These DAV SST Book Class 8 Solutions Pdf and DAV Class 8 SST Chapter 17 Question Answer – Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy are thoughtfully prepared by experienced teachers.
DAV Class 8 SST Ch 17 Question Answer – Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy
DAV Class 8 SST Ch 17 Solutions – Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy
Something to Know
A. Tick (✓) the correct option.
Question 1.
The Fundamental Right that came into existence in 2002 is the-
(a) Right to Equality
(b) Right to Education
(c) Cultural and Educational Rights
(d) Right to Freedom of Religion
Answer:
(b) Right to Education
Question 2.
Writs can be issued by-
(a) a District Court
(b) a Gram Panchayat
(c) a Civil Court
(d) a High Court
Answer:
(d) a High Court
Question 3.
Which of the following statements regarding the Fundamental Rights is incorrect?
(a) They are granted to all citizens of India.
(b) One can move to any court of law in case of violation of Fundamental Rights.
(c) They are not absolute.
(d) They are justiciable.
Answer:
(d) They are justiciable.
Question 4.
Identify the Directive Principle based on the Gandhian philosophy.
(a) Equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
(b) To organise village panchayats.
(c) To promote heavy industries.
(d) To promote international peace.
Answer:
(b) To organise village panchayats.
Question 5.
Which one of the following promotes secularism?
(a) National Commission for the welfare of the women
(b) Environment Protection Act
(c) Right to Education
(d) Communal harmony
Answer:
(d) Communal harmony
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. The ________ guarantees the Fundamental Rights to all the citizens of India.
Answer:
Constitution
2. Right to work has been implemented for the rural unemployed under ________ .
Answer:
MNREGA
3. The practice of ________ has been abolished to pave the way for social equality.
Answer:
untouchability
4. Sikhs are allowed to keep a kirpan was them as a ________ symbol.
Answer:
religious
5. Freedom of ________ does not mean that there is no check at all on your religious activities.
Answer:
religion
C. Match the following.
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Secularism | (a) non-justiciable |
| 2. Abolition of Untoucha¬bility | (b) the writ |
| 3. Fundamental Duties | (c) promotes harmony |
| 4. Quo Warranto | (d) 42nd Amendment |
| 5. Directive Principles of State Policy | (e) Right to Equality |
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Secularism | (c) promotes harmony |
| 2. Abolition of Untoucha¬bility | (e) Right to Equality |
| 3. Fundamental Duties | (a) non-justiciable |
| 4. Quo Warranto | (b) the writ |
| 5. Directive Principles of State Policy | (d) 42nd Amendment |
D. Answer the following questions in brief.
Question 1.
Explain the significance of the Fundamental Rights in our day to day life.
Answer:
Fundamental Rights are essential for the development of the personality of every individual and to preserve human dignity.
Question 2.
Explain the Right to Freedom of Religion.
Answer:
Right to Freedom of Religion:
- Freedom of conscience and the right to profess, practise and propagate any religion.
- Freedom to every religious institution to manage its own affairs in matters of religion.
- State will not collect any taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
- No religious instruction can be imparted in any educational institution, which is wholly or partly maintained out of State funds.
Question 3.
The Fundamental Rights are justiciable and are protected by the Court’. In the light of the above statement, explain the Right to Constitutional Remedies.
Answer:
Right to Constitutional Remedies: The Constitution of India has not only listed Fundamental Rights, but has also prescribed remedies against their violation. If a citizen feels that one of her/his Fundamental Rights has been violated by an executive order, she/he may request the Supreme Court/High Courts to issue the appropriate writ for the restoration of her/his rights- The writs are Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo Warranto and Certiorari.
Question 4.
Mention any three Directive Principles of State Policy that have been implemented.
Answer:
- Economic Principles
- Social Principles
- Gandhian Principles
Question 5.
Why does the government sometimes make exceptions to help a particular religious community? Justify your answer with examples from recent times.
Answer:
To respect the sentiments of all religions, the government sometimes makes certain exceptions for a particular community. For example, the wearing and carrying of Kirpan is included in the Sikh religion. So, they are allowed to keep a Kirpan with them as a religious symbol. Similarly, the wearing of a Pagri by Sikhs is again a religious symbol. So, the Sikhs are allowed to wear Pagri in schools or other institutions.
E. Answer the following questions.
Question 1.
Explain the five provisions given under the ‘Right to Equality’.
