English Grammar

A biographical sketch means an account of the life and activities of an individual or family. It would include information about the person’s name, place of residence, education, occupation, life and activities and other important details. A biographical sketch is always written by someone else other than the person on whom it is written.

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

We also providing Extra Questions for Class 10 English Chapter wise.

Bio-sketch for Class 10 CBSE Format, Exercises, Examples PDF

A bio-sketch presents the facts about the person’s life including what the person did and how they influenced their world. It should describe the person’s personality and provide an explanation regarding why he or she acted in certain ways. Most bio-sketches are interpretive; they not only present the facts but also tell what those facts mean.

Sample Bio-Sketch

St. George’s School, Madurai is celebrating its Annual Sports Day. Former Indian Table Tennis champion, Indu Puri is the Chief Guest on the occasion. As Priyanka/Pratyuksh, the Sports Captain of the school, introduce the Chief Guest by giving a brief bio-sketch in 100 words. You may use the information given below.

Indu Puri born 11 September 1953, Kolkata, West Bengal former Indian international female Table Tennis sportsperson – 1970s and 1980s won National women’s singles title a record eight times; highest rankings: international 63 (1985), Asian 8, and Commonwealth 2 first Indian to beat a world champion, beating Pak Yung-Sun of North Korea in the 1978 Asian Table Tennis Championships at Kuala Lumpur Awards and Achievements Chairperson of Committee selection of Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna 2008 and Dhyanchand Award 2009 awardees ‘observer’ at various sporting events across the nation Arjuna Award for the year 1979-1980

Diagnostic Test – 12

Look at the notes given below and use the information to complete the paragraph about Shakuntala Devi by writing suitable words or phrases in each space. Do not exceed 100 words.

Shakuntala Devi hailed as human-computer – extraordinary talents to solve mathematical problems – place in Guinness Book of World Records – now use talents – field of astrology – develop love for numbers – three years old – expert-complex mental arithmetic – 5 years old – no formal education – father – take different places exhibit prowess – reputation spread – today acclaim – an accomplished mathematician – 18 June 1980 – the product of two thirteen-digit numbers in twenty-eight seconds – amaze US scientists – the immediate answer to complex arithmetical problems by the conventional approach.

Question:
Shakuntala Devi was hailed as a ‘human computer’ because (a) …………………………………
She also found a place in ‘Guinness Book of World Records’. Now she (b) …………………………………
She developed a love for numbers at the age of three and (c) …………………………………
She did not undergo any formal education. Her (d) …………………………………
Soon her reputation spread far and wide. She astounded everyone on June 18, 1980 when she (e) ……………………………….. . She amazed the U.S. scientists by giving immediate answers to complex arithmetical problems by conventional approach. She was an accomplished mathematician.
Answer:
(a) of her extraordinary talent in solving mathematical problems.
(b) uses her talent in the field of astrology.
(c) became an expert in complex mental arithmetic problems by the age of five.
(d) father took her to different places to exhibit her prowess
(e) calculated the product of two thirteen-digit numbers in just twenty-eight seconds.

1. With the help of the given clues, complete the bio-sketch of Max Mueller in not more than 100 words.

Max Mueller – born in Germany 6 December 1823 – learnt Classical languages – Greek, Latin, Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit – became British citizen – admired Indian culture and literature – translated many Sanskrit texts

Max Mueller was (a) ………………………………… born in He displayed (b) ………………………………… and learnt Greek and Latin, as well as Arabic, Persian and Sanskrit. (c) ………………………………… He was a great (d) ………………………………… literature and was responsible for the (e) ………………………………… texts.

2. With the help of the given clues, complete the bio-sketch of Alexander Fleming in not more than 100 words.

Sir Alexander Fleming Birth: Lochfield in Ayrshire, Scotland; 6 August 1881 Study: Medicine – St. Mary’s Medical School, London University; M.B.B.S. (London), with Gold Medal in 1908 Research: antiseptics and antibacterial substances non-toxic to animal tissues Discovered: penicillin – mold culture Awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945

3. With the help of the given clues, complete the bio-sketch of Helen Keller in not more than 100 words.

Helen Keller Born: 1880; healthy child till age of 19 months Sickness: suffered high fever; became deaf and blind Communicate: began to feel people’s hands to find out what they were doing; recognize people by feeling their faces or their clothes, made up signs with her hands so she could talk to her family Success: determination, strong will Role model

4. With the help of the given clues, complete the bio-sketch of Sachin Tendulkar in not more than 100 words.

Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar Birth: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 1973; called the Little Master or the Master Blaster Achievements: one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket; highest run-scorer in both Test matches and ODIs; Wisden ranked him the second greatest Test batsman of all time next only to Sir Donald Bradman and second greatest one-day international (ODI) batsman of all time next only to Sir Viv Richards. Honors: Padma Vibhushan award, India’s second-highest civilian award, and the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award, India’s highest sporting honor; given rank of Group Captain in the IAF

5. With the help of the given clues, complete the bio-sketch of A.R. Rabman in not more than 100 words.

Born: as Dileep Kumar – 6 January 1966, Chennai, Tamil Nadu; changed name to A.R. Rahman Fame: music director and singer Family: lost father at an early age; mother’s influence great Trained under: Master Dhanraj, Ilaiyaraja Education: graduate in Western classical music from Trinity College of Music Began Music career: 1992 – set up a recording studio; film career began Awards: fourteen Filmfare Awards, four National Film Awards, two Grammy Awards, two Academy Awards, Padma Bhushan in 2010, contribution to music immense; a national icon

