Incorporating DAV Class 8 English Reader Book Solutions Pdf Chapter 6 Tolerance into study routines can lead to better overall language proficiency.
My English Reader Class 8 DAV Solutions Unit 6 Tolerance
DAV Class 8 English Reader Book Solutions Unit 6 Tolerance
I. Attempt the self-analytic questionnaire given below and know more about yourself.
(a) You are travelling in a train and one of your co-passengers is coughing continuously. You will
(i) warn him not to cough, near you.
(ii) change your seat.
(iii) offer him some medicine/water.
Answer:
(iii) offer him some medicine/water.
(b) You are studying and your next door neighbour is listening to music at a high volume. You will
(i) pick up a fight with him.
(ii) complain against him.
(iii) be patient and try to concentrate in every circumstance.
Answer:
(iii) be patient and try to concentrate in every circumstance.
(c) Your neighbour has brought a new dog that spoils your garden. You will
(i) hit the dog next time when it enters your garden.
(ii) ask your neighbour for compensation.
(iii) talk to your neighbour and request him to keep his dog inside.
Answer:
(iii) talk to your neighbour and request him to keep his dog inside.
(d) Your roommate has a habit of studying at night whereas you cannot sleep with lights on. You will
(i) quarrel with him.
(ii) change your room.
(iii) try to sleep with lights on.
Answer:
(iii) try to sleep with lights on.
(e) Your sister uses your stationery but never puts it back where it belongs. You will
(i) shout at her.
(ii) stop giving her your things.
(iii) keep the stationery back on its place yourself.
Answer:
(iii) keep the stationery back on its place yourself.
II. Discuss with your partner what ‘tolerance’ could mean to you? Then write all the points below. One example has been given for you.
- For me tolerance means not shouting at my younger brother, even when he disturbs me while I am studying.
- It means being patient when my employer shouts at me.
- It means ability to bear the stern realities of life.
Answer:
For self-attempt.
A
A.1.
On Tolerance Summary
According to E.M. Forster, the world is full of appalling people. These people are not liked by someone. Someone does not like them on the colour of their skins, and someone dislikes them on the ground of clothes or music.
What to do in such a situation? There are two solutions to this problem. One of them is: If you don’t like people, kill them, banish them because you are the salt of the earth. The other way is to tolerate all types of people. On this basis, a civilized future may be built.
The writer lost his faith in military ideals due to a large number of killings in World War II. He felt the need of tolerance after peace. Reconstruction of the world is needed after the war. He says if he meets people who fought war against his country, he would never love them, but he would tolerate them. It is because all have to live in the same world. Tolerance is not the same as weakness. But it means rebuilding the world unless the God creates a world with love only. Man will have to survive by the virtue of tolerance.
ई० एम० फास्टर के अनुसार, यह संसार ऐसे लोगों से भरा घड़ा है जो एक-दूसरे के प्रति भय उत्पन्न करते हैं। ऐसे लोगों को कुछ लोग नापसंद करते हैं। कुछ लोग तो उन्हें उनके के रंग के कारण नापसंद करते हैं तो कुछ लोग उन्हें कपड़े, संगीत इत्यादि के कारण नापसंद करते हैं।
ऐसी स्थिति में क्या किया जाना चाहिए? इस समस्या से दो समाधान हैं: प्रथम; अगर आप लागों को पसंद न करने हों तो उसे समाप्त कर दें, मार दें, क्योंकि आप इस पृथ्वी के मालिक हैं। दूसरी, ऐसे लोगों के प्रति सहनशीलता की भावना अपराधी जाय। इस आधार पर एक अच्छे भविष्य का निर्माण किया जा सकता है।
लेखक ने सेना में विश्वास खो दिया जबकि द्वितीय विश्वयुद्ध में लाखों व्यक्ति मारे गये। शांति के पश्चात लेखक को सहनशक्ति की आवश्यकता पड़ी। युद्ध के बाद विश्व के पुर्ननिर्माण की आवश्यकता है। लेखक कहता है कि यदि वह उन लोगों से मिलता है जिन्होंने उनके देश के खिलाफ लड़ाई की थी तो वह उससे प्रेम नहीं कर सकता। वह उन्हें सहन करेगा। ऐसा इसलिए क्योंकि सभी को एक ही संसार में रहना है। सहनशक्ति तथा कमजोरी एक समान नहीं हैं। परन्तु इसका अर्थ विश्व का नवनिर्माण है। जब तक भगवान ऐसे संसार को नहीं बनाता जहाँ केवल प्रेम है। मनुष्य को सहनशीलता द्वारा अस्तित्व में बने रहना पड़ेगा।
Word – Meanings:
Appallingly = shockingly – भय उत्पन्न करते हुए;
Strut up and down = proudly walk up and down – गर्व से ऊपर-नीचे टहलना;
Imperative = very urgent – अत्यंत आवश्यक ;
Lofty = notable – उल्लेखनीय;
Eternally = for ever – सदा के लिए;
Entails = involves as a consequence – के परिणामस्वरूप |
A.2. On the basis of your reading of the passage, complete the following statements.
