Incorporating DAV Class 7 English Reader Book Solutions Pdf Chapter 1 People at Work into study routines can lead to better overall language proficiency.
My English Reader Class 7 DAV Solutions Unit 1 People at Work
DAV Class 7 English Reader Book Solutions Unit 1 People at Work
Introduction:
I. Look at the list of people given below and encircle the ones whose vocation does not affect our lifestyle at all.
Answer:
II. ‘The work done by each individual is important and it affects our lives directly or indirectly.’ Discuss in groups of four.
Answer:
Each individual does his work. Whatever he does is important. It affects our lives directly or indirectly. Each person affects our lifestyle by his deeds. We can take an instance of a doctor. A good doctor examines his patients well, does his treatment and cures him. Only due to the service of a doctor, the sick man gets recovery from illness. So, it can be said that a doctor affects our lives directly. Similarly, a good teacher shows his students a right path. They also help them in building their character. So many times, we see a servant acting as a family member.
On the whole, it may be said that the people at work influence the human lives with their actions.
III. In the word basket drawn below, various professions are mentioned. Each one of them falls in one of the categories mentioned below. Complete the job ladder by writing appropriate profession on each rung.
Answer:
A
A.1.
1. How do you feel when you join a new school or a new group of friends? Do you quickly make yourself accustomed to the new surroundings or do you take time? Here is a play about a new assistant and his first day at work. Read how confidently he manages everything but….
Answer:
When we join a new school or a new group of friends, we feel a little bit nervous. There is always fear in our mind about new happenings. It is human nature. But time factor is very important. As the time advances we feel ourselves accustomed to new happenings and surroundings.
The New Assistant Summary
Mr. Higgins was a shopkeeper. He used to sell old things. Still, he did mistakes at times. He appointed Tom as a new assistant. He showed Tom, the goods sold at his shop and made him understand about the rate of various things. He showed him a silver pot which he had bought for ten pounds and would be able to sell it, hardly for eight pounds. He showed him a picture which he had bought for fifteen pounds and could sell it for twenty five pounds. Thus, there will be a profit of ten pounds.
He told him that there were several things in his shop which contained the value of 100 pounds. Mr. Higgins explained to Tom that he had marked the price in very small numbers behind or under the things. He made him understand that a true business man should sell his things without loss. Profit must be earned. After that he told him that he was going away from the shop for about an hour. He warned him not to sell things if he was not sure of their prices. Before he left, he sold a glass vase to the first customer in his shop and explained to Tom how to sell things.
When Tom was alone at shop; he checked the prices of various things to avoid any mistake while dealing with the customers. A young man and young woman got into the shop. He sold them a ring without making any profit or loss thinking that he would earn a profit next time. After some time, a rich lady appeared. She bought a picture. Tom showed her an old Chinese vase for one hundred and five pounds. But the rich lady offered to pay only a hundred pound for the vase. When Tom refused to reduce the price, the lady purchased only the painting and went away.
In the evening, Mr. Higgins returned to the shop with excitement. Tom told him about the sell of the day. He also told that he did not sell the Chinese vase for hundred pounds. This made Mr. Higgins angry. Because he had lost nearly hundred pounds since no one had offered him hundred pounds for that old vase during last forty years. He exclaimed him saying that the real price of the vase was only one pound and ten pence. Tom was sorry. He begged Mr. Higgins for his mistake.
