand was rubbed on its back for an hour then it amassed into the water. Later it came out with pleasure and shining skin.

While coming back, the narrator goes inside the jungle to collect luscious twigs for its dinner. The narrator informed that elephants won’t touch a mutilated twig. It could be easily handled if taken by its ears.

One day in March, when the narrator was gathering food from the banyan tree, he heard Kari’s voice. With an apprehension, the boy ran to where he left it. When he reached there, he realized that Kari might be drowning.

However, it came out as a savior and threw the narrator to save a boy, it extended its trunk to come out of the water with lots of struggle and brisk moments of Kari.

Kari was mischievous but understands with training. Kari developed liking for ripe bananas when it tasted once. Kari stole away the fruits placed in the dining room at various instances. The elders were ignorant of Kari’s attitude and passed the blame on servants and later on the narrator himself.

He got infuriated. On investigation, he found a smashed banana in Kari’s pavilion. The next day, Kari put its trunk inside the window to take out the fruits. Unaware of such intrusion, lie was scared.

He went to Kari’s pavilion following it and there he saw fruits scattered around Kari. He called his parents to reveal the truth and scolded Kari. Kari seemed to have and understood it as it squealed. However, it took revenge if scolded for the wrong reasons.

Kari has learned all signals and sounds. It acted according to the command. It learned a master call in five years. It is a signal to save oneself if one gets lost in the jungle to scare away all the wild animals. Elephant makes an easy way for home even in a wild.
Akbar and Birbal – Reunion Summary

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The Story of Cricket Summary

The Story of Cricket Introduction

Sports and especially cricket is the most favorite hobby of children in general. The lesson gives a brief description of a historical perspective. The emergence of the present-day games is slow and steady progress that kept in pace with the time.

Sport is an integral part of a healthy life, it brings discipline, competitive, spiritual leadership, community feeling, and improves health altogether. The history of its origin is informative and interesting to the readers.

The Story of Cricket Part 1 Summary of the Lesson

Cricket was played in England about 500 years ago. It has evolved with time. It became distinct by the ‘ seventeenth century. By the middle of the 18th century, bats were similar to the hockey sticks. That shape gave batman a chance to contact the ball.

Playing cricket match for five day’s make it different from various games. Be it a football match that takes about an hour and a half or baseball with a limited over the match, cricket match still takes the double-time.

The length of the pitch in cricket ground must be 22 yards irrespective of the shape or size of the ground. However, the special dimension of the playing area is laid in other team sports.

Grounds can be oval as in Adelaide circular like Chepank in Chennai. Melbourne Cricket ground is bigger than Feroz Shah Kotla ground in Delhi.

Laws of cricket were written in 1744 stating that two umpires shall decide all disputes. The stumps must be 22 inches high and the bail to be of six inches. The size of the ball must be between 5 to six ounces.

The world’s first cricket club was formed in Hambledon in the 1760s and in 1787 in the Marylebone cricket club. Bowlers gave variation to bowling after 1770.

The curved bat was replaced with the straight one and the width of the bat was fixed to 4”, the weight of the ball was fixed from 5 to 5 ounces. In 1774, the first leg before the law was published, a third stump was also common. In 1780, the length of a match was fixed to there days and the creation of the first six – seam cricket ball was witnessed.

Cricket’s tools are mostly national and handmade. But it was made of leather, twine, and cork. Now its handle is made of cane and blade is made of willow. Technological changes were witnessed in pads, gloves and later helmets, etc.

The Story of Cricket Part 2 Summary of the Lesson

Indian Cricket was initiated in Bombay by Zoroastrians, the Parsis. They were trading with the British and were thus westernized. They founded the first Oriented Cricket Club in Bombay in 1848.

White cricket elite prejudiced with Parsi cricketer, so they built their own gymkhana to play cricket. They succeeded in defeating the Bombay Gymkhana in 1889.

