Prasanna

“The Story of Dharmavyadha” is a timeless tale from the Indian epic Mahabharata that conveys profound moral lessons. It follows the life of a virtuous and humble butcher named Dharmavyadha, who imparts spiritual wisdom to a learned sage seeking enlightenment.

The Story of Dharmavyadha Summary

The Story of Dharmavyadha Summary in English

Long ago there lived a person named Kaushika. Although he was proficient in the veda’s he wised to surpass all in learning and left home to meditate and pursue studies, in the forest.

Once, when he was sitting under a tree studying Vedas, he was distracted by the loud twittering of a crane which was sitting on a tree, above him. Kaushika looked up and glared at the bird and it was reduced to ashes. Kaushika felt sorry for having caused the bird’s death but was also pleased by his ascetic powers.

He went to a nearby town to seek alms, and stood before a house and begged for alms The mistress was busy attending to her husband and took some time to bring him alms. When Kaushika glared at her, the lady smiled and said that she was not a crane which he could bum with his glare. Kaushika was astonished and wondered how the lady knew of the incident then the woman explained Kaushika, that he might have mastered the Vedas but he was ignorant of the mysteries of Dharma and asked him to go to Mithila to learn about the mysteries of Dharma from a men called Dharmavyadha.

Kaushika then went to Mithila and met Dharmavyadha. Dharmavyadha was a meat seller. When Dharmavyadha saw Kaushika he warmly welcomed him and asked him if a chaste women had sent him to meet him. Kaustika felt humbed. He had always imagined that he was the only learned man. But he now realised that it was not so. Later Kaushika humbly requested Dharmavyadha to tell him about the mysteries of Dharma.

Dharmavyadha humbly told Kaushika that he could only tell him about the path he followed. He was of the opinion that one should engage oneself in his duties, be truthful, patient and merciful. One should not be elated in happiness or depressed in difficulties. One should always be engaged in prayers and tapas and should appreciate the good qualities in others. He also told Kaushika that though he followed the hereditary profession of selling meat he did not kill animals and had never uttered a lie and therefore had no enemies. He said that his foremost duty was to serve his parents with devotion because their blessings were like a shield to him.

Later Dharmavyadha took Kaushika to his house to meet his parents He prostrated before them and sought their blessings. Kaushika also bowed before Dharmavyadha’s parents and sought their blessings. Then Kaushika humbly bowed before Dharmavyadha and told 1 rim liis arrogance had evaporated and that Dharmavyada had opened his eyes. He tells Dharmavyadha that from then on he shall join his parents and serve them and also cultivate the virtue that Dharmavyada followed. Kaushika returned home and spent his days serving his parents and teaching the Vedas.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, “The Story of Dharmavyadha” illustrates the universal message that true wisdom and virtue are not confined to social status but can be discovered in the most unlikely individuals. The Story of Dharmavyadha Summary underscores the importance of humility, moral values, and the intrinsic worth of a person’s character, emphasizing that enlightenment can be found in the most unexpected quarters.

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“The Axe in the Wood” is a thought-provoking poem by Rainer Maria Rilke that delves into the symbolism of an axe left in the forest. It explores the intricate relationship between nature, human activity, and the passage of time. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

The Axe in the Wood Poem Summary

The Axe in the Wood Poem Summary in English

This poem is written by Clifford Henry Dyment. The poem is about the harmful effects of poaching and the indiscriminate cutting of trees.

In this poem, Henry says that when once he was walking, he stopped to watch a man cut¬ting a tree. The tree was very old and it seemed to be a century old. As he was cutting it, the sharp axe appeared to be glittering and it struck deep inside the bark and the yellow wooden chips (which usually comes when we chop any wooden material) flew in the air.

The poet liked the sight. As the person was cutting the tree, a melodious sound was heard as he struck the axe and paused as he took it off.

The poet says that people have many reasons to cut trees. It might fall as it was very old but it had more good in it than a growing tree. Then Henry compares the death of the tree to the death of thousands of men.

The poem conveys the message that the beauty of nature should be preserved and en-joyed. Thus the poet condemns the onslaught on nature in an ironic way.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, “The Axe in the Wood” by Rainer Maria Rilke offers a profound meditation on the lasting impact of human presence in the natural world. The poem’s eloquent verses evoke a sense of melancholy and contemplation, inviting readers to ponder the traces of human existence in the unspoiled beauty of the forest.

“Machine” is a compelling poem explores the themes of modernity and mechanization in a thought-provoking and unconventional manner. Through his distinctive use of language and structure, Cummings delves into the complex relationship between humanity and technology, inviting readers to reconsider their place in an increasingly mechanized world. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

Machine Poem Summary

Machine Poem Summary in English

This poem is written by Rudyard Kipling, It was imagined to be recited by machines. It draws our attention to their giant strength as well as to their limitations.