6. With the help of the given clues, complete the bio-sketch of Harivanshrai Bachchan in not more than 100 words.

Harivanshrai Bachchan Birth: Harivanshrai Srivastava, 27 November 1907; ‘Bachchan’ penname Achievements: distinguished Hindi poet, best known – early work Madhushala; father of Bollywood film superstar, Amitabh Bachchan Work: taught briefly at Allahabad University; producer for All India Radio, Allahabad; joined the Ministry of External Affairs of the Government of India Awards: Bachchan was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of the Indian Parliament in 1966, and received the Sahitya Akademi award three years later. In 1976, he was honored with the Padma Bhushan. In 2003, an Indian postage stamp was released in his memory.

For sentences in the active voice, the subject performs the action; for those in the passive voice, the subject receives the action. Most grammarians recommend using the active voice whenever possible. Here are some examples to help you distinguish between the voices:

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

We also providing Extra Questions for Class 11 English Chapter wise.

Active And Passive Voice Exercises for Class 11 With Answers CBSE Pdf

Below you can see a set of instructions for making chapattis. Complete the following paragraph which describes how chapattis are made. The first one has been done as an example.

Add salt to half a pound of coarse flour.
Rub an ounce of ghee into the mixture.
Form soft dough using cold water.
Cover mixture and leave to stand for one hour.
knead dough and divide into balls.

Roll each ball to make a flat cake.
Wipe griddle with a greased cloth.
Heat griddle on slow fire.
Place chapatti on the griddle.
Turn occasionally until slightly brown.

Salt is added to half a pound of coarse flour and an ounce of ghee is rubbed into the mixture, (a) …………….. using cold water. The mixture is covered and (b) …………….. for an hour. The dough is kneaded and divided into balls. Then (c) ……………… to make a flat cake. A griddle (d) …………… and then heated on a slow fire. (e) ……………… and turned occasionally until it is slightly brown.

Answer:
(a) A soft dough is formed
(b) left
(c) each ball is rolled
(d) is wiped with a greased cloth
(e) The chapatti is placed on the griddle

Voice refers to the form of a verb that indicates whether the doer of the action in a sentence is the subject or the object.

Change of voice involves three major changes:

1. It changes the functions of the subject and the object.
2. It changes the position of the subject and the object.
3. It changes the form of the verb.

Remember:

• The meaning of the sentence remains unchanged.
• The tense of the verb remains unchanged.
• The passive voice is used when the agent or doer is unknown or obvious.
• The passive voice is used in journalistic, scientific, or legal writing.

Active Voice	Example
The active voice is more direct than the passive. Sentences in the active voice are generally clearer and more direct than those in the passive voice.	The boy flies a kite. The subject (the boy) + an active verb (flies) + an object (a kite).
Passive Voice	Example
The passive voice calls attention to the receiver of the action rather than the performer.	The kite was flown by the boy. The subject (the kite) + passive verb (was flown) + by + the object (the boy).
The passive voice points out the receiver of the action when the performer is unknown or unimportant.	The signs will be posted.
It avoids calling attention to the performer of the action (known as the ‘institutional passive’).	The fines will be collected on Monday.

Changing Active Voice To Passive Voice

Active Voice	Passive Voice
He flies a kite.	A kite is flown by him.
He is flying a kite.	A kite is being flown by him.
He has flown a kite.	A kite has been flown by him.
He flew a kite.	A kite was flown by him.
He was flying a kite.	A kite was being flown by him.
He had flown a kite.	A kite had been flown by him.
He will fly a kite.	A kite will be flown by him.

 Complete the following newspaper report by filling up the blanks with the passive voice.

Inter-School Music Competition

Delhi: 23 October 20XX

An Inter-school Music Competition (a) ……………………….. (hold) at Bhartiya Public School, Ashok Nagar, Delhi, yesterday. More than thirty schools from all over the National Capital Region participated in the program. Ankur Gupta and Sheeba Varghese from our school (b) ……………………….. (adjudge) the Best Singers in the ‘Bhajan’ category. The group song of our school (c) ……………………….. (award) the second prize. Our school (d) ……………………….. (award) the trophy for the overall best performance.
Answer:
(a) was held
(b) adjudged
(c) was awarded
(d) was awarded

Complete the following newspaper report by filling up the blanks with the passive voice.

A Kalkaji businessman ……………………….. (rob) of 1 lakh rupees in the Kalkaji area of South Delhi last night. Police sources said that when Rajender, a wholesale dealer, headed for the parking lot after closing his shop in Kalkaji market, his bag containing the money ……………………….. (snatch) by a youth in his early twenties. The youth fled in a Maruti car parked just a few yards away from the spot. A robbery case ……………………….. (register) by the Kalkaji police and a manhunt ……………………….. (launch) to nab the culprit.
Answer:
(a) was robbed
(b) was snatched
(c) was rejected
(d) was launched

Given here is a set of instructions for making Rotis. Use these to complete the paragraph which describes how rotis are made.

