These DAV Class 7 SST Notes and DAV Class 7 SST Chapter 18 Notes – Democracy and Equality hold significant importance as study material for students.
Democracy and Equality Class 7 DAV Notes
→ India gained freedom from the British rule on 15 August, 1947 after a long and difficult struggle.
→ A Constitution was framed for independent India. It came into effect on 26 January 1950.
→ The preamble to our Constitution states the aims and objectives of our Constitution. Each government is supposed to keep these in mind while making laws.
→ The constitution of India is a written document. It lays down powers and functions of the government. It guarantees equality to all citizens and thus establishes a rule of non-discrimination by the state in every sphere.
→ Our Constitution has granted Universal Adult Franchise i.e., Right to Vote to everyone, who is above 18 years of age without any discrimination of caste, colour, religion or language.
→ The people of India cast their votes and elect their representatives for a fixed period. These representatives run the government according to the wishes of the people.
→ Elections are held every five years. Many political parties participate in elections. The party or a combination of parties that gets the majority forms the government.
→ The leader of the party or a person, whom the combination of parties support, becomes the Prime Minister. A party or the combination of parties, that fail to get majority of seats in the election, perform the role of opposition. It keeps a check on the ruling government.
→ Our Constitution has entrusted the government with the responsibility of providing social, economic and political equality to all in order to make Indian democracy highly successful.
→ Our Constitution gives us the right to Equality. But unfortunately thousands of people are still struggling for equality.
→ Reservation with special facilities is given to the weaker sections to ensure their proportionate share in all walks of life so that they could live a life of respect and dignity.
→ The government of India has implemented the provisions of the Constitution given under the Right to Equality in two ways- Many laws have been made to protect the Right to Equality, many programmes and schemes have been launched for SCs/STs and OBCs.
→ Reservation has been provided to the weaker sections of the society in order to liberate them from oppression and backwardness.
→ Our government has also adopted various measures to provide education, employment, etc.
→ Literacy programmes like operation Black Board etc. have gained propularity. Mid-day meals have been started to increase the enrolement in schools.
→ Special steps have been taken for tribal and rural children to include them in developmental programmes.
→ Preamble : An introduction to the Indian Constitution containing the philosophy on which the entire Constitution has been built.
→ Constitution : A set of regulations that a set of people have made and agreed upon.
→ Fraternity : Feeling of brotherhood.
→ Liberty : Freedom to live as one chooses without too many restrictions from government or authority.
→ Secular: Freedom to follow any religion. There is no official religion.
→ Sovereign : Right to make decision on external as well as internal matters. No external power can dictate the government of India.
→ Universal Adult Franchise : Right to vote to everyone who is above 18 years of age without any discrimination of caste, colour, creed, religion, region or language.
→ Community : People living together sharing common interests.
→ Democracy : A kind of system where people have supreme power. They rule through their representatives.
→ Opposition : All parties other than the party/parties in power.
→ Representative : A person elected/chosen to act or speak on behalf of the people for a fixed period.
→ Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribes : Disadvantaged groups enlisted in Article 341 of the Indian Constitution.