In the memories of Cricket fans, those who play for the country remains. C.K. Nayudu was an outstanding Indian Batsman of his time whereas others are forgotten. He was the country’s first test captain. Before independence, 1877, test cricket was contested between different parts of the British empire.

The Story of Cricket Part 3 Summary of the Lesson

Cricket viewership is enlarged and further expanded from city to small towns and villages. Satellite TV has enabled its worldwide reach and multinational T.V. companies to put in their efforts. India has the largest viewership for cricket, thus changes in various policies took place.

The game has transformed gradually paid professionals, popularity of one day game, change in commerce are technology are a few remarkable changes that took place as the game evolved with time.
The Second Chance Summary

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Golu Grows a Nose Summary

Golu Grows a Nose Introduction

The story is a fiction that revolves around the growth of the trunk of an elephant from a snout. A fictitious elephant Golu is introduced in the story, whose adventures are shared.

Golu Grows a Nose Summary of the Lesson

The opening lines of the story talk about the snout baby elephant Golu. He had no trunk but a bulgy nose. Golu was inquisitive and wanted to know how other animals are managing their lives.

He asked ostrich if it had ever flown as other birds do. He inquired about the red eyes of the hippo and the spotty skin of a giraffe. Everyone had no answer to his difficult questions.

Once he asked mynah about the food of crocodile and it suggested he to visit the grassy Limpopo River. He went home and informed about his planning to visit the river. He carried food for himself.

He met python on the way and asked about the crocodile. He did not respond but Golu helped him to coil around the branch.

It took him a few days to reach the river. He saw a log of wood which was really a crocodile. He threw the same question and the crocodile admitted him to be one.

He then enquired about his food. Crocodile replied that it would tell him in the ear and by duping him caught hole of his nose to eat him in his dinner. Then appeared python to save him, the crocodile was trying to take him into deep water.

The nose kept on stretching because he was pulled from one side by a crocodile and from the other side by python. Golu sat down by the riverside to cool his stretched nose.

After two days, he used it to hit the fly dead, and then plucked a large bundle of grass. When python talked about his strength of having a long nose. Golu was rebuked and threw mud at him and slapped him. Thus Golu realized the benefit of having a long trunk and felt grateful about it.
Bond of Love Summary

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Chandni Summary

Chandni Introduction

The story depicts the longing for freedom. The lead character hosts his goats because they become the food of other animals while liberating themselves. The story, in particular, is of a darting goat who overcame its fears and fought back the mighty wolf.

Chandni Summary of the Lesson

Abbu Khan, the lead character lived in Almora. He safeguarded his goats and had given names to them. He took goats for grazing and chains them up at night.

He brought them, juiciest grass and gains yet they preferred leaving his hut. He treated the goats as his own child, yet he failed to stop them from running away. Goats in hills loved freedom and Khan had best hill breeds but were killed by an old wolf.

Khan was so caring that he was not ready to accept their ill fate. He was depressed that he could not stop the killing of goats. One day he resolved that he won’t keep goats anymore.

But being lonely and missed having pets, he bought a young and pretty goat. He wanted it to be adapted to live with him. He named her as Chandni because it was as white as snow with little horn and gleaming eyes. He narrated her stories and he listens to them with keen interest.

Abbu Khan was sure that Chandni would never leave her as they had stayed together for years. Just opposite to his opinion, Chandni wanted to free herself. She was mesmerized by the beauty of hills bathing in sunlight.

She hated the rope she was tied to. Once she stopped eating and thus weakened. Abbu Khan was shattered when he heard that Chandni wanted to leave. He foretold her about a dangerous wolf.

Yet she was undeterred and said that she would save herself with a pair of horns. As Abbu Khan wanted her safe but her argument made him angry. He pushed her into a small hut and closed the door. Every effort could not convince her and she ran away.

She felt elated by seeing hills. It seemed to her as they are welcoming her embraced her freedom. She compared the bounties of nature with the prison-house of Abbu Khan’s compound.