• Add salt to half a pound of coarse flour.
• Rub an ounce of ghee into the mixture.
• Form soft dough using cold water.
• Cover mixture and leave to stand for one hour.
• Knead the dough and divide it into balls.
• Roll each ball to make a flat cake.
• Wipe griddle with a greased cloth.
• Heat the griddle on slow fire. Place the roti on the griddle.
• Turn occasionally until slightly brown.

Salt is added to half a pound of coarse flour and (a) ………………………. into the mixture. (b) ………………………. to form a soft dough. The mixture is covered and (c) ………………………. for one hour. The dough is kneaded and divided into balls. Then (d) ………………………. to make a flat cake. A griddle (e) ………………………. then heated on a slow fire. (f) ………………………. and turned occasionally until it is slightly brown.
Answer:
(a) an ounce of ghee is rubbed
(b) use water
(c) left to stand
(d) they are rolled in order
(e) is wiped with greased oil
(f) The roti is placed on the griddle

23. Given here is a set of instructions for making banana milk. Use these to complete the paragraph which describes how the drink is made.

• six bananas
• crush them into pulp
• boil half a litre of milk
• add banana pulp and sugar
• stir for two minutes and then remove from heat.

Six bananas are crushed into a pulp. Half a litre of milk (a) ………………………. and banana pulp and sugar (b) ………………………. to it. The mixture (c) ………………………. and then (d) ………………………. from the heat.
Answer:
(a) is boiled
(b) is added
(c) is stirred for two minutes
(d) removed

Read the headlines and complete the news items given below.

(a) Political turmoil will rock Pak: CIA
A study conducted by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) ………………………. and sporadic violence, with the military continuing to remain involved in the country’s politics.

(b) Srinagar passport Office encounter ends; 2 CRPF personnel among 4 killed
Security forces on Sunday ………………………. both the militants of Al Mansoorian, who stormed the passport Office in Srinagar, ending the nearly 26 – hour gun battle in which two CRPF personnel ………………………. and five injured.

(c) Nepal Maoists free kidnapped Indian soldiers
Maoists on Sunday released all 14 Gorkha Regiment soldiers of the Indian Army, ………………………. two days ago from Chuha village in Kailali district in far – west Nepal, according to Indian Embassy sources.

(d) Car thieves gang busted
The Delhi Police today ………………………. by arresting four-car lifters and seizing three cars from them.

(e) Most tribes in Nicobar safe
The Centre, which began special focus on rescue and relief operations, ………………………., even as it said aerial surveys were continuing to trace the missing persons there.

The comprehension cloze or filling up blanks with a suitable word/words places great emphasis on vocabulary and understanding of the passage.

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

We also providing Extra Questions for Class 11 English Chapter wise.

Cloze Passage Exercises for Class 11 CBSE With Answers Pdf

1. Fill in the blanks given below using only one word in each blank.

A man in an upstairs apartment worked in the night shift and continually woke (a) ………………………… the occupant in the apartment below by taking (b) ………………………… his boots and tossing them across the room. After complaints, he agreed to change his ways. (c) …………………………, on returning home early one morning, he threw one boot (d) ………………………… remembering his promise. He gently placed the second shoe (e) ………………………… his bed. Twenty minutes later, his neighbour pounded on the door. “For God’s sake,” he screamed, (f) ………………………… the door opened, “Throw the other boot so that I can get back to sleep.”

2. The following passage is an extract from an article but some of the words have to be filled in the blanks. Complete the paragraph by writing one suitable word in each blank. Correctly number and write the answers in your answer sheet.

Good manners are (a) ………………………… inherited, nor do they come naturally. They (b) ………………………… be learnt and practised. They are based (c) ………………………… the concept of consideration for others. They are easy to acquire and there is nothing more profitable. Good manners are a necessary complement in (d) ………………………… Walk of life. Organizations (e) ………………………… employees are very well mannered enjoy a (f) ………………………… reputation. It’s no wonder then that most of the multinational companies (g) ………………………… the services of outside agencies to (h) ………………………… their employees in good manners. The morale, productivity, and profits of such a (i) ………………………… will be high. And this in turn will attract (j) ………………………… business.

3. Fill in the blanks using only one word in each blank.

It is frightening to get stuck in (a) ………………………… storm. A dust storm (b) ………………………… prove to be quite blinding (c) ………………………… dangerous. People (d) ………………………… take shelter (e) ………………………… a safe place. Children (f) ………………………… be told by (g) ………………………… parents what they should (h) ………………………… in such situations.

4. The following passage is an extract from an article but some of the words have to be filled in the blanks. Complete the paragraph by writing one suitable word in each blank. Correctly number and write the answers in your answer sheet.

Experts and social workers opine (a) ………………………… landslides are a man-made disaster. Mr Hanumant Rawat, a social worker at Ukhimath, which experienced a devastating landslide recently, (b) ………………………… the large – scale felling of trees responsible for the recurrent landslides in the region. “Trees help to retain the (c) ………………………… and therefore prevent the sudden rush of water and soil, as has happened on this occasion. But both the villagers (d) ………………………… the government have consistently encouraged felling of (e) …………………………, which has resulted in total erosion of the topsoil,” he added. (f) ………………………… reason for the increase in landslides was terrace farming. “Villagers, out of greed, (g) ………………………… unscientifically changing the pattern of cultivation and (h) ………………………… trees for terrace farming. This is the reason why landslides often occur in areas which have large terrace farms,” said Mr Dharmesh Kumar, another social worker in the area.

