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Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Lifelines of National Economy
Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 7 Very Short Answers Type
Question 1.
What is a new arrival on the transportation map of India?
Answer:
Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India.
Question 2.
Which National Highway connects Delhi and Mumbai?
Answer:
National Highway-8 connects Delhi and Mumbai.
Question 3.
Which National Highway covers most of Rajasthan?
Answer:
National Highway-15 covers most of Rajasthan.
Question 4.
What do you know about National Highway-7?
Answer:
National Highway-7 is the longest and traverses 2,369 km between Varanasi and Kanyakumari via. Jabalpur, Nagpur, Hyderabad, Bengaluru and Madurai.
Question 5.
What are State Highways?
Answer:
Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as State Highways.
Question 6.
Which authority is responsible for the construction and maintenance of State Highways?
Answer:
State Highways are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (PWD) in States and Union Territories.
Question 7.
What is the major objective of the Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways?
Answer:
The major objective of these Super Highways is to reduce the time and distance between the big cities of India.
Question 8.
What is National Highway No. 2 called?
Answer:
National Highway No. 2 is called Shershah Suri Marg and runs between Delhi and Kolkata.
Question 9.
Mention one difference between metalled and unmetalled roads.
Answer:
Metalled roads are usually made of cement, concrete or even bitumen of coal, therefore, these are all weather roads. Unmetalled roads get out of use in the rainy season.
Question 10.
Mention one feature of the Indian railways.
Answer:
The Indian railways is the largest public sector undertaking in the country.
Question 11.
How were pipelines used in the past?
Answer:
In the past, pipelines were used to transport water to cities and industries.
Question 12.
How many major ports are there in India?
Answer:
In India, there are 12 major ports.
Question 13.
Which type of port is Kandla?
Answer:
Kandla in Kuchchh is a tidal port.
Question 14.
Mention one feature of Mumbai port.
Answer:
Mumbai is the biggest port with a spacious, natural and well-sheltered harbour.
Question 15.
What do you know about Haldia port?
Answer:
Haldia port was developed as a subsidiary port, in order to relieve growing pressure on the Kolkata port.
Question 16.
Which authority maintains and lays National Highways?
Answer:
The Central Public Works Department (CPWD) maintains and lays National Highways.
Question 17.
What are District roads?
Answer:
District roads connect the district headquarters with other places of the district.
Question 18.
In which state is Paradip port located? What is it specialised in?
Answer:
Paradip port is located in Odisha and is specialised in the export of iron ore.
Question 19.
Which port is the premier iron ore exporting port of India?
Answer:
Marmagao port, located in Goa is the premier iron ore exporting port of India.
Question 20.
Write about first-class mail and second-class mail.
Answer:
Cards and envelopes are considered first-class mail and are airlifted between stations covering both land and air.
The second-class mail includes book packets, registered newspapers and periodicals. They are carried by surface mail, covering land and water transport.
Question 21.
Which authority certifies Indian and foreign films?
Answer:
The Central Board of Film Certification is the authority to certify both Indian and foreign films.
Question 22.
What are the components of trade?
Answer:
Export and import are the components of trade.
Question 23.
What is meant by the balance of trade of a country?
Answer:
The balance of trade of a country is the difference between its export and import.
Question 24.
When is it called a favourable balance of trade?
Answer:
When the value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called a favourable balance of trade.
Question 25.
When is it called an unfavourable balance of trade?
Answer:
When the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, it is called unfavourable balance of trade.
Question 26.
How many people are directly engaged in the tourism industry in India?
Answer:
More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the Indian tourism industry.
Question 27.
How many Indian languages and dialects are newspapers published in?
Answer:
Newspapers are published in about 100 languages and dialects in India.
Question 28.
Give examples of mass communication.
Answer:
Radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books and films.
Question 29.
Which organisation constructs and maintains roads in the bordering areas of the country?
Answer:
Border Roads Organisation, a Government of India undertaking, constructs and maintains roads in the bordering areas of the country.
Question 30.
Name the river related to National Waterway No 2.
Answer:
Brahmaputra
Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 7 Short Answers Type
Question 1.
What is pipeline transportation? Write two merits and demerits of the same.
Answer:
Pipeline transport network is the new mode of transport now-a-days. In the past, pipelines were used to transport water to cities and industries. Now, these are used for transporting crude oil petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants. Solids can also be transported through a pipeline when converted into slurry.