The Poem deals with the problem of modern technology and machines. In the first stanza. We come to know how machines are produced. Initially, the metallic or mineral ore is dug out from the earth. Then it is melted in the furnace. It is molded and brought to the required shape by a hammer. It is measured, cut, and filed and made into the machine. There are various types of machines which can do various tasks. To do the task it needs water, coal, and oil. Once the machines are set to work, it will do the work the whole day. Machines can do the work correctly, whatever may be the work assigned to it.

It can pull and push, lift and drive. It can also print, plough, weave and produce heat and light. Machine can do all the types of work, but it cannot understand, it cannot tell a lie. It can neither love nor pity and forgive. Man should handle the machines carefully otherwise he is harmed or dead. Machines are not only useful, but they can also lead to big disasters if they are not used in the right way.

The smoke coming from the machine may cover the sky and hide God in heaven. After some time it will disappear and we could see the stars again. The machine is big, powerful, and heavy but lifeless, and operated by man only. It can’t do anything without a man. It is also invented by man.

The poem ends with the statement that ma-chines, although capable of great deeds, are still nothing more than creations of the human brain.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, E.E. Cummings’ “Machine” offers a distinctive perspective on the impact of technology on humanity. The poem’s unconventional style and language usage prompt readers to reflect on the dehumanizing aspects of mechanization and the need to find our individuality within a modern, industrialized world.

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“Coromandel Fishers” is a captivating poem by Sarojini Naidu that paints a vivid picture of the fearless fishermen of Coromandel, India. Coromandel Fishers poem describes their arduous and perilous journey as they venture into the unpredictable sea, emphasizing the profound connection between nature and these brave individuals. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

Coromandel Fishers Poem Summary

Coromandel Fishers Poem Summary in English

In this poem, the poetess describes the life of the fisherman. The leader of the fishermen is giving a call to his comrades to start their work early in the morning.

Coromandel fishers refer to the fishermen on the Coromandel Coast of South India. Rise brothers rise means the fishermen called their – men to get ready to go to the sea. The early morning sky is compared to someone who is waking up from sleep. The leader awakens the other fishermen that the sun had already risen. The wind is not blowing, means it sleeps in the arms of the dawn like a child. So it is the correct time to start their Journey. They should gather their nets and set the boats free. They are sons of the sea, so they have the right to capture the leaping wealth when means fishes.

The fishermen called themselves as the king of the sea. The narrator hurried his colleagues because they should follow the Sea gull’s call. The Seagull is an animal that knows where the fishes are. The sea, the cloud, and the waves all are close to fishermen like a mother, brother, and friends. The sea god is the controller of the sea. He will protect them.

The fishermen also love the land. The shade of the coconut grove, the sweet smell of the mango grove, and sounds in nature. But the waves and the foam of the sea is more appealing to them. The sun is setting and it is the time to go back to land. So brothers, row the boat to the edge of the sea.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, “Coromandel Fishers” by Sarojini Naidu is a beautifully crafted poem that celebrates the indomitable spirit of the fishermen of Coromandel. Through poetic language and vivid imagery, Naidu honors their bravery and their deep relationship with the sea.

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“For a Five-Year-Old” by Fleur Adcock is a touching and contemplative poem that delves into the complex emotions of a parent toward their young child. The poem explores the bittersweet experience of witnessing a child grow and gain independence, while simultaneously longing for their innocence and vulnerability. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

For a Five Year Old Boy Poem Summary

For a Five Year Old Boy Poem Summary in English

The Poem ‘For a five-Year-old is written by Fleur Adcock. In the poem, the poet ironically points out the contradictions in our day to day dealings of life. She points out the differences between what we preach and low we act. She ironically points out that by nature human beings do not practice what they preach.

The poet illustrates this human behaviour by narrating a fictitious episode in which she imagines her five-year-old child calling out to her after it sees a snail climbing up the window silly after a rainy night. The mother (Poet) goes to the child’s room and explains that it would be unkind to leave it there because it might climb down to the floor. So it is better to take care of it, before someone unknowingly squashes it. She asks the child to pick it up carefully and carry it outside to the garden and leave it there to feed on daffodil flowers.

In the next stanza the poet wonders why such a kind of faith still prevails where people still believe that character is built by mere words of advice, than by actions of others. She feels sad, because the child believed in her words and acted gently with the snail. She feels sad but amazed because the child believed the words of her mother (Poet) who was actually not gentle in her actions. The mother (Poet) had taken her words seriously even though it knew that the mother had drowned the child’s kittens and betrayed even her close relatives. The Poet had also conveyed such harsh truths to others. The harsh truth is that, it is human nature to preach one thing and practice another and that is how things go on in this world.

She strongly believes that being a mother of a child, she is right in advising her child to be good and gentle. And so both the mother and child are kind to little creatures like snails.

Conclusion:

“For a Five Year Old Boy” poem’s exploration of a child’s growth, independence, and the parent’s desire to protect their innocence evokes a sense of nostalgia and love. Adcock’s skillful use of language and imagery provides a poignant reminder of the fleeting nature of childhood, making this poem a timeless reflection on the joys and challenges of raising a child.

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“Somebody’s Mother” is a poignant poem by Mary Dow Brine that explores the theme of empathy and compassion. It invites readers to reflect on the common humanity we share and the significance of showing kindness to strangers. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

Somebody’s Mother Poem Summary

Somebody’s Mother Poem Summary in English

Here the poetess tells us that we should help those who are in need. Kindness is a virtue. It multiplies and comes to us in one or the other way. It was a winter evening. An old woman was waiting to cross a busy road near a school. She was very old and her hair was gray and she was very poor. Her dress was tom. She was a lone woman. She was waiting for a long time. Nobody looked at her nor even glanced at her. Suddenly children come out of school as it closed for the day. They passed the lonely old woman but non paid any attention to the old lady.

The poor old woman stood by the road as she fared that she would be trampled under the horse’s feet ‘or the carriage wheels. A group of happy boys comes there, it so happened that one of the boys, very cheerful and lively, saw this old woman waiting to cross the road. He ran to her and helped her to cross the road. She put her aged hand on his strong young arm. The boy guided the trembling feet and supported her by his firm and strong arms.

Later he explained to his friends that one day his own mother could be in a similar situation and that someone else would, help her. At home that night, the old lady prayed for the boy who had helped her to cross the road. Her heart was overflowing with gratitude and pride. She prayed ‘God, be kind to him, somebody’s son!”

Conclusion:

In Conclusion, the old lady prayed for the boy who had helped her to cross the road. Her heart was overflowing with gratitude and pride. She prayed “God, be kind to him, somebody’s son!”

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“No Men Are Foreign” is a thought-provoking poem by James Kirkup that emphasizes the shared humanity among all people, regardless of their nationality or background. In this poem, the poet encourages us to see past national boundaries and acknowledge the universal bonds that connect us as a global community. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

No Men are Foreign Poem Summary

No Men are Foreign Poem Summary in English

The authors intended to write this poem is universal brotherhood. According to him all men in the universe are the same and equal. So he is asking us to behave that nobody is stranger and no country is foreign because ail are alike. Though we all look different, we are all having same body. Similarly, the earth where we live and die is same. The Sun, air, and water are all same. We should live with peace it brings prosperity. War brings adversity, it means great suffering for long time. All hands are same and the lines in tire hands are also same. The labor is also not different.

We should remember that all are having same eyes with which we can sleep or awake. We can won all by love. All things should be possible by love. In every way life is common. That all can recognize and understand.

We should remember that whenever we are star hate our brothers, it is our fault. We have no right to condemn others. At the same time we have no right to look down upon anybody or discriminate, against anybody on any grounds. The poet makes a strong plea against the evils of war. By taking up arms, men violate the sanctity of the earth, polluting it with not only dust and smoke, but also hatred. Men must learn to develop a feeling of universal brotherhood. Men must learn that no man is stranger and no country is foreign.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, “No Men Are Foreign” by James Kirkup is a powerful reminder of the common humanity that unites people across borders. The poem underscores the need for empathy, compassion, and solidarity in a world often divided by nationality and differences. Through its evocative verses, it calls for a more harmonious and interconnected world where no one is considered a stranger.

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“The Little Busy Bee” is a classic children’s poem written by Isaac Watts. This delightful and instructive poem introduces readers to the industrious world of a diligent bee, teaching valuable lessons about the virtues of hard work, thriftiness, and the importance of making the most of one’s time. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

The Little Busy Bee Poem Summary

The Little Busy Bee Poem Summary in English
The bee is known for its work. Always it. works, so it is identified as a busy bee. It builds the hive very skillfully and stores sweet honey in it. The poet’s intention is, like the bee, we too must be busy and always do useful work.

How does the little busy bee work? It makes | good use of time. It starts work when the sun I rise i.e. in a shining hour. The worker bee starts j its work by collecting Honey from all the blooming flowers. All the bees collect nectar and carry it to the hive. The female worker bees are the only j bees that make nectar into honey.

The bees build their cell very skillfully, spread j their wax neatly and work hard to store honey in the cell. The poet speaks about himself and wants us to be like a busy bee in our work. We should! not be tempted to be idle or sit around doing | nothing. Satan in the poem refers to the devil, or some evil being who injures the idle person.

The poet wants to spend his boyhood day by reading good books, playing and doing some good and useful work. Every human being could be. busy like bee and do useful work. Bees build their hives skillfully. We too should do the work with our efficient skills.

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The poem “Beauty” is a lyrical exploration of the concept of beauty, delving into its multifaceted nature and the various ways it is perceived and appreciated by individuals. Through vivid imagery and introspective verses, the poem invites readers to contemplate the elusive essence of beauty and its impact on the human soul. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

Beauty Poem Summary

Beauty Poem Summary in English

The poetess describes beauty’ in this poem. She is trying to tell us that beauty is everything in life. Beauty can be seen in the sunlight, the trees, the birds, corn growing, people working, dancing and singing in their harvest, wherever we see, the beauty is there.

We can hear the beauty in the night that is sighing wind, falling raindrops, chanting melodious hymns and anything serious and sincere.

We can see the beauty in ourselves. That is good deeds, happy memorable thoughts childhood, repeated thoughts in our dreams, in our work and even in our rest. Beauty is God and God is beauty.

Conclusion:

The poem “Beauty” is a lyrical exploration of the concept of beauty, delving into its multifaceted nature and the various ways it is perceived and appreciated by individuals. Through vivid imagery and introspective verses, the poem invites readers to contemplate the elusive essence of beauty and its impact on the human soul.

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Luther Burbank, a pioneering American horticulturist and botanist, made indelible contributions to the field of plant breeding and agriculture in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His innovative work revolutionized the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and other plants, leaving a lasting impact on global agriculture. Read More Class 8 English Summaries.

Luther Burbank Summary

Luther Burbank Summary in English

What does the world call a man who turned the yellow flower into red, who made the seeds of plums disappear, desert cactus to grow a thousand times faster, made blackberry into white, who grew 500 different kinds of cherries on one tree? Was he a master gardener or a miracle-working magician.

Fie has been awarded many title, but he was so simple, hardworking scientist.

The products of his genius continue to play a part in the day-to-day lives of people throughout the world. His most important contribution is a lovely flower that never existed before him.

He was born on 7th March 1849. Fie was attracted towards the wonders of nature and learned the techniques of growing various crops. After reading Darwin’s book, he decided to devote his life to grow new varieties of plants.

He started market gardening at the age of 21. He was successful in selling high-quality vegetable. He planted 29 seeds from an early rose potato plant and produced superior quality up to today. This potato is called “Idaho Potato”, it is grown on thousands of acres in North-Western U.S.

He moved to the State of California at the age of 26, because his native place was not suitable for his work. He carried on his experimental and original work on plants for more than half a century on “Santa Rosa” near San Francisco. He described his new home as “The Chosen Spot” of all this earth as for as nature was concerned.

The three basic techniques of his experiments arc
1. collect different kinds of domestic plants and bring in many foreign varieties of plants, when they were grown under different conditions, they would prove strong, plentiful or hard, show other desirable changes.

2. He grew many varieties of fruits, flowers and vegetables by changing water, food, temperature, light or space variations were achieved by crossing plants, which had very dissimilar qualities.

3. He could recognize and select the plants which showed desirable changes. He could also choose them for further experiments.

Thus he was successful to produce a white blackberry and he called it the paradox. The pile of rejected seedlings measured 12 ft high, 14 ft wide,‘22 ft long and had contained 65,000 berry bushes. Among them he decided to keep for further study was less than 2 dozen.

He was able to grow 526 different types of apples on the same tree, ft was possible for him not only to save space but also to speed up his experiments. His experimented plants took only 2-3 years to yield fruits instead of 15 years.

He carried out more than 10,000 separate experiments with 600 different kinds of plants. He developed an improve cherry, a thornless blackberry, a cactus without thorns used as food for livestock and a peach tree that can withstand freezing weather. He delighted flower lovers with 73 new flowers, Shasta Daisy and a rose that bears his name.

Many of his efforts ended in failure. The crossing of tomato with potato was failed. But his devotion was so deep and strong that nothing could disappoint him. Miracles were happening in all the field like in steel mills, automobiles and markets of commerce and industry. Burbank’s discoveries are also as remarkable as the shiny cars, bridges, tunnels and singing wires.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, Luther Burbank’s relentless dedication to improving crops and creating new plant varieties significantly enhanced agricultural practices worldwide. His work embodies the spirit of innovation and the potential for individuals to make lasting, positive changes in the field of agriculture through science and ingenuity.