Answer:
(a) According to the author, the two ways of dealing with people one doesn’t like are
_________________
_________________
Answer:
(i) kill all the people and move freely
(ii) tolerate such people
(b) The author prefers ________ of the above two ways because _________________
Answer:
The author prefers second of the above two ways because it is on the whole way of the democracies.
(c) According to the author, the most essential human trait for building a civilised world is ________ because _________________
Answer:
According to the author, the most essential human trait for building a civilised world is tolerance because future may be built.
(d) The author does not believe in military action and ideals because
_________________
_________________
Answer:
(i) It involves killing of thousands of people.
(ii) They may not have been mattered if world was empty.
(e) The author feels that tolerance is probably a more desirable virtue than love because _________________
Answer:
The author feels that tolerance is probably a more desirable virtue than love because it is survived by the virtue of tolerance.
(f) The author calls tolerance ‘a desirable spiritual exercise’ because _________________
Answer:
The author calls tolerance ‘a desirable spiritual exercise’ because we have to put ourselves at other’s place.
A.3. Complete the web chart given below by filling in the blurbs with the negative traits and characteristics that will have to be avoided for a better and a civilized world.
Answer:
A.4. Read the extracts from ‘On Tolerance’ given below and tick (✓) the option that explains the extract best.
(a) ‘… they are tumbling over each other’:
(i) people are falling over each other.
(ii) people contradict/oppose each other’s ideals and point of views.
(iii) people push each other deliberately.
Answer:
(ii) people contradict/oppose each other’s ideals and point of views.
(b) By ‘one nation is mixed up with another, one city cannot be separated from its neighbour’, the author means:
(i) nations and people are very friendly, so they cannot be separated.
(ii) national and international boundaries are not clearly defined, so nations and people cannot be separated.
(iii) people of all castes and creeds live together so they cannot be separated.
Answer:
(iii) people of all castes and creeds live together so they cannot be separated.
(c) ‘… you are the salt of the earth’:
(i) you are loyal to the land.
(ii) you eat the salt extracted from the earth.
(iii) you are a very good and honest person.
Answer:
(i) you are loyal to the land.
(d) By the phrase ‘overcrowded and overheated planet’, the author means:
(i) the world is overpopulated and so the temperature has risen.
(ii) the world has people of all castes and creeds and so is more prone to arguments and fights.
(iii) global warming has affected the climate of the overpopulated countries.
Answer:
(ii) the world has people of all castes and creeds and so is more prone to arguments and fights.
A.5. HOTS
(a) The author says, Tolerance is not the same as weakness. Putting up with people doesn’t mean giving in to them.’ Discuss with your friends and find out the difference between ‘tolerance’ and ‘weakness’.
(b) Given below are a few situations. Find out which of these suggest tolerance and which of these imply weakness.
Situation 1
A man sitting next to you in a restaurant is smoking. You are allergic to smoke. But you do not object.
Solution:
Tolerance
Situation 2
You see a man snatching away a beggar’s coins. You do not raise alarm and keep quiet.
Solution:
Weakness
Situation 3
A classmate of your younger brother eats his lunch Tolerance everyday. You do not complain.
Solution:
Tolerance
Situation 4
You are travelling in a bus and preparing for a class test. Your co-passenger is talking loudly on his mobile phone. You do not object and keep on reading your chapter silently.
Solution:
Tolerance
Situation 5
You are standing in a queue waiting for your bus. Man pushes you and another old gentleman standing beside you breaks the queue and jumps into the bus. You keep Tolerance silent.
Answer:
For self-attempt.
A.6. Work with your partner and complete the table given below by filling in the questions raised in the essay ‘On Tolerance’ and the suggested solutions.