Answer:
Right the Equality:
(i) Equality before law.
(ii) Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
(iii) Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
(iv) Abolition of untouchability.
(v) Abolition of titles.
Question 2.
‘Our Fundamental Rights are not absolute or unlimited’. Support the statement by giving any five suitable examples.
Answer:
Our Fundamental Rights are not absolute or unlimited. The Indian Constitution has imposed certain restrictions to check the abuse of these rights. Here are some of the examples where restriction imposed are justified-
- To prevent spread of infectious diseases, the free movement of the people can be restricted.
- Freedom to practise any profession does not mean to take up gambling, smuggling, hoarding or any other profession, which is injurious or hazardous to the society.
- No body can claim to be a doctor or a lawyer unless she/he has the essential qualifications.
- Freedom of expression does not mean to speak or write anything you feel like. Any thought or expression that disturbs public peace or harmony or instigates communal violence will not be allowed.
- Freedom of religion does not mean to criticise or write anything wrong about the other religion.
Question 3.
Classify Directive Principles of State Policy into four main categories. Explain each of them briefly.
Answer:
Directive Principles of State Policy have been grouped into four main categories. They are-
(a) Economic principles
(b) Social principles
(c) Gandhian principles
(d) Principles related to international peace and security.
(a) Economic Principles:
- To secure equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
- To provide adequate means of livelihood for all.
(b) Social Principles:
- To make efforts to raise the standard of living and public health.
- To guard children against exploitation and moral degradation.
(c) Gandhian Principles:
- To organise village Panchayats.
- To promote cottage industries.
(d) Principles related to International Peace and Security:
- To maintain just and honourable relations between nations.
- To promote international peace and security.
Question 4.
Highlight the main provisions of the Right to Freedom.
Answer:
Right to Freedom:
- Freedom of speech and expression,
- Freedom to assemble peacefully and without arms,
- Freedom to form associations and unions.
- Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
- Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India,
- Freedom to practise any profession or to cariy on any occupation, trade or business.
Right to Freedom also includes the following provisions:
- Protection in respect of conviction for an offence;
- Protection of life and personal liberty;
- Protection against arbitrary arrest and detention;
- Right to Education.
Question 5.
Inspite of freedom of religion, why does communal tension persist in certain parts of the country some times? Suggest ways and means to establish communal harmony.
Answer:
Very often in India, political parties resort to communal politics to win elections. By creating rift between different communities, the various groups are polarised. This helps in getting the votes of either the majority community or minority community. Economic reasons may also form the reason for communal politics.
Some methods to establish communal harmony are:
(1) There must be a dialogue between the communities to clear the misunderstanding.
(2) Political parties should not be allowed to play communal politics.
(3) The law and order machinery must act swiftly and put down any violence in an impartial manner.
Value Based Question
The Apex Court has made it compulsory for cinema theatres to play the National Anthem with the image of the National Flag prior to screening films. The audience should stand up to show respect. It is said that majority of the people have supported the directive of the Supreme Court as it is a Fundamental Duty also.
Question 1.
In your opinion, how far does this directive instil values of nationalism among the Indians?
Answer:
To wake up the feeling of nationalism, the Supreme Court (the Apex Court) has made it compulsory for cinema theatres to play the National Anthem with the image of the National Flag prior to screening films. India had to wage a long struggle to gain independence. A large number of people laid down their lives. Indeed, it was a great sacrifice for the motherland. This spirit is called nationalism. Hence, as a citizen of India it is our fundamental duty to respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem. It is a feeling of loyalty and devotion to country. It is also a feeling of oneness in which people are bound by common history, economic goals and cultural heritage.
Question 2.
Suggest ways and means to tackle those who violate this directive.
Answer:
Do yourself.
Map Skill
On an outline political map of world, locate these countries-
(a) The country from where ideals of Justice, Liberty, Equality originated. – France
(b) The country having largest democracy. – India
(c) The country to give the concept of the Rajya Sabha. – USA
(d) The country to give the concept of Directive Principles of State Policy. – Ireland
(e) The country where the idea of Fundamental Duties originated. – Russia
Answer:
Something to Do
Question 1.
What would happen if there were no rules and regulations in the school? Make a list of duties to be followed by the students of your class.
Answer:
Do yourself.
Question 2.
Collect reports and pictures from newspapers which show violation of the various Fundamental Rights. Against each picture, name the Fundamental Right in question. Suggest remedies to avoid recurrence of such incidents.