Merits-
- Useful in transporting liquids and solid slurry from far away locations.
- Subsequent running costs after laying down the network are minimal.
- It rules out trans-shipment losses or delays.
Demerits-
- Initial cost of laying pipelines is high.
- Pipelines can burst or can have leakage leading to wastage of valuable resources like water, mineral oil, etc.
Question 2.
Why do you think the northern plains of India provide favourable conditions whereas the Himalayan mountains provide unfavourable conditions for the growth of railways? Give three reasons for both.
Answer:
Favourable conditions for the growth of railways in the northern plains are:
- Vast level land
- High population density
- Rich agricultural resources
Unfavourable conditions for the growth of railways in the Himalayan mountains are:
- High relief
- Sparse population
- Lack of economic opportunities
Question 3.
Explain the importance of railways as the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India.
Answer:
(i) The Indian railways is the largest public sector undertaking in the country. As such it is more important in our national economy than all other means of transport put together.
(ii) Railways make it possible to conduct a variety of activities like business, sight seeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances.
(iii) It is suitable for bulky goods and is economical when we go on a long journey.
Question 4.
“Efficient means of transport are pre-requisite for the fast development.” Express your views is favour of this statement.
OR
Why is dense and efficient network of transport and communication a prerequisite for the development of local, national and global trade of today? Give your opinion.
OR
How do means of transport and communication play an important role in the economic development of the country? Explain.
OR
Why are efficient means of transport a pre-requisite for the fast development of the country? Explain.
Answer:
The means of transportation and communication are complementary to each other and are considered the lifelines of a nation and its economy due to the following reasons—
- The means of transportation and communication help in the production and movement of goods and services.
- Transport helps in the development of communication, various means of communication help us in interacting with each other in all the parts of the world. It has brought the world closer.
- Transport like railways help us in conducting multifarious activities like business, sight seeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances.
- Pipelines are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, factories and thermal power plants.
- Waterways are the cheapest means of transport and are the most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
- Airways make journey possible in difficult terrains, dreary deserts, dense forest and long oceanic stretches with great ease.
Question 5.
Mention three features of waterways.
Answer:
- Waterways are the cheapest means of transport.
- They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
- It is a fuel-efficient and environment-friendly mode of transport.
Question 6.
Give six reasons for which foreign tourists visit India.
Answer:
Foreign tourists visit India for-
- Heritage tourism
- Eco-tourism
- Adventure tourism
- Cultural tourism
- Medical tourism
- Business tourism
Question 7.
Explain any three reasons for dense railway network in the north Indian plains.
Answer:
Rail transport is the most convenient means of transportation in the northern plains of india. These plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provide the most favourable condition for the growth of railways.
Question 8.
Mention any four merits and two demerits of air transport.
Answer:
Four merits of air transport
- It is the fastest mode of transport.
- It is the most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport.
- It can cover difficult terrains, dreary deserts, dense forests and long oceanic stretches with great ease.
- It acts efficiently during natural calamities.
Two demerits of air transport
- Since it is very expensive,so it is not within the reach of the common people.
- It may prove dangerous during bad weather.
Question 9.
Write the characteristics of Kandla seaport.
Answer:
- Kandla in Kuchchh was the first port developed soon after Independence to ease the volume of trade on the Mumbai port as the Karanchi port got shifted to Pakistan after the partition.
- This port caters to the convenient handling of exports and imports of highly productive granary and industrial belt stretching across the states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat.
- Kandla is a tidal port.
Question 10.
Rail transport suffers from certain problems. What are these problems? Mention them.
Answer:
- Many passengers travel without tickets.
- Thefts and damaging of railway property has not stopped yet completely.
- People stop the trains, pull them unnecessarily and this causes heavy damage to the railways.
Question 11.
Road transportation in India faces a number of problems. Mention them.
Answer:
- Keeping in view the volume of traffic and passengers, the road network is not adequate.
- About half of the roads are unmetalled and this limits their usage during the rainy season.
- The National Highways are inadequate too.
- The roadways are highly congested in cities and most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
Question 12.
Give a brief assessment of the Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways.
Answer:
(i) The government has launched a major road development project linking Delhi – Kolkata – Chennai – Mumbai and Delhi by six-lane Super Highways.
(ii) The North-South Corridors linking Srinagar and Kanyakumari, and East-West corridor connecting Silcher and Porbandar are part of this project.