Solution:
| Questions Raised | Suggested Solutions |
| 1.What should be done to the people whom you don’t like? | Tolerate them. |
| 2. I Why are people so deaf about the situations? | Put yourself in someone else’s place. |
A.7. Values
Newspapers are replete with reports of horrendous terrorist attacks. Such attack hinder human progress and are a serious threat to human existence. According to E.M. Forster, tolerance is the only virtue which can save mankind. Do you agree? Justify your stand.
Answer:
Terrorist attacks take place chiefly due to the intolerance of the attackers. If something wrong against somebody or some nation happens, people do not tolerate it and got infuriated. As a result they tend to take revenge and resort to terrorist attacks. A number of innocent people lose their lives and become homeless only due to the intolerance. If people try to resolve any issue amicably and peacefully, no terrorist attack would take place.
A.8. Group Discussion
The essay ‘On Tolerance’ was written after the World War II. You might be familiar with the reasons behind the War. Discuss these reasons in the class. Could the war have been avoided if the nations were more ‘tolerant?
Answer:
For self-attempt.
A.9. Read the following news report.
Original Bias: Racial Hatred Growing in US
Washington: The racial background or religious affiliation is a deep rooted problem in the US, with nearly 32 million people reporting that they have been racially profiled, a human rights group has said.
The report by Amnesty International, USA, also said at least 87 million people- one in three-in the US are at high risk of being victimised because they belong to a racial, ethnic or religious group whose members are commonly targeted by police for unlawful stops and searches.
Now prepare a speech to be delivered in the morning assembly on the topic ‘Tolerance – The Need of the Hour’.
You can include in your speech some of the quotations given below:
- Tolerance is essential for mankind.
- Without tolerance even love would perish.
- Tolerance is a positive and constructive effort to understand others’ beliefs, practices and habits without necessarily sharing or accepting them.
- The highest aim of education is inculcating tolerance.
- Tolerance does not imply lack of commitment to one’s own beliefs. It only condemns the oppression or persecution of others.
- Tolerance is a lubricant which removes friction from life.
- Tolerance enables co-existence.
- Tolerance alone can sustain a shaky truce.
Answer:
Good Morning, Respected Principal, worthy teachers and my fellow friends!
Today the world is going through a critical position where war, ill-will, jealousy, hatred, etc. is existing. One man does not like other. In such a situation, we need tolerance which is the basis of humanity. Without it, love cannot grow. Tolerance allows us to accept people. It needs to be spread among people through education. Only educated people can differentiate between the good and the evil. He has the capacity to tolerate. He does not condemn others. People can live together in one world. Only through tolerance, the world of love and brotherhood is developed.
Thanks
A.10. The excerpt you have read in this unit has been taken from an essay by E.M. Forster. An essay is a written composition to express one’s personal ideas or opinions on some topic. Essays can be of various types:
Answer:
See My English Reader, page 137.
A.11. You have read about various types of essays. Under which of these categories do you think ‘On Tolerance’ falls ? Give reasons to justify your choice.
Answer:
It is reflective in nature. It presents an important issue of tolerance needed by the society. One who has the capacity to tolerate can do anything in this world. A civilized nation may be built on the basis of tolerance. In it one’s personal views on social or other important issues has been presented.
A.12. Group Work
Get into groups of four. You have to prepare a scrap book (collection) of various types of essays (at least two of each of the five categories). Try to find essays from newspapers (the editorial page), weekly/monthly magazines, or from the internet. Your scrap book should also have a few essays by some famous essayists, such as Bacon, Addison and Hazlitt. Also, do not forget to write in points (as in the table in A. 10.) the issues, questions and solutions discussed in each essay.
These scrap books should then be circulated among all the groups for reading.
Answer:
For self-attempt.
B
B.1. Look into a theasures and find out the antonyms of ‘tolerance’.
Answer:
Given below are some words. Tick (✓) the ones you would associate with ‘tolerance’.
Answer:
mercy
patience
sensitivity
open-mindedness
B.2. The twenty-first century we live ¡n is marked by growing intolerance. People of different castes and creeds cannot even stand each other, let alone loving each other. Virtues like sensitivity, mercy and patience have been replaced by arrogance and rash behaviour. Tolerance is the only hope. Read the poem ‘The Cold Within’ and find out how important tolerance is, not just for co existing but for existing.
Answer:
To read only.
B.3. On the basis of your understanding of the poem, complete the following summary by filling the blanks with one word only.
Six people got __________ in severe __________ and took shelter in a room. The fire inside the room was __________ . Each of the six people had a log of _________ which could keep them warm.
The first woman did not give her _______ as she noticed a _______ person sitting next to her. She could not tolerate her log being used to warm a black person.
The second person, too, held back his log as he saw a man of another _________ in the group. He did not want his piece of log to warm him.
The __________ man sitting in the room hated the idea of his log providing any warmth to the rich. Similarly, the __________ man kept aloof and only thought of keeping his __________ safe from the ___________ .
The black man’s face full of __________ against the man and so he did not put his log in the tire place.
The last man in the group believed in helping only those who ________ him something in return. So, he too, kept his log with himself.
The next day all the six people were found ___________ with their logs held tightly in their ___________ . Their intolerance and hatred for each other had cost them their lives. It was not the cold ___________ that had killed them. Rather, it was the coldness in their hearts that had taken their lives.
Answer:
Six people got trapped in severe cold and took shelter in a room. The fire inside the room was dying. Each of the six people had a log of wood which could keep them warm.
The first woman did not give her wood as she noticed a black person sitting next to her. She could not tolerate her log being used to warm a black person.
The second person, too, held back his log as he saw a man of another church in the group. He did not want his piece of log to warm him.
The poor man sitting in the room hated the idea of his log providing any warmth to the rich. Similarly, the rich man kept aloof and only thought of keeping his wood safe from the poor.
The black man’s face full of revenge against the white man and so he did not put his log in the fire place.
The last man in the group believed in helping only those who give him something in return. So, he too, kept his log with himself.
The next day all the six people were found dead with their logs held tightly in their hands. Their intolerance and hatred for each other had cost them their lives. It was not the cold without that had killed them. Rather, it was the coldness in their hearts that had taken their lives.
B.4. On the basis of your understanding of the poem, complete the statements given below.
(a) The man sitting next to the woman ‘could not bring himself to give the fire his stick.’ What does ‘could not bring himself mean? ________
Answer:
The man sitting next to the woman ‘could not bring himself to give the fire his stick.’ What does ‘could not bring himself mean? The man did not allow another man to give his stick.
(b) The poor man gave his coat a hitch’ means _________
Answer:
The poor man gave his coat a hitch’ means he pulled his coat with proud.
(c) The black man wanted to take revenge on ________
Answer:
The black man wanted to take revenge on white so he did not give his wood.
(d) The poet calls the group ‘forlorn’ because _________
Answer:
The poet calls the group ‘forlorn’ because those people were without any hope, yet they were in pitiful condition.
(e) ‘Human sin’ in the last stanza refers to _________
Answer:
‘Human sin’ in the last stanza refers to sin conducted by six men.
(f) ‘Cold without’ refers to ________
Answer:
‘Cold without’ refers to without cold.
(g) ‘Cold within’ refers to _________
Answer:
‘Cold within’ refers to the coldness which was inside the hearts of these six people.
B.5. HOTS
Discuss with your friends – Could the six people have avoided their tragic death? If yes, how? Write your answer in the space provided below.
Answer:
I think these people could have escaped their tragic end if only they had been able to tolerate each other. They might have thought about it from the humanitarian aspect.
B.6. Life Sills
Answer:
For Self-attempt.
B.7. Read the newspaper clipping given below.
Teenager Stabs Friends for Not Allowing Him to Share Notes
August 20, New Delhi: A 14 year-old boy stabbed his friend with a paper cutter for not having allowed him to share his notes. Growing intolerance among teenagers has become a cause of concern for parents.
Imagine yourself as Rachna. You feel concerned about growing intolerance amongst teenagers. Write a letter to the editor of a daily newspaper highlighting the importance of tolerance in daily life.
Answer:
K – 293, Jawahar Park,
Deoli Road,
Khanpur
24th July 20XX
The Editor
The Times of India
K.G. Marg
Delhi
Sub.: Growing intolerance amongst teenagers
Sir
Through the column of your esteemed newspaper I would like to express my concern about growing intolerance amongst teenagers. These days we see the cases of numerous incidents relating to murders that occur due to intolerance. But such things lead to chaos and anarchy in the society.
But the teenagers must have the capacity to tolerate. It would automatically lead to peace. There is need to spread education among people so that they will develop the capacity to tolerate. It will make our society a better place to live in.
Yours truly
Rachna
C
C.1. Read carefully.
Swamin Vivekanand had once said-
‘Violence, bigotry, sectarianism have long possessed this beautiful earth. Had there been more tolerance, human society would have been far more advanced than it is now. ’
Need for imbibing the virtue of tolerance cannot be ignored if we want to prosper. Thus, to spread this message certain non-governmental organisations have come together to form The Tolerance Foundation’ that works to confront all forms of intolerance.