She did not even join any herd of wild goats who offered themselves. The dusk was arriving there was darkness around. Then she heard glinting noise. She was scared of the presence of a wolf.

Then came conflict in her mind whether to go back to Abbu Khan or fight her fears. The scary wolf appeared before Chandni. She behaved like a true soldier who did not leave her battle.

Even when she was weak before the might, she decided to fight back with all her strength. The fight went on till dawn. The morning prayer was heard from a nearby mosque.

Both of them were drenched in a pool of blood. Being ferocious it was considered that the wolf won the fight. And a wise old bird declaimed with confidence that Chandni won the duel.
J.C. Bose Summary

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Gopal and the Hilsa Fish Summary

Gopal and the Hilsa Fish Introduction

The lesson is a comic visualization of a story of a king who challenged his witty courtier Gopal to bring Hilsa fish to the court. He successfully completed the challenge in the funniest way possible.

Gopal and the Hilsa Fish Summary of the Lesson

The beginning of the story tells about the season in which Hilsa fish were available. Everyone was talking about it. The fisherman was the happiest as they could earn better with this immense treasure.

The markets were flooded with the Hilsa fish. Everyone was surprised and happy with the availability of the fish.

However, the king was annoyed at the discussion of the fish. He burst out when a courtier boasted about the size of a Hilsa fish he caught. Later, the king realized his mistake for overreacting.

He further added that even Gopal could not resist mentioning about Hilsa fish. However, Gopal informed him that he could bring a huge Hilsa without anyone discussing a word about it.

After a few days, Gopal prepared himself with half-shaven face and smeared with it ash. He wore tattered clothes. Everybody noticed his appearance in rags and gave him names a madman, a mystic, etc.

When he reached the palace; he was stopped by the guards. His stupid behavior attracted the attention of the king who wanted to see the crazy visitor. No one could recognize Gopal.

When his true personality was revealed, he told him that because of his appearance, nobody talked about the fish. They were taken aback and were repelled by his shabby clothes. Thus he won the challenge.
O Light! Summary

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Fire Friend and Foe Summary

Fire: Friend and Foe introduction

The lesson is an informative one. It is difficult to imagine our lives without fire. Fire is one of the most important discoveries in human history. However, it needs to be checked because it can create havoc if it goes out of control.

If the fire breaks out it can be controlled by water, sand, etc various fire fighting instruments also help in putting out fires. If the fire goes out of control, it engulfs hectares of forests, lives, and property.

Fire: Friend and Foe Summary of the Lesson

In earlier times, a fire was a frightening thing. Early man must have experienced lightning only before knowing its origin. Fire is a result of a chemical reaction.

Where oxygen combines with carbon and hydrogen in a fuel. During this process, energy is released in the form of heat and light. Fuel, oxygen and all are the three things required to make fire.

The flashpoint or kindling temperature of the fuel varies with every fuel. Fire is a good servant as it cooks the food and gives warmth in winters. It is also a bad master because it damages and turns everything into ash if not used wisely.

Fire can be put out by taking away the fuel, by preventing oxygen supply to the fire and by removing the heat. Fire can put off if there is no fuel to burn. Usage of damp blanket or sack, carbon dioxide does not allow oxygen to reach the burning material.

If the temperature can be brought down below the flashpoint, the fuel stops burning.

Fire can be put out carbon dioxide extinguisher not by water like on out fire and on electrical appliances. The water can flow quickly, carrying the burning oil thus spreading the fire. One may receive an electric shock if the water is spread on an electronic fire.

In older times, people formed a human chain to get water from ponds. But nowadays, millions of rupees are spent on technological advancements to control fire. Fire brigades are formed to take the challenge.

They save lives with their skills and technology. Every new building has to follow and observe fire prevention norms. Fire is a friend who can turn into a foe if it is left unattended. So careful use of fire is sought after.
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