5. Fill in the blanks given below using only one word in each blank. The first one has been done as an example.

It is fun living near the seaside. One can go to (a) ………………………… beach (b) ………………………… a picnic. Sailing in boats and water surfing (c) ………………………… two activities (d) ………………………… young people really enjoy. The sunrise (e) ………………………… the sunset make beautiful sights. Those (f) ………………………… have seen the sunrise say that (g) ………………………… is a heavenly sight and a marvellous experience. Even the sunset (h) ………………………… Worth watching.

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

We also providing Extra Questions for Class 11 English Chapter wise.

Editing and Omission Exercises for Class 11 With Answers PDF

Editing and Omission Practice Exercises for Class 11 CBSE

1. The following passage has not been edited. There is an error in each line. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. [NCT 2018]

Stick with regular meal timings. with to
Else your body is thrown of balance
attempting to compensate. However, eat a
good breakfast followed by a moderated lunch
and light dinner. Highly fat meals are
particularly to be avoided at dinner as there are
little physical activity after consumption so excess
calories are converted into fat.

Incorrect – Correct
with        –     to

(a) …………… – ………………
(b) …………… – ………………
(c) …………… – ………………
(d) …………… – ………………
(e) …………… – ………………
(f) …………… – ………………

Answer:
Incorrect – Correction

(a) of – off
(b) However – Moreover
(c) moderated – moderate
(d) fat – fatty
(e) are – is
(f) so – and

1. In the given paragraph, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before the word and the word that comes after it in the space provided as shown.

2. In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after ¡tin the space provided. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined.

India was once considered land of knowledge and	(a)	……………………………………..
enlightenment. In ancient times, scholars all over	(b)	……………………………………..
Asia and Europe to flock to Taxila, Nalanda and	(c)	……………………………………..
other Indian centres of learning. Apart the arts,	(d)	……………………………………..
culture, philosophy, and religion, scholars came to	(e)	……………………………………..
study medicine, law, and martial sciences. Despite	(f)	……………………………………..
having vastly expanded university system and	(g)	……………………………………..
historical advantages, modem India yet to provide international or even regional	(h)	……………………………………..
leadership higher education. From the	(i)	……………………………………..
surrounding countries of Asia and Africa only students come to India for higher education.	(j)	……………………………………..

3. The following passage has not been edited. There is one word missing in each line. Vrite the missing rord along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in the space provided. The first one has been done for you. Follow the example.

There various entry points	e.g.	There are various to
India most foreigners	(a)	……………………………………..
tend to land Delhi and a	(b)	……………………………………..
good proportion of head for	(c)	……………………………………..
the main bazaar in india’s craziest Street. It situated close to	(d)	……………………………………..
the Delhi Railway station.	(e)	……………………………………..
The main bazaar is packed foreigners	(f)	……………………………………..
from all the world. Frequent	(g)	……………………………………..
power cuts affect area and the	(h)	……………………………………..
ugly sound growling generators	(i)	……………………………………..
is common phenomenon.	(j)	……………………………………..

4. In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in the space provided. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined.

English is useful language. The people	(a)	……………………………………..
who speak English today make the largest speech community in the world.	(b)	……………………………………..
A speech community is similar to kinds	(c)	……………………………………..
of communities. The people make up the community share a common language.	(d)	……………………………………..
Often they live side side as they do in a neighbourhood, a village, or a city.	(e)	……………………………………..
More often they the whole country.	(f)	……………………………………..
Many nations composed of a single major speech community e.g. Italy, Sweden, and Japan.	(g)	……………………………………..
National boundaries however not	(h)	……………………………………..
always the same the boundaries of a speech	(i)	……………………………………..
community. Some nations made of many speech communities whereas some languages extend across national boundaries.	(j)	……………………………………..

5. In the passage given bdow, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in the space provided. The first one has been done for you as an example.

On the banks of Ganga, where	e.g.	of the Ganga
it emerges of the Himalayan foothills,	(a)	……………………………………..
there are long stretches forest. There are	(b)	……………………………………..
villages the fringe of the forest inhabited	(c)	……………………………………..
by bamboo cutters and farmers. This area an	(d)	……………………………………..
ideal hunting ground and so animals	(e)	……………………………………..
are not numerous as they used to be.	(f)	……………………………………..
The trees, too, have disappearing slowly	(g)	……………………………………..
and as the forest recedes the animals lose food and shelter.	(h)	……………………………………..

6. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction in the space provided as given below. Remember to underline the word that you have supplied as shown.

The idiot box is increasing pushing	e.g.	increasing – increasingly
the bookshelf out of home even in regions that have a high literacy	(a)	……………………………………..
rate or a long tradition of libraries.	(b)	……………………………………..
According to the findings of the sample survey, an average Keralite now	(c)	……………………………………..
spent 90 minutes on cable television and 80 minutes on reading books.	(d)	……………………………………..
However, TV is not an only culprit.	(e)	……………………………………..
The survey, conduct by the Kerala Library Council to mark the 50th anniversary of the library movement in the state,	(f)	……………………………………..
indicates that lack of interest and high price of	(g)	……………………………………..
books was equally responsible for people running away from serious reading.	(h)	……………………………………..

7. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write the incorrect word and the correction in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.