मिस्टर हिगिन्स एक दुकानदार था। वह हमेशा पुरानी चीजें बेचता था। फिर भी कभी – कभी उससे भूल हो जाती थी । उसने टॉम को अपना नया सहायक नियुक्त किया। उसने टॉम को दुकान की सारी चीजें दिखलायी और उनकी कीमतों के बारे में समझाया। उसने उसे चाँदी का एक फूलदान दिखाया जिसे उसने 10 पाउन्ड में खरीदा था और अब वह मुश्किल से 8 पाउन्ड में बिक सकता था। उसने उसे एक तस्वीर दिखायी जिसे उसने 15 पाउन्ड में खरीदा था और वह उम्मीद करता था कि वह 25 पाउन्ड तक में बिक जायेगी।
उसने टॉम को बताया कि उसकी दुकान में कई चीजें ऐसी थी जिसका मूल्य 100 पाउन्ड था। मिस्टर हिगिन्स ने टॉम को बताया कि उसने सामानों के दाम छोटे अक्षरों में सामानों के पीछे या नीचे लिख दिये थे। उसने उसे समझाया कि एक सच्चे व्यापारी को अपना सामान नुकसान सहकर नहीं बेचना चाहिए। उसे मुनाफा कमाना चाहिए। उसके बाद जब वह एक घंटे के लिए दुकान से बाहर जा रहा था तो उसने टॉम से कहा कि किसी भी सामान की कीमतों में शंका होने पर वह उसे न बेचे। जाने से पहले उसने टॉम को अपनी दुकान में आए पहले ग्राहक के हाथ एक फूलदान बेचकर बताया कि सामानों को किस तरह बेचना चाहिए ।
जब टॉम दुकान पर अकेला रह गया, उसने सामानों के दाम देखे ताकि उससे कोई भूल न हो सके। उसने एक नवयुवक और नवयुवती को बिना मुनाफा के एक अंगूठी बेची। उसने आशा की कि दूसरे ग्राहक से वह मुनाफा कमा लेगा। कुछ देर बाद एक धनी महिला दुकान पर आई। उसने एक तस्वीर खरीदी। इसके बाद टॉम ने उसे एक प्राचीन चीनी फूलदान दिखाया जिसका दाम उसने 110 पाउन्ड बताया। परन्तु 105 पाउन्ड में वह बेचने को तैयार हो गया। महिला 100 पाउन्ड से अधिक देने के लिए तैयार नहीं थी । इसलिए उसने केवल तस्वीर खरीदी और चली गयी।
शाम को मिस्टर हिगिन्स दुकान पर वापस आए। टॉम ने बड़े उत्साह के साथ उन्हें सब कुछ बताया। उसने बताया कि उसने चीनी फूलदान 100 पाउन्ड में बेचने से इन्कार कर दिया। यह सुनकर मिस्टर हिगिन्स बहुत क्रोधित हुए क्योंकि उसने 100 पाउन्ड का नुकसान कर दिया था। उन्होंने टॉम को बताया कि पिछले चालीस वर्षों में कोई भी ग्राहक इस प्राचीन चीनी फूलदान के लिए 100 पाउन्ड देने के लिए तैयार न हुआ था। उसने उसे बताया कि वास्तव में यह फूलदान मात्र 1 पाउन्ड और 10 पैन्स कीमत का था। टॉम बहुत दुःखी हुआ। उसने अपनी भूल के लिए मिस्टर हिगिन्स से क्षमा माँगी।
Word – Meanings:
Assistant = helper – सहायक;
Profit = benefit – लाभ;
Customer = a person who purchases things – ग्राहक;
Pleasure = delight – आनन्द;
Offer = to present – प्रस्तुत करना;
To understand = know the meaning of something – समझना;
Price = cost – मूल्य, कीमत;
Mistake = to do something wrong – गलती होना ।
A.2.
On the basis of your reading of the play, complete the following statements.
Ans.
(a) Mr Higgins felt that he made a mistake when he bought the silver pot because he paid more than it was actually worth of.
(b) Mr Higgins told Tom that he would prove to be the right assistant for him only if he was able to sell things at a profit.
(c) Tom could not change the price of the ring because he was only an assistant and not the owner of the shop.
(d) The actual price of the picture was fifteen pounds and Tom sold it for twenty seven pound.
(e) The rich lady didn’t buy the vase because it was too costly and she wanted to pay only 100 pounds.
(f) At the end of the play, Mr Higgins was angry at Tom because he could have made the profit of 99 pounds had he sold the vase to the lady.
A.3. Tom’s Performance Appraisal
Good sales assistants should possess certain attributes. Some attributes are mentioned below. Put a tick (✓) against the one which you think Tom had. Good sales assistants should—
be polite _____
have good product knowledge, _____
be ready to assist customers, _____
be sincere in their duties, _____
be good negotiators, _____
be confident, _____
A.4. HOTS
How many stars would you give Tom for his performance on the first day at work? Give reasons.
Answer:
I would give Tom four stars out of five because it was his first day at work and he was still learning tricks of the trade.
A.5. Life Skills
‘Oops! I made a mistake.’
“I’ve sold them all my life, but I still make mistakes,” says Mr. Higgins. All human beings are fallible. All of us commit mistakes.