(iii) The main objective of these Super Highways is to reduce the time and distance between the big cities of India.
(iv) These highway projects are being implemented by the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).
Question 13.
Name the seaports located on the western coast of India. Describe each of them in brief.
Answer:
Seaports located on the west coast-
- Kandla
- Mumbai
- Jawaharlal Nehru
- Marmagao
- New Mangalore
- Kochchi
Kandla in Kuchchh is a tidal port. It caters to the convenient handling of exports and imports of highly productive granary and industrial belt stretching across Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat. Mumbai is the biggest port.
The Jawaharlal Nehru port was developed with a view to decongest this port. Marmagao port (Goa) is the premier iron ore exporting port of the country. New Mangalore port (Karnataka) caters to the export of iron ore concentrates from Kudremukh mines. Kochchi is located at the entrance of a lagoon with a natural harbour.
Question 14.
Give a brief assessment of the commodities imported to India.
Answer:
The commodities imported to India include petroleum and petroleum products (28.6%), pearls and precious stones (9.4%), chemicals (5.2%) coal, coke and briquettes (2.7%), machinery (6.4%) in 2010-11.
Bulk imports as a group registered a growth accounting for 28.2% of total imports. This group includes fertilisers (3.4%), cereals (14.3%), edible oils (17.4%) and newsprint (paper board manufacture and newsprint 40.3%)
in 2010-11.
Question 15.
Mention any three features of Border roads.
Answer:
(i) Border roads found in the bordering areas of the country are constructed and maintained by Border Roads Organisation, which is a Government of India undertaking.
(ii) This organisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north-eastern border areas.
(iii) These roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these areas.
Question 16.
Mention the six channels introduced recently to facilitate quick delivery of mails.
Answer:
To facilitate quick delivery of mails in large towns and cities, six mail channels have been introduced recently.
They are-
- Rajdhani Channel
- Metro Channel
- Green Channel
- Business Channel
- Bulk Mail Channel
- Periodical Channel
Question 17.
Write about All India Radio and Doordarshan.
Answer:
Both are means of mass communication. All India Radio or Akashwani is the national public radio broadcaster of India. It was established in 1930. It broadcasts a variety of programmes on national, regional and local languages for various categories of people, spread over different parts of the country. Doordarshan, the national television channel of India is one of the largest terrestrial networks in the world. It broadcasts a variety of programmes from entertainment, educational to sports, etc., for people of different age groups.
Question 18.
Differentiate between favourable balance of trade and unfavourable balance of trade.
Answer:
Export and import are the components of trade. The balance of trade of a country is the difference between its export and import. When the value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called favourable balance of trade. On the contrary, if the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, it is termed as unfavourable balance of trade.
Question 19.
India has one of the largest telecom networks in Asia. Mention some of its features.
Answer:
(i) Telecom networks can be seen in both urban and rural areas of India. More than two-thirds of the villages in the country have already been covered with Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) telephone facility.
(ii) In order to strengthen the flow of information from the grassroot to the higher level, the government has made special provision to extend twenty-four hours STD facility to every village in the country.
(iii) There is a uniform rate of STD facilities all over India.
Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 7 Long Answers Type
Question 1.
Compare and contrast the merits and demerits of roadways, with those of railways.
Answer:
(i) Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines and construction time is also comparatively less.
(ii) Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography which is a limitation in case of railways.
(iii) Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains like the Himalayas, whereas the mountainous regions are unfavourable for the construction of railway lines due to high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities. Likewise, it is difficult to lay railway lines on the sandy plains in the deserts, swampy or forested tracks.
(iv) Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances whereas railways are suitable for transportation of large number of people and goods in bulk, especially over long distances.
(v) Roadways provide door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower but railways have not reached everywhere, still there are places which are yet to be connected with the railways.
(vi) Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports. On the other hand, railways work as a lifeline for the economic growth of a country as they carry raw materials and produced goods from one part of the nation to another on a large scale.
Question 2.
What is the meaning of road density? Describe any four major problems faced by road transport in India.
Answer:
The length of road per 100 sq. km of area is called road density.
- Keeping in view the volume of traffic and passengers, the road network is not adequate.
- About half of the roads are unmetalled and this limits their usage during the rainy season.
- The National Highways are inadequate too.
- The roadways are highly congested in cities and most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
Question 3.
“Road transport and rail transport in India are not competitive but complementary to each other.” Justify the statement.