Dance is an art form is is as	e.g.	Incorrect – Correct is – as
well known, for dance as a	(a)	……………………………………..
therapy is not known in many.	(b)	……………………………………..
dance therapy involves a synthesis	(c)	……………………………………..
of the grace and vigour on Indian classical and folk dance	(d)	……………………………………..
movements into a innovative	(e)	……………………………………..
holistic therapy. It brings over the	(f)	……………………………………..
inner feelings for the participants	(g)	……………………………………..
and can help them with develop a healthy personality.	(h)	……………………………………..

8. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction in the space provided. Remember to underline the word that you have supplied.

The ‘standard of living’ of some country	(a)	……………………………………..
means the average person share of goods and services that the country produces. A country’s standard of life	(b)	……………………………………..
therefore depend first and foremost	(c)	……………………………………..
on it’s capacity to produce wealth.	(d)	……………………………………..
‘Wealth’ imply the things money can buy:	(e)	……………………………………..
both goods and services. The country’s	(f)	……………………………………..
capacity to produce wealth depends upon various factors, most of which have an effect	(g)	……………………………………..
on each one. Wealth depends to a great	(h)	……………………………………..
the extent on a country’s natural resource,	(i)	……………………………………..
such as coal, gold, etc. Those are unevenly distributed throughout the world.	(j)	……………………………………..
The USA is the wealthier in natural	(k)	……………………………………..
resources; the Sahara Desert is the less wealthy.	(l)	……………………………………..

9. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write the incorrect word and the correction as shown in the example.

Delhi’s harsh winters takes a heavy toll on e.g.	e.g.	Incorrect – Correct takes – take
its estimates 1.4 lakh street dwellers. Beat	(a)	……………………………………..
constables find a number of unidentified corpses	(b)	……………………………………..
in the pavements last year, most of them victims	(c)	……………………………………..
of the cold. This excludes those which sleep on	(d)	……………………………………..
carts, rickshaws and under tarpaulin tents as they is not	(e)	……………………………………..
classified as homeless. On the eve in winter, which the	(f)	……………………………………..
meteorology department say would be unusual severe,	(g)	……………………………………..
about 20,000 were provided shelter on different agencies.	(h)	……………………………………..

10. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet as given below. Remember to underline the word that you have supplied.

One of the key figures in the tourist industry is a waiter. His job is not	(a)	……………………………………..
merely to wait on tables and	(b)	……………………………………..
serve food and beverages to customers. The service provided by the hotel	(c)	……………………………………..
industry are rather complex; hence a waiter has to be train to acquire knowledge and	(d)	……………………………………..
skill of the industry. He has to be	(e)	……………………………………..
courteous and cheerful, and have an ability of smile. A waiter must	(f)	……………………………………..
appears smart and well-groomed.	(g)	……………………………………..
He must be able to speak clearly with a modulated tone; he may have	(h)	……………………………………..
an understanding in human relations	(i)	……………………………………..
and, most important of all, he must have a natural inclination for serve and	(j)	……………………………………..
find ‘service a pleasure’, without that he	(k)	……………………………………..
would be no more then a mechanical robot.	(l)	……………………………………..

11. In the passages given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Put a slash (/) where the word needs to be inserted and write the missing word against the correct blank number.

(a)	Each generation transmits, to young, values it regards valid and important. Then only society remains stable and a common core values exists in it. Social change makes values indistinct. Then it becomes difficult for individual to perceive clearly which values binding and which ones open individual choice.	……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………..
(b)	Ironically, modem man hates stress but addicted to it. It is stress that sustains him, and gives him strong urge to push himself over others. The professionals often heard complaining when they not get opportunities to display their skills. Even children hate sleeping for the required eight hours as they feel they’ll be missing out the time, which will better, utilised by others. Children are under tremendous pressure mug up that they often fear going to school.	……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………..
(c)	Begging in streets is a long-established custom. Religious minded people, feel charity will pave their way heaven, have encouraged it. They accuse people who do not encourage begging unsocial habits. But as law-abiding responsible citizens we must resist public criticism and say no begging. Beggars should not be encouraged to live parasites.	……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………..
(d)	Society cannot do well without contribution that women make professions and other spheres of work. There is serious shortage of teachers and nurses mention only two occupations followed primarily by women. It extremely wasteful to give years training, and then marry her off, after a year or two, to sit home. Her training will be more widely utilized if she follows as a profession.	……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………..

12. The following passages have not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction against the correct blank number.

(a)	The joint family system have undergone drastic changes in a recent times. Unlike the past, where grandparents, uncles, their wives and the children use to live under one roof, now the system of nuclear families has became the order of the day. Various factor have led to the disintegration of a joint family system. The more important is urbanization.	…………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….
(b)	English is the useful language. The people who speak English today made up the largest speech community in the world. A speech community are similar to other kinds of communities. The people that make up the community share an common language. Often they live side by side as they do in a neighbourhood, the village or a city. More often they form the whole country. Much nations are composed of a single major speech community.	…………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….
(c)	Human kind has been struggling for peace for times immemorial. We are aware so we can thrive when there is peace all around. Our culture and civilisation can grows and develop in an peaceful environment. If we want to think of material and spiritual progress we needs to propagate peace. Now that we seem to has a war virtually on our doorstep, we need to understand that every action has an equal a opposite reaction. If through centuries in war, the human civilzation has not achieved eternal peace, one more show of strength might provide the answer to the world’s woes.	…………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….
(d)	There are several causes of worries. The fast paced and complicated life style contribute to our anxieties. everything add to the burden on our minds. Some of these controllable but more of them are within our control. Ever since a child is three, he is pushed into the rat race. Expectation from parents and teachers, and competition from peer group results to headaches, tensions, ridicule, self-hatred etc.	…………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….
(e)	There is the enemy beneath our feet—an enemy the most the deadly for his complete impartiality. Everyone in the world are threatened by him. The enemy are earth itself. When the earthquake strikes the earth tremble. The power of the earthquake is greater than many other power man can produce. But today scientists are directing the great deal of effort into finding some ways of combating earthquakes.	…………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….

Data Interpretation: Data interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to the collected information and determining the conclusions, significance, and implications of the findings. The goal of interpretation of data is to highlight useful information and suggest conclusions.

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

We also providing Extra Questions for Class 9 English Chapter wise.

Data Interpretation English Grammar for Class 9 CBSE Examples, Exercises PDF

Data Interpretation English Grammar Sample Paragraph for Class 9 CBSE

The given pie chart throws light on India’s poor performance in the Olympics. Write a paragraph in not more than 100 words analyzing the reasons for the poor performance. Give suggestions on how India can perform better.

Introduction	India’s poor performance in the Olympics has once again underlined the need to improve in sports. The reasons behind India’s poor showing at the Olympics are not fr to seek. In India. sports is viewed as a hobby rather than a career. Added to this are reasons such as poor infrastructure, lack of training facilities, and lack of a ‘killer instinct”. Children are discouraged from taking up sports as there are few career options in professional sports. It is the duty of the Indian Olympic Association to help participation in Asian Championship. Commonwealth and Olympic games: and to provide adequate facilities and exposure to sportspersons. Sportspersons should also he encouraged by awarding them scholarships and sponsorships.
Description Of Process Using Markers
Conclusion

Data Interpretation English Grammar Practice Paragraph for Class 9 CBSE

A school has four sections A, B, C, D of Class IX students. The results of the half-yearly and annual examinations are shown in the table given below. Write a paragraph summarizing the results. In not more than 100 words analyze the performance of the school.

Result	No. of Students
	Section A	Section B	Section C	Section D
Students failed in both exams	23	28	20	17
Students failed in half-yearly but passed in annual exams	12	14	9	15
Students passed in half-yearly but failed in annual exams	6	15	8	13
Students passed in both exams	58	64	46	72

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

We also providing Extra Questions for Class 9 English Chapter wise.

Factual Description for Class 9 CBSE  Format, Topics Exercises, and Examples PDF

Factual Description is a collection of related sentences dealing with a single topic. Such a writing task is essentially sequential and directional – proceeding from one point to the other in a fixed direction. Although the focus is on factual accuracy, stylistic creativity and innovation, make the description more interesting for the reader. Otherwise, a factual description may become mundane and boring.

While writing a factual description students must show:
(a) an eye for detail
(b) power of observation

The factors that are essential for effective paragraph writing are:

• unity
• cohesion
• the logical development of thought

The entire piece should concern itself with a single controlling idea. Rambling or deviating from the task at hand should definitely be avoided. Connectives and linkers are essential to make the passage interesting and understandable. The thought should be built up by providing adequate details. The description must be sequential with important details listed first and the not-so-important details following it.

Important: Make a careful use of tenses while giving a factual description.

Factual Sample Description Example for Class 9 CBSE

Shakti recently went on a holiday to Shimla, the Queen of Hills. Read the description he writes about the place for the school magazine.

name Importance location

Shimla is the capital city of Himachal Pradesh. The city is named after the goddess Shyamala Devi, an incarnation of the Goddess Kali. Till 1947, it -was the summer capital of the British Raj in India. Shimla is often referred to as the “Queen of Hills”. Shimla has a number of places to visit such as -Kufri, a ski resort outside the city, and L.akkar Bazaar, a market famous .for wooden souvenirs and crafts; and Talla Pani, hot sulfur springs believed to have medicinal value. Local hangouts such as the Mall Road and the Ridge area in the heart of the city. There are also a number of old temples and churches.

Atraction/special features

Factual Practice Description Example for Class 9 CBSE

1. You happened to visit a friend who has taken admission in a residential school. Write a factual description of the hostel in about 100 words.

• Name of school
• Location
• Size of campus/hostel
• Number of rooms/beds
• Reception area
• Lawns/special areas, for example, gym, TV room
• Food
• Reputation and reasons

2. You recently went on a school trip to the Pushkar Fair. Write a factual description of the fair in about 100 words. You may use the input given below.

Held in	October
Highlights	Camel trading, folk performances, body tattooing, ethnic shopping, puppet shows, acrobatics, best breed contest, and mustache competition.

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

We also providing Extra Questions for Class 9 English Chapter wise.

Dialogue Writing for Class 9 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises PDF

Writing a dialogue must follow certain basic rules.

1. The language should be simple and depend upon the relationship between the speakers.
2. Though dialogue should read like real speech, the dull parts should be taken out.
3. A real conversation would be completely boring to read.
4. Edit out the filler words and inessential dialogue – that is, the dialogue that doesn’t contribute to the given situation.