Please indicate how often you react in the following manner when you realise that you have committed a mistake.
Which reactions are appropriate? Why? Discuss in group.
Answer:
Learning from mistakes and trying to improve is the best reaction. All men are fallible. All men make mistakes. Brooding over it is only going to waste your time. Also, crying or taking it casually won’t help. So, the best way is to learn and move on in life.
A.6. While reading the play, you must have come across a few pairs of opposite expressions, e.g.,
I’ve marked the price behind the picture.
Tom puts some rings in front of them.
Seven pairs of opposite words are hidden in the grid below. Identify them and write them in the space provided. Move diagonally, vertically or horizontally to locate them. One is done for you.
Answer
Answer:
| Take | Give |
| Goes | Comes |
| New | Old |
| Sold | Bought |
| Big | Small |
| Under | Over |
| No | Yes |
A.7. Listen to what Tom feels about Mr. Higgins at the end of his first day at the shop. Complete Mr. Higgins’ profile while listening about him.
Answer:
A.8. Cast your vote.
Read the following questions:
1. Do you think Tom was responsible for the loss of hundred pounds to Mr. Higgins?
2. Did Tom prove himself to be a good assistant?
Now ask all the students to cast their votes and find out what percentage of students says “Yes’ and what percentage says ‘No’ for the above two questions.
Answer:
For self-attempt.
A.9. Imagine you are Tom. You wonder whether your not selling the vase was a mistake. Write a diary entry expressing your feelings.
Answer:
Day _____
Date _____
Time _____
Today, something interesting happened when I was in the shop and Mr. Higgins had gone out. A lady came in and wanted to buy the vase, I thought it was a rare piece of art I looked at the price written beneath it and thought it was 110 pounds. I couldn’t see the dot and the actual price was 1.10 pounds. The lady was willing to pay 100 pounds. I refused to sell the vase. I have no authority. I couldn’t sell it at a loss. The lady went away. When Mr. Higgins came back, I told him what had happened. He was very angry at me. But it’s not my fault. It’s all a case of misunderstanding. Mr. Higgins later on forgave me. I will also try to learn all the tricks of the trade and prove to be a good assistant to him.
Tom
B. Which of the following traits of a teacher would make him/her your favourite teacher?
Answer:
(i) Very friendly
(ii) command over subject
(iii) sincere
B.1.
Teacher’s Prayer Summary
The poem ‘Teacher’s Prayer has been composed by James J. Melcalf. She is very optimistic towards life. In this poem, the poetess wants to teach her students how to live their lives and how to struggle against the odds. She wants that her students should face the troubles with courage. She also teaches the students to improve their lives. Only bookish knowledge is not sufficient. Practical life needs something more than bookish knowledge. Students should choose the right and practical path. They should be able to differentiate between the right and the wrong.
The poetess ‘thinks that her life will be successful only if she provides true knowledge to the students and they would improve themselves. She also prays to God that she may be successful in bestowing a good moral character, confidence and pleasure among her students.
प्रस्तुत कविता ‘ टीचर्स प्रेयर’ प्रसिद्ध कवयित्री जेम्स जे० मेलकॉफ द्वारा रचित है। कवयित्री का जीवन के प्रति बहुत आशावादी नजरिया है। इस कविता में वह अपने छात्रों को यह शिक्षा देती है कि जीवन कैसे जीना चाहिए तथा समस्याओं से कैसे संघर्ष करना चाहिए। वह चाहती है कि उसके छात्र कठिनाइयों का बहादुरी से सामना करें। वह छात्रों को यह भी शिक्षा देती है कि वे अपने जीवन को सही ढंग से विकसित करें। केवल पुस्तकीय ज्ञान पर्याप्त नहीं है। छात्रों को उचित तथा व्यावहारिक मार्ग का चुनाव करना चाहिए। वह चाहती है कि उसके छात्रों को इतनी समझ हो कि वे सही और गलत के अन्तर को स्पष्ट कर सकें।
कवयित्री यह सोचती है कि उसका जीवन सफल हो जायेगा यदि वह छात्रों को उचित ज्ञान देने में सफल होती हैं और छात्र उस ज्ञान से अपने जीवन को विकसित करते हैं। वह ईश्वर से प्रार्थना करती है कि वह छात्रों के बीच अच्छा चरित्र, आत्मविश्वास एवं खुशियाँ बाँटने में सफल हो ।
Word – Meanings:
Struggle = to try hard to do something – संघर्ष;
Strife = conflict – संघर्ष, विवाद;
Worth = merit – गुण;
Eternal = ever lasting – शाशवत;
Wisdom = intelligence – बुद्धिमत्ता;
Character = distinctive qualities – चरित्र;
Confidence = faith – विश्वास;
Happiness = pleasure – आनन्द;
Grace = blessing – वरदान;
Guidance = directions – निर्देशन ।
B.2. On the basis of your understanding of the poem, complete the summary of the poem:
The teacher wants to teach her students how to lead their life nicely on this earth, how to overcome the _____ and _____ that one faces and how to improve their _____.