Answer:
(i) India has one of the largest road networks in the world aggregating to about 2.3 million km at present.
(ii) In India, roadways have preceded railways. They still have an edge over railways in view of the ease with which they can be built and maintained.
(iii) The growing importance of road transport with regard to rail transport may be attributed to many reasons. Firstly, construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
(iv) Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines and construction time is also comparatively less.
(v) Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography which is a limitation in case of railways.
(vi) Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains like the Himalayas, whereas the mountainous regions are unfavourable for the construction of railway lines due to high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities. Likewise, it is difficult to lay railway lines on the sandy plains in the deserts, swampy or forested tracks.
(vi) Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances whereas railways are suitable for transportation of large number of people and goods in bulk, especially over long distances.
(vii) Roadways provide door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower but railways have not reached everywhere, still there are places which are yet to be connected with the railways.
(viii) Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports. On the other hand, railways work as a lifeline for the economic growth of a country as they carry raw materials and produced goods from one part of the nation to another on a large scale.
Question 4.
“Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its prosperity.” Support the statement with suitable examples.
Answer:
(i) Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its prosperity. It is, therefore, considered the economic barometer for a country.
(ii) International trade leads to earning of foreign exchange which is essential for a country’s economic growth and its prosperity.
(iii) International trade promotes better relations among countries which is essential for mutual cooperation.
(iv) It is beneficial for traders and exporters. By trading with more and more countries these traders and exporters contribute a lot to their own country.
(v) As the resources are space bound, no country can survive without international trade. The more a country is involved in international trade, the more it becomes competent and strong.
Question 5.
“Indian railways binds the economic life of the country as well as accelerates the development of industry and agriculture”. Justify the statement.
Answer:
(i) Railways are the chief mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India.
(ii) Railways also make it possible to conduct various activities like business, sight seeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances.
(iii) Apart from an important means of transport the Indian Railways have been a great integrating force for more than 150 years.
(iv) The Indian Railways is the largest public sector undertaking in the country. They have a network of 7,133 stations spread over a route length of 64,460 km with a fleet of 9,213 locomotives, 53,220 passenger service vehicles, 6,493 other coach vehicles and 2,29,381 wagons as on March 2011.
(v) The development of the Konkan railway along the west coast has facilitated the movement of passenger and goods in this most important economic region of India.
(vi) Today the railways have become more important in our national economy than all other means of transport put together. Hence, it is rightly said that Indian Railways bind the economic life of the country as well as accelerate the development of industry and agriculture.
Question 6.
Describe any five major problems faced by road transport in India.
Answer:
- Keeping in view the volume of traffic and passengers, the road network is not adequate.
- About half of the roads are unmetalled and this limits their usage during the rainy season.
- The National Highways are inadequate too.
- The roadways are highly congested in cities and most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
Question 7.
Explain the improvements made by the Indian Railways in its functioning.
Answer:
(i) The Indian Railways is the largest public sector undertaking in the country. They have a network of 7,133 stations spread over a route length of 64,460 km with a fleet of 9,213 locomotives, 53,220 passenger service vehicles, 6,493 other coach vehicles and 2,29,381 wagons as on March 2011.
(ii) The Indian Railways network runs on multiple gauge operations extending over 64,460 km (provisional) (excluding Metro Kolkata).
(iii) The Indian Railways is now reorganised into 16 zones to facilitate efficient services to the people of the country.
(iv) The development of the Konkan railway along the west coast has facilitated the movement of passengers and goods in this most important economic region of India.
(v) The development of metro rail in big cities helps in easing the traffic. Lakhs of people commute every day so comfortably.
Question 8.
Explain the importance of air transport in India giving five points.
Answer:
- The air travel is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport.
- It can cover very difficult terrains, dreary deserts, dense forests and also long oceanic stretches with great ease.
- The north-eastern part of the country is marked with the presence of big rivers, dissected relief, dense forest and frequent floods and international borders. Air travel has made access easier in this region.
- At the time of natural calamities like earthquake, floods, cyclones, relief operations etc., are carried out quickly with the help of air transport.
- Air transport is regarded as the best mode of transport for carrying perishable goods.
Question 9.
What is the importance of road transportation in India? How are National Highways different from the State Highways? Explain four points of distinction.
Answer:
Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distance. It provides door-to-door services, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower. Road transport is also used as feeder to other modes of transport.