Dialogue Writing Sample Dialogue Examples for Class 9 CBSE

Mallika and Mahima are sisters. Mallika, who is diligent, wants her sister, Mahima, to finish her homework because she often leaves it for the last moment and then begs Mallika for help. Write an appropriate dialogue between them that begins:

Mallika: When are you going to do your homework? Mahima: I will do it at 4’o clock. Mallika: Yesterday too you had said you would do it at four but you never got down to it! Mahima: Yesterday I had something else to do. Anyway, it is none of your business. Mallika: It is my business because I have to do most of it later on. Mahima: So what! You are my sister and sisters are supposed to help one another. Mallika: Yes, I know but when was the last time you helped me? Mahima: I don’t think it is in good taste to keep an account of such things. Mallika: Very convenient! You always have an answer for everything.

Dialogue Writing Practice Dialogue Examples for Class 9 CBSE

1. Preeti wants to watch a movie with her friends. She asks her mother for permission. Construct a dialogue between both of them in 100 words.

2. You have Noticed a few suspicious characters in your neighborhood. As a concerned citizen you inform the local police station in-charge about the characters. Write the dialogue you had with the police officer, including reasons why you found the characters suspicious in 100 words.

When we use the exact words of the speaker, it is called direct speech. Indirect or Reported Speech refers to a sentence reporting what someone has said.

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

Direct and Indirect Speech Exercises for Class 6 CBSE With Answers PDF

When we do not quote the exact words of a speaker while we report what he/she said – it is known as reported speech.

There are two parts of speech – Reported Verb (R.V.) and Reported Speech (R. S)

She says, “I like gold fish.”
(R.V.) (R. S.)

The sentence in the question tag is called Direct speech. The sentence without the question tag is called Indirect speech.

When the Reporting verb is in present tense or future tense then there will be no change in reporting speech except in the change of pronouns, place and time of expression.
Example:

• He says, “I write poems.”
• He says that he writes poems.

While converting ‘Direct’ into ‘Indirect’ Speech pronouns, tenses, place and time of expression are to be considered.

To convert direct speech into indirect speech ‘that’ conjunction is used to join the reported verb to reported speech.

The pronouns of the direct speech are changed to indicate the relations with the reporter and the hearer. The formula for converting pronouns of Direct speech

Remember this equation = RV/RS = Son/123 = S = Subject, O = Object, N = No change

• If the RS is in first-person, it shall be changed according to the ‘Subject’ of the RV.
• If RS is in second-person it shall be changed according to the ‘Object’ of the RV.
• if RS is in third-person then there will be no change.

Example:

Indirect:-She says that her dad likes roasted chicken.

Place, demonstratives and time expressions:-Place, demonstratives and time expressions change if the context of the reported statement (i.e. the location and/ or the period of time) is different from that of the direct speech.

In the following table, you will find the different changes in place; demonstratives and time expressions.

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Time Expressions
today	that day
now	then
yesterday	the day before
… days ago	… days before
last week	the week before
next year	the following year
tomorrow	the next day / the following day
Place
here	there
Demonstratives
this	that
these	those

“These dresses are not suitable for the at the occasion,” says Ditya. “We need to wear some traditional clothes like salwar – kameez on this occasion,” says Ditya.

The modal verbs could, should, would, might, needn’t, ought to, used to do not normally change.

Example:-

• He said, “She might be right.”
• He said that she might be right.

Other modal verbs may change:

Modal	Direct speech	Reported speech
Can	“I can do it.”	He said he could do it.
May	“May I go out?”	He wanted to know if he might go out.
Must	“She must apply for the job.”	He said that she must/had to apply for the job.
Will	“They will call you.”	He told her that they would call her.

Universal truths remain unchanged in reported speech.
Example:

• The guru said, “The sun rises in the east.”
• The guru said that the sun rises in the east.

Direct and Indirect Speech Worksheets for Class 6 CBSE

A. Read the dialogues given below and change it to indirect speech.

1. Harish: “Poonam is at home.”
Harish said (that) _____________

2. Karan: “Learners often read a book.”
Karan told me (that) _____________

3. Suman: “I’m watching TV.”
Suman said to me (that) _____________

4. Simran: “Kanu was ill.”
Simran said (that) _____________

5. Palak: “The girls helped in the house.”
Palak told me (that) _____________

6. Roma: “I am going to ride a skateboard.”
Roma said to me (that) _____________

7. Ronnit and Kajal: “We have cleaned the windows.”
Ronnit and Kajal told me (that) _____________

8. Harshit: “I didn’t have time to do my homework.”
Harshit remarked (that) _____________

A group of words that makes complete sense is called a sentence. A sentence expresses a complete thought. It begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!). All sentences have a verb.

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

Subject and Predicate for Class 6 CBSE With Answers PDF

Every sentence can be divided into two parts—subject and predicate. The noun or pronoun is the subject of a sentence. The second part of the sentence that says something about the subject is the predicate.

Examples:

• Roses are beautiful flowers.
• The cow jumped over the moon.

In each of the above sentences, the word in italics is a subject and the rest of the sentence is a predicate.

Subject and Predicate Worksheets for Class 6 CBSE With Answers PDF

A. Circle the subjects and underline the predicates in the following sentences.

Question 1.
The dog chased the sparrows.
Answer:
The dog chased the sparrows.

Question 2.
Sena is painting his house.
Answer:
Sena is painting his house.

Question 3.
You should take good care of your dog.
Answer:
You should take good care of your dog.