She doesn’t want her students to have only _____ knowledge. What is more important is that they should he able to choose the _____ path.
They should he able to distinguish between _____ as well as appreciate the _____ of nature.
She feels that she’ll have done her duty sincerely if she can teach the children to develop _____ and _____.
Finally, she prays to God to _____ her in making this world full of individuals who have _____, _____ and _____.
Answer:
The teacher wants to teach her students how to lead their life nicely on this earth, how to overcome the hardships and problem that one faces and how to improve their worth.
She doesn’t want her students to have only bookish knowledge. What is more important is that they should be able to choose the right path. They should be able to distinguish between right and wrong as well as appreciate the beauty of nature. She feels that shell have done her duty sincerely if she can teach the children to develop wisdom and grace.
Finally, she prays to God to guide her in making this world full of individuals who have character, confidence and happiness.
B.3. Select an appropriate title for each stanza from the choices given below:
[a satisfied soul, a prayer, the guiding force, correct judgments]
Answer:
B.4. Select any four students in your class for a survey. Speak to them and find out whether they have been influenced by a teacher who brought about any change in their
• behaviour
• personality
• academic performance
Complete the following table on the basis of your survey:
Answer:
| Name of the student | Name of the teacher/s | Subject/s taught | Change brought about in the student |
| Anurag | V. Kumar | Mathematics | Taught him to be disciplined and graceful. |
| Anubhuti | Mr. M. Shrivastav | Moral Science | Taught him to be polite and speak truth only. |
| Aditya | Mr. M. Kumar | English | Taught him to be patient and to build self – confidence. |
| Aman | Mr. M. Das | Music | Taught him how to pardon others and be friendly with others. |
B.5. HOTS
In the poem the teacher wants to teach her student ‘improve their worth’.
(a) What does the expression ‘improve their worth’ mean?
Answer:
The expression “improve their worth’ mean to give value to your life by achieving something worthwhile.
(b) How can students ‘improve their worth?
Answer:
Students can ‘improve their worth’ by struggling and working hard towards achieving their goals.
B.6. Values
In the poem the teacher wants that her students should be able to make a distinction between the right and the wrong. Why is it important for us to tread the righteous path?
Answer:
To walk on the righteous path is important for every student so that he never goes wrong in his life and repents later for the mistakes he committed.
B.7. Read this diary entry of a Maths teacher who is very thrilled about the result of his entire class, especially of a student, Vaibhav, who has shown a very positive change.
Answer:
See My English Reader, page 19.
B.8. Imagine yourself to be Vaibhav. Write a diary entry expressing your feelings of happiness and a sense of achievement on performing so well. Also, mention your feelings of gratitude to your teacher who has been the guiding force behind you.
Answer:
Date: 6th August 20XX
Monday
Today when my Maths teacher appreciated me for my performance in the subject in my class, I was thrilled. I thanked him for his guidance that made me a successful student today. My teacher has veiy good command over the subject. I have been influenced by his impressive way of teaching. He brought a valuable change in my life. May I pray to God to fulfil his dreams, which he has seen for me! and prove myself to be a worthy student.
C. Write the things sold by the following people by taking help from the clue box.
(a) draper __________
Answer:
cloth
(b) butcher __________
Answer:
meat
(c) pharmacist __________
Answer:
medicines
(d) jeweller __________
Answer:
ornaments
(e) green grocer __________
Answer:
fruits, vegetables
(f) baker __________
Answer:
bread
(g) stationer __________
Answer:
paper, pen
(h) confectioner __________
Answer:
cake, sweets
(i) news-vendor__________
Answer:
Newspapers
C.1.