Differences between National Highways and State Highways:
| National Highways |
State Highways |
| (i) They connect extreme parts of the country. |
(i) They connect a state capital with different district headquarters. |
| (ii) These are the primary road systems and are laid and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD). |
(ii) These roads are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (PWD) in states and Union Territories. |
| (iii) These roads are of national importance. |
(iii) These roads are important on state level. |
Question 10.
Give a brief description of the ports located along the east coast of India.
Answer:
There are six ports located on the eastern coast of India.
(i) Tuticorin, lying on the extreme south-eastern coast in Tamil Nadu has a natural harbour and rich hinterland. Thus, it has a flourishing trade handling of a large variety of cargoes to even our neighboring countries like Sri Lanka, Maldives, etc., and the coastal regions of India.
(ii) Chennai is one of the oldest artificial ports of the country. It is ranked next to Mumbai in terms of the volume of trade and cargo.
(iii) Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh is the deepest landlocked and well protected port.
(iv) Paradip port in Odisha, specialises in the export of iron ore.
(v) Kolkata located in West Bengal is an inland riverine port. This port serves a very large and rich hinterland of Ganga-Brahmaputra basin. It is a tidal port and so it requires constant dredging of Hoogly.
(vi) Haldia port located in West Bengal was developed as a subsidiary port, in order to relieve growing pressure on the Kolkata port.
Question 11.
Mention the advantages of airways.
Answer:
- The air travel is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport.
- It can cover very difficult terrains, dreary deserts, dense forests and also long oceanic stretches with great ease.
- The north-eastern part of the country is marked with the presence of big rivers, dissected relief, dense forest and frequent floods and international borders. Air travel has made access easier in this region.
- At the time of natural calamities like earthquake, floods, cyclones, relief operations etc., are carried out quickly with the help of air transport.
- Air transport is regarded as the best mode of transport for carrying perishable goods.
Question 12.
Explain the reasons for dense railway network in the north Indian plains.
Answer:
- The northern plains of India have vast level land. Therefore, it is easy and cheap to construct railway tracks.
- The density of population in northern plains is very high which serves as a boon to the growth of railways.
- Being rich in agricultural resources, the northern plains provide favourable conditions for the development of railways.
- The presence of many big and important cities in these plains has also led to the growth of railways.
- India’s national capital New Delhi lies in the northern plains. Being the capital city it attracts people from all parts of the country and abroad. This has provided a big boost to the growth of railways.
Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 7 Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions
Question 1.
Analyse the physiographic and economic factors that have influenced the distribution pattern of the railway network in our country.
Answer:
The distribution pattern of the railway network in the country has been largely influenced by physiographic and economic factors-
(i) The northern plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provided the most favourable condition for their growth. However, rivers create problems in laying down of railway tracts. They require construction bridges across their wide beds.
(ii) In the hilly terrains of the peninsular region, railway tracts are laid through low hills, gaps or tunnels.
(iii) The Himalayan mountainous regions too are unfavourable for the construction of railway lines due to high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities.
(iv) It was difficult to lay railway lines on the sandy plain of western Rajasthan, swamps of Gujarat, forested tracts of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand.
(v) The contiguous stretch of Sahyadri could be crossed only through gaps or passes. In recent years, the development of the Konkan railways along the west coast has facilitated the movement of passengers and goods in this most important economic region of India.
Question 2.
Mention the three important networks of pipeline transportation in India.
Answer:
(i) From oil field in upper Assam to Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), via Guwahati, Barauni and Allahabad. It has branches from Barauni to Haldia, via Rajbandh Maurigram and Guwahati to Siliguri.
(ii) From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab, via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat. It has branches to connect Koyali (near Vadodara, Gujarat) Chakshu and other places.
(iii) Gas pipeline from Hazira in Guj arat connects Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh, via Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh. It has branches to Kota in Rajasthan, Shahajahanpur, Babrala and other places in Uttar Pradesh.
Question 3.
Give a brief description of the National waterways of India.
Answer:
The following waterways have been declared as the National waterways by the Government-
(i) The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia-(1620 km) N. W. No. 1.
(ii) The Brahmaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri (891 km)- N. W. No. 2.
(iii) The West-coast canal in Kerala (Kottapurma-kollam, Udyogamandal and
Champakkara canals-205 km)-N. W. No. 3.
(iv) Specified stretches of Godavari and Krishna rivers along with Kakinada Puducherry stretch of canals (1078 km) – N.W. No. 4.
(v) Specified stretch of river Brahmani along with Matai river, delta channels of Mahanadi and Brahmani rivers and East coast canal (588 km)-N. W. No. 5.
Question 4.
What is trade? Why is tourism considered as a trade and industry?
Answer:
The exchange of goods among people, states and countries is referred to as trade. Tourism is considered as a trade because of the following reasons-
- It involves exchange and buying/selling of different products which include hotel rents, means of transport, etc.
- Foreign tourists visit India and Indian tourists visit foreign destinations. These activities promote exchange and buying/selling of things by using money.
Tourism can also be considered as an industry because of the following reasons-
(i) Tourism industry encompasses many different areas, so it also creates job’s in different areas.
(ii) With tourism comes hotels, restaurants, car rental agencies, tour companies, service stations, souvenir shops, sports equipment rentals, and much more. All this creates many different levels of employment for people in a given community.
(iii) In addition to bringing prosperity to an economy, tourism also allows an economy to develop a new form of income. It allows a community to diversify their sources of income and rely on less an a single industry (tourism).
Question 5.
How is Doordarshan one of the largest terrestrial networks in the world? Explain.”
or
Explain the importance of radio and television as an effective means of mass communication in India.
Answer:
(i) Doordarshan is the national television channel of India. It is one of the largest terrestrial networks in the world. It broadcasts a variety of programmes from entertainment, educational to sports, etc., for people of different age groups.
(ii) The service was started in New Delhi on 15 September 1959 to transmit educational and development programmes on an experimental basis with half-an-hour programming.
(iii) Doordarshan has a three-tier programme service-national, regional and local. The programmes in the national and regional services are available in satellite mode to the viewers all over the country. Thus, it is the most effective audio-visual medium for mass communication.
Question 6.
Distinguish between personal communication and mass communication.
Answer:
| Personal Communication |
Mass Communication |
| (i) These are means of communication through which only personal messages are exchanged. |
(i) These are means of communication through which we can communicate with several people at the same time. |
| (ii) Personal communication may include private letters, memos, some electronic communications (like e-mails), personal interviews and telephonic conversations. |
(ii) Mass communication includes broadcast television, radio, social media and print. |
| (iii) Exchange of information takes place between two people. |
(iii) Mass communication is the study of how people and entities relay information through mass media to a large segment of the population at the same line. |
| (iv) Personal communication is not so expensive. |
(iv) Mass Communication is an expensive process. |
Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Geography
Chapter 7 Value-based Questions (VBQs)
Question 1.
Doordarshan is an effective audio-visual means of mass communication. What values are associated with it?
Answer:
(i) Doordarshan has contributed significantly towards the acceleration of socio-economic change,promotion of national integration and stimulation of scientific temper in the country.
(ii) Being a public service broadcaster, its mandate is to carry through its programmes messages on population control and family welfare, preservation of environment and ecological balance, highlighting the need for social welfare measures for women, children and the underprivileged.
(iii) It is also mandated to promote games and sports and the artistic and cultural heritage of the country.
Question 2.
What is the importance of tourism?
OR
Mention at least three values associated with tourism.
Answer:
- Tourism promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits.
- It helps in the development of international understanding among people of different countries.
- In many places the introduction and development of tourism allows local people an opportunity for economic and educational growth that would not otherwise be available.
- It allows both the tourists and the local community a chance to experience other cultures, which broadens understanding.
- Tourism can be used on a national and local level to better education, improve infrastructure, to fund conservation efforts, and to promote more responsible tourism.
Question 3.
What is the significance of tourism as a trade in India?
Answer:
(i) Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. Foreign tourists arrivals in the country witnessed an increase of 11.8 per cent during the year 2010 as against the year 2009, contributing ₹ 64.889 crore of foreign exchange in 2010.
(ii) 5.78 million foreign tourists visited in India in 2010. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry.
(iii) Tourism also promotes national integration and provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits.
(iv) It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage.
(v) Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, eco tourism, adventure tourism cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism.
Lifelines of National Economy Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Geography Chapter 7 Map Skills
Question 1.
On the given outline political map of India, locate and label the following:
- Sea ports: Jawaharlal Nehru, Marmagao, New Mangalore, Vishakhapatnam, Paradip and Haldia.
- Airports: Indira Gandhi International, Hyderabad, Chennai, Thiruvananthapuram and Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose.
Answer:
On the given political map of India, show all the major ports and international