Question 4.
My friends have borrowed all my storybooks.
Answer:
My friends have borrowed all my storybooks.

Question 5.
My cat Timmy is very friendly.
Answer:
My cat Timmy is very friendly.

Question 6.
The girl in the red dress is waiting for her friend.
Answer:
The girl in the red dress is waiting for her friend.

Question 7.
The tiger is a beautiful animal.
Answer:
The tiger is a beautiful animal.

Question 8.
Computers can store a lot of data.
Answer:
Computers can store a lot of data.

Question 9.
Our music teacher teaches us different ragas.
Answer:
Our music teached teaches us different ragas.

Question 10.
The book with the blue cover is my grandfather’s gift to me.
Answer:
The book with the blue cover is my grandfather’s gift to me.

For sentences in the active voice, the subject performs the action; for those in the passive voice, the subject receives the action. Most grammarians recommend using the active voice whenever possible. Here are some examples to help you distinguish between the voices:

Basic English Grammar rules can be tricky. In this article, we’ll get you started with the basics of sentence structure, punctuation, parts of speech, and more.

Active and Passive Voice Exercises for Class 6 With Answers CBSE Pdf

Voice refers to the form of verb that indicates whether the doer of the action in a sentence is the subject or the object.

Change of voice involves three major changes:

1. It changes the functions of the subject and the object.
2. It changes the position of the subject and the object.
3. It changes the form of the verb.

A verb is in active voice when the subject of the verb is the doer of the action. In the active sentence the focus is on the doer of the action. Therefore it is in active voice.

A verb is in passive voice when the subject of the verb and the doer of the action are different. In the passive sentence the focus is on the receiver of the action. Therefore it is in passive voice.

Remember:

• The meaning of the sentence remains unchanged.
• The tense of the verb remains unchanged.
• The passive voice is used when the agent or doer is unknown or obvious.
• Passive voice is used in journalistic, scientific or legal writing.
• Given below are the active and passive equivalents followed by some examples of active and passive sentences.

Active Voice	Examples
1. The active voice is more direct than the passive.	The girl reads a book.
2. Sentences in active voice are generally clearer and more direct than those in passive voice.	Subject (the girl) + an active verb (reads) + an object (book)
Passive Voice	Examples
1. The passive voice calls attention to the receiver of the action rather than the performer.	A book was read by the girl.
2. A passive voice points out the receiver of the action when the performer is unknown or unimportant.	The guards were called by them.
3. It avoids calling attention to the performer of the action	The work has been completed by us.

Changing active voice to passive voice

Tense	Active Voice	Passive Voice
Simple Present Tense	Verb form: first form of the verb Example: The children play football here.	Verb form: is/am/are + past participle form of the verb Example: Football is played here by the children.
Present Continuous Tense	Verb form: is/am/are + -ing form of the verb Example: She is singing a song.	Verb form: is/am/are + being + past participle form of the verb Example: A song is being sung by her.
Present Perfect Tense	Verb form: has/have + past participle form of the verb Example: I have finished my work.	Verb form: has/have + been + past participle form of the verb Example: The work has been finished by me.

Given below are the active and passive equivalents followed by some examples of active and passive sentences.

Tenses	Active Voice	Passive Voice
Simple present	write/writes	am/is/are written
Present continuous	am/is/are writing	am/is/are being written
Present perfect	has/have written	has/have been written

A. Look at the following sentences and write whether they are active or passive.

Question 1.
A policeman caught the burglar. ………………………………
Answer:
Active

Question 2.
This report is published in a reputed newspaper. ………………………………
Answer:
Active

Question 3.
Buildings are constructed by engineers. ………………………………
Answer:
Passive

Question 4.
Pari’s father bought a new car. ………………………………
Answer:
Active

Question 5.
A new cycle was bought by Purba’s father. ………………………………
Answer:
Passive

Question 6.
They saw the match yesterday. ………………………………
Answer:
Active

B. Here is a passage on how idlis are made. Use passive voice to fill in the blanks using the simple present tense of the verbs in brackets.

Idlis are made (make) with rice grains and urad dal. First, rice grains and urad dal ……………………………… (soak) in water for at least three hours. Then they ater for at least three hours. Then they ……………………………… (grind) to make batter which ……………………………… (keep) overnight to ferment. Next day, the batter ……………………………… (pour) into the idli trays in small measures. The idlis (steam) for fifteen minutes. Since no oil ……………………………… (require) while cooking, idlis make a healthy snack.
Answer:
Idlis are made (make) with rice grains and urad dal. First, rice grains and urad dal are soaked (soak) in water for at least three hours. Then they are ground (grind) to make batter which is kept (keep) overnight to ferment.

Next day, the batter is poured (pour) into the idli trays in small measures.

The idlis are steamed (steam) for fifteen minutes. Since no oil is required (require) while cooking, idlis make a healthy snack.

C. Change these passive sentences to active sentences.

Question 1.
The roads are being swept by sweepers.
Answer:
The sweepers are sweeping the roads.

Question 2.
The monkeys were being teased by the boys.
Answer:
The boys were teasing the monkeys.

Question 3.
Rinpuii had been examined by Dr Vinod.
Answer:
Dr. Vinod had examined Rohan.

Question 4.
A new university has been opened in Rajasthan.
Answer:
In Rajasthan, a new university opens.

Question 5.
The worm is caught by the early bird.
Answer:
The early bird catches the worm.