The Vendor of Sweets Summary
Munisamy was a vendor of sweets. He was very laborious. He used to sell his sweets among school children. His business was fruitful but during vacations his business slackened. He had a son. He was two years old. The son was not allowed to touch his sweets. One day, Munisamy was ready to go to the school for selling his sweets. At once he saw that his son having picked up a sweet from the tray and put it into his mouth. It made Munisamy angry.
He slapped his son in rage and went away with the tray. On the way, while he was crossing the road, he fell head long on the road. The accident was due to avoiding collision with a car. The sweet tray fell into the gutter. Munisamy became sad and realized that God had punished him for slapping his tender son. This thought changed his lifestyle. He took oath that he would never slap the child. He returned home, kissed his son and gave him sweets to eat.
मुनिसामी एक मिठाई विक्रेता था। वह बहुत परिश्रमी था । वह अपनी मिठाइयाँ स्कूल के बच्चों को बेचता था । उसका व्यापार लाभप्रद था परन्तु छुट्टियों में उसका धंधा मंदा हो जाता था। उसका एक दो वर्षीय पुत्र था। उस बच्चे को मिठाई छूने की भी इजाजत नहीं थी। एक बार जब वह मिठाइयाँ बेचने जाने के लिए तैयार हो रहा था, उसने अपने बेटे को ट्रे से मिठाई उठाकर अपने मुँह में रखते हुए देखा।
वह क्रोधित हो गया और उसने अपने बेटे को चाटा मार दिया और ट्रे लेकर चला गया। रास्ते में एक कार की टक्कर से बचने की कोशिश में वह सड़क पर गिर पड़ा। मिठाई की ट्रे नाले में गिर पड़ी । मुनिसामी बहुत दुःखी हुआ । उसने महसूस किया कि ईश्वर ने बच्चे को थप्पड़ मारने के कारण उसे यह सजा दी है। इस सोच ने उसकी जीवन-पद्धति ही बदल दी। उसने प्रतिज्ञा की कि वह कभी बच्चे को नहीं मारेगा। वह घर वापस लौटा, बच्चे को चूमा तथा उसे खाने को मिठाइयाँ दी।
Word – Meanings:
Vendor = one who sells things – विक्रेता;
Peculiar = strange – विचित्र, अजीब;
Advertising = to put information in newspaper, television etc. – विज्ञापन करना;
Brisk = quick, busy – फुर्तीला;
Slackened = sluggish – मंदा पड़ना;
Depression = a feeling of unhappiness that lasts for a long time – अवसाद करना;
Apt = proper – सही;
Protest = to raise an opposition – विरोध करना;
Enrage = to make angry – क्रोध करना;
Shrieking = to scream – चीखना;
Reflected = to mediate – चिंतन करना;
Desire = eagerness – इच्छा;
Commotion = noise – शोरगुल ।
C.2. On the basis of your understanding of the text, complete the following statements.
(a) At nine in the morning, Munisamy would stand __________
Answer:
in front of the school with his tray of sweets.
(b) During vacation, there was __________
Answer:
depression in his trade.
(c) At the tender age of two, Munisamy’s child __________
Answer:
put all kinds of things into his mouth.
(d) The mother’s heart would fill with pain when she saw __________
Answer:
the child crying for the sweet.
(e) When the child picked a sweet to eat it, __________
Answer:
Munisamy gave a sharp slap on the tender cheek of the child.
(f) When Munisamy was going to the school, all the sweets from the tray __________
Answer:
from his head fell into the gutter by the side of the road.
C.3. Underline the words that tell you about the nature of Munisamy before the accident and encircle the ones that refer to new Munisamy.
Answer:
C.4. The incidents mentioned below are from the story but they are not in order. Put them in the correct order and re-write them in the form of a paragraph.
(i) At home, his two-year child was not even allowed to touch those sweets.
(ii) He sold his sweets mainly to school children and was doing a thriving business.
(iii) On his way to the school, Munisamy fell headlong on the road while trying to avoid a collision with a car.
(iv) Once on the opening day of the school, Munisamy was getting ready to go out to sell sweets.