Listen to the audio CD titled “Listen & Comprehend’ (Class-VIII). After listening, answer the questions asked in the audio CD orally. Listen to the tap script once again and attempt the given questions. The tape script is also given on page 130. The tape script is given on page no. 150.
On the basis of your listening to the information about the Tolerance Foundation, complete the pomphlet given below.
Answer:
(a) What is Tolerance Foundation?
- It is a non-profit, non-governmental organisation.
- It is an open fellowship of people who wish to implement positive changes in society by the means of honesty and non-violence.
(b) Who are the members?
- teachers
- theologists
- journalists
- psychologists
- social workers
- retired people
- students
(c) Who can join the Foundation?
Citizens who:
- believe that the initiative of ordinary people has its purpose.
- aim at mutual toleraiice and respect among people.
(d) The Foundation’s activities are:
- public meetings designed to react to immediate need.
- concerts against racism.
- social and psycho-therapeutic projects that help people afflicted by violence.
- publications for children and adolescents and conduct educational activities.
- holding research, seminars and exhibitions.
C.2. Discuss with your partner how you can spread this message of mutual tolerance and respect among your friends and relatives. If you were given an opportunity to be a member of The Tolerance Foundation’, what would you do to implement positive changes in the society?
Answer:
If I become a member of the Tolerance Foundation, I would spread the message of peace and love. I would give examples from the history which resulted in wars because of intolerance. I would make pamphlets, banner etc to spread the message of peace.
C.3. It is said that ‘Charity begins at home’. While spreading the message of mutual tolerance, do not forget to be tolerant yourself! Can you think of a few things/situations/ circumstances where you need to be more tolerant? List a few of them below.
Answer:
(a) I think I need to be more tolerant while standing in a queue for drinking water.
(b) Standing in a queue for depositing bills.
(c) Standing in a queue at railway station.
(d) When my sister disturbs me while working.
(e) When my neighbour plays radio in loud volume.
C.4. For self-attempt.
C.5. Imagine you are Reema Sharma, head girl of your school. Your school is observing tolerance week. Write a notice in not more than 50 words informing the students about the same. Provide all necessary details like dates, activities etc.
Answer:
DAV MODEL SCHOOL
NOTICE
3rd April, 20XX
Tolerance Week
DAV is observing tolerance week from 10th April to 15th April, 20XX During this period no students will quarrel with any one over any minor or major issue. Besides a drama based on the theme Tolerance’ will be staged on 15th April, 20XX. The interested students to participate in the drama may kindly give their names to the undersigned.
Reena Sharma
Head Girl
D.
Tolerance Summary
This extract is written by Sri Sri Ravi Shankar. He says that today people neither accept others nor tolerate them. Tolerance is a virtue. But it is also a negative term. If we like something, we do not tolerate it. It can change even into hatred also. It indicates a sense of separateness, small mindedness and so on.
The writer believes that acceptance and tolerance come along with judgement and separation. He then raises the question, “Whether we should accept people as they are”. Then he answers, if we do not love such people then we have to accept them. He says that we should love people as they are.
यह अनुच्छेद श्री श्री रविशंकर द्वारा लिखी गई है। उनका कहना है कि आज लोग न दूसरों को स्वीकार करते हैं और न उन्हें सहन करते हैं। सहनशीलता एक गुण है। यह एक नकारात्मक तथ्य भी है। यदि हम किसी को पसन्द करते हैं तो हम उसे सहते नहीं हैं। यह नफरत में भी बदल सकता है। यह अलगाव, संकुचित सोच इत्यादि के बारे में प्रेरित करता है ।
लेखक का कहना है कि स्वीकारोक्ति तथा सहनशीलता निर्णय तथा अलगाव के साथ आते हैं। प्रश्न उठता है कि क्या हमें लोगों को वैसे ही स्वीकार करना चाहिए जैसे वे हैं । लेखक उत्तर देता है कि यदि हम लोगों को प्रेम नहीं करते तो हमें उन्हें स्वीकार करना पड़ता है। वह कहता है कि हमें लोगों को वैसे ही प्रेम करना चाहिए जैसे वे हैं।
Word – Meanings:
Judgement = to make sensible decisions – बुद्धिमतापूर्ण निर्णय करने की योग्यता;
Accept = to agree to take something – स्वीकार या ग्रहण करना;
Indicate = point out – संकेत करना;
Separateness = seclusion – अलगाव।