Answer:
Do yourself.
Question 3.
The right of one person depends upon the fulfilment of duty by another person’. In the light of this statement, prepare a list of ten day to day rights and their corresponding duties from daily life.
Answer:
Do yourself.
DAV Class 8 Social Science Chapter 17 Question Answer – Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles of State Policy
A. Tick (✓) the correct option.
Question 1.
The Fundamental Duties were included in the Indian Constitution in-
(a) 1947
(b) 1964
(c) 1976
(d) 2002
Answer:
(d) 2002
Question 2.
Which of the following is not a Fundamental Right of the people?
(a) Right to change the fundamental ideals of the Constitution
(b) Right to criticise the government
(c) Right to participate in elections
(d) Right to organise public meetings and rallies
Answer:
(a) Right to change the fundamental ideals of the Constitution
Question 3.
Prohibition means-
(a) to be more fully informed of
(b) to prohibit or forbid
(c) an unlawfully detained person may be produced before the court to find out whether the detention was legal or not.
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) to prohibit or forbid
Question 4.
Abolition of untouchability, ban on bonded labour, prohibition of child labour are included in-
(a) Right to Freedom
(b) Cultural and Educational Rights
(c) Right against Exploitation
(d) Right to Equality
Answer:
(c) Right against Exploitation
B. Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
How many Fundamental Rights do the Indian Constitution provide?
Answer:
The Constitution of India provides six Fundamental Rights:
(1) Right to Equality
(2) Right to Freedom
(3) Right against Exploitation
(4) Right to Freedom of Religion
(5) Cultural and Educational Rights
(6) Right to Constitutional Remedies
Question 2.
How can a man do if his fundamental right is violated?
Answer:
In case, a Fundamental Right is violated, one can move directly to the court of law and seek justice.
Question 3.
When was Right to Education included in the Constitution of India?
Answer:
Right to Education was included in the Constitution in 2002 for the first time as a Fundamental Right.
Question 4.
What do you mean by secularism?
Answer:
Secularism refers to the separation of religion from the state. A secular state allows individuals the freedom to live by their religious beliefs and practices.
Question 5.
What are Fundamental Duties?
Answer:
Fundamental Duties are obligations and all citizens are expected to perform them.
Question 6.
What is Habeas Corpus?
Answer:
It is a writ requiring that a prisoner be brought before a court.
C. Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Explain Right against Exploitation.
Answer:
Right against Exploitation:
- Prohibition of traffic in human beings, all forms of forced labour and begar (work without payment).
- Prohibition of employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine or hazardous occupations.
Question 2.
Cultural and Educational Rights protect the minorities. Explain it.
Answer:
Cultural and Educational Rights guarantees to preserve, maintain and promote one’s culture and language. The minorities will be given assistance by the State to establish and administer educational institutions of their own to preserve and develop their culture.
Question 3.
Why were Directive Principles included in the Indian Constitution?
Answer:
The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines/instructions given by the Constitution. The governments at all levels are expected to frame their policies in accordance with these principles with an aim to achieve our national goals and establish a welfare State in India.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar considered these guidelines as powerful instruments for the transformation of India from a political democracy into an economic and social democracy.
Question 4.
Many Directive Principles have been implemented. Mention a few of them.
Answer:
Many Directive Principles have been implemented and they have become either legislations or Fundamental Rights, such as:
- Right to Education has become a Fundamental Right.
- Environment Protection Act and Wildlife Protection Acts have been passed.
- National Commission for the welfare of women has been established.
- Right to Work has been implemented for the rural unemployed under MNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Act).
D. Long Answer Type Question
Question 1.
Why were Fundamental Duties included in the Constitution? Mention all of them.
Answer:
Rights without duties are meaningless. It has been rightly said, ‘If a person does not perform her/his duties, others cannot enjoy their rights.’ Thus, Duties precede rights. Therefore, it was in 1976 that Fundamental Duties were added to Indian Constitution through 42nd Amendment. Originally, there were ten Fundamental Duties, but now they are eleven. Fundamental Duties are obligations and every citizen is expected to perform them.
It shall be the duty of every citizen of India:
- To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
- To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
- To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
- To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
- To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
- To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
- To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for all living creatures.
- To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
- To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
- To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
- Parents or guardians should provide opportunities for education to her/his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years (added by 86th Amendment in 2002).