(v) The child cried and went to sleep.
(vi) Munisamy was a hard-working sweet vendor.
(vii) He saw his child picking up sweet from the tray.
(viii) His sweets fell into the gutter.
(ix) He slapped the child in rage and went out with his tray.
(x) He returned home and promised to give the child the sweets before he sold them to others.
(xi) Munisamy realized that it was God’s punishment for slapping the child.
Answer:
Brief Summary
Munisamy was a hard-working sweet vendor. Once on the opening day of the school, Munisamy was getting ready to go out to sell sweets. He sold his sweets mainly to school children and was doing a thriving business. At home, his two-year child was not even allowed to touch those sweets. He saw his child picking up sweet from the tray. He slapped the child in rage and went out with his tray. The child cried and went to sleep. On his way to the school, Munisamy fell headlong on the road while trying to avoid a collision with a car. His sweets fell into the gutter. Munisamy realized that it was God’s punishment for slapping the child. He decided to give the sweets to the child before going out for selling them.
C.5. HOTS
Do you think Munisamy would have realized his mistake if his tray of sweets had not fallen into the gutter accidentally?
Answer:
No, he would not have realized his mistake and would have continued to shout. It was only after his tray fell that he realized where he was wrong. When other children can enjoy his sweets, then why not his own son?
C.6. Life Skills
Munisamy’s son picked a sweet from his tray which infuriated Munisamy. He considered it an ‘ill-omen’. Superstitions often put us in trouble. Imagine you have a friend who is superstitious like Munisamy. He/She stops if a black cat crosses his/her path or does not go out if someone sneezes when he/she is about to step outside. How will you explain to him/her to shun superstitions and have a rational approach towards life?
Answer:
Superstitions are nothing but something which have been put up by ignorant minds to serve their own ends. I will give him a live example. I will myself go after a cat has crossed my path and prove to him that nothing will happen to me.
C.7. Words in a Word
A few words from the story are given below. Use a dictionary to find their meanings. Then write four words containing four letters or more using the letters of the given words. One has been done as an example.
Answer:
| Word | Meaning | Four Letter Words |
| 1. commotion | noisy confusion | omit, coin, moon, icon |
| 2. intense | veiy strong | tense, sent, nest, nine |
| 3. peculiar | strange | liar, race, pace, lice |
| 4. thriving | doing well | hiring, tiring, hit, ring |
| 5. reflected | thought upon | felt, reef, feed, left |
| 6. shrieking | shouting loudly | king, hiking, hire, ring |
| 7. protest | disapproval | rote, test, rest, pest |
C.8. In the paragraph given below, some words are written in capital letters. The antonym along with the synonym of each highlighted word is also given in the table below the paragraph. Guess the correct word and write it in the space provided.
God’s Job
A peasant driving a donkey reached a melon farm. TIRED and thirsty, he sat down and rested under the shade of a NEARBY walnut tree. Enjoying the view of the spreading vines of big watermelons, he looked up and NOTICED a few walnuts DANGLING among the veiy HIGH branches of a MONSTROUSLY high tree. Bewildered by the work of God, he wondered why small walnuts grew on such an ENORMOUS tree, while the big watermelons hung from a flat and FLIMSY vine. The peasant was LOST in his thoughts when a falling .walnut hit his head. He stretched his hands high up towards the sky and said THANKFULLY, ‘O Almighty God, it was CLEVER of you not to let melons grow on big trees, for I would have been DEAD by now.’
Answer:
| Synonym | Antonym | Word |
| hanging | lying | dangling |
| huge | tiny | enormous |
| intelligent | foolish | clever |
| weary | fresh | tired |
| gratefully | ungratefully | thankfully |
| lifeless | alive | dead |
| closeby | far away | nearby |
| feeble | sturdy | flimsy |
| observed | ignored | noticed |
| towering | low | high |
C.9. Look at the advertisement below. Discuss what are the essential elements in any newspaper/magazine advertisement.
See My English Reader, page 23.
Answer:
- It should be attractive.
- The words should be simple, clear and bold.
- The slogan must be catchy.
- The picture must be attractive.
- It should convey the message to the illiterate too who can understand even without being able to read it.
- It should attract all classes of society.
C.10. Keeping all the elements of a good advertisement in mind, design an advertisement on any one of the following:
Answer:
