These DAV Class 6 Science Notes and DAV Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Notes – Nature of Matter act as excellent revision resources, particularly in preparation for board exams.
Nature of Matter Class 6 DAV Notes
→ Matter: Anything which has mass and occupies space is called matter.
→ Types of Matter: Based on the physical state, matter can be divided into three types, viz. solid, liquid and gas.
- Solid: Solid has definite volume and definite shape. The particles in solid are tightly packed and cannot move.
- Liquid: Liquid has definite volume but indefinite shape. A liquid takes the shape of the container in which it is kept. The particles in liquid are less tightly packed and they can move a little.
- Gas: Gas has indefinite volume and indefinite shape.
The particles in gas are not held together and hence can move far from each other.
→ Properties Of Matter
→ Transparency: The property of a material to allow light to pass through it is called transparency. We can see through a transparent material. Glass, thin plastic and water are examples of transparent material.
→ Opaque: Some materials do not allow light to pass through them. Such materials are called opaque. We cannot see through an opaque material. Brick, wood, thick plastic, etc. are examples of opaque materials.
→ Floating and Sinking: Some materials can float on water, while some others sink in water. Materials which are lighter than water float on water. Styrofoam, cork, wood, etc. float on water.
→ Diffusion: When particles of two materials mix on their own, this process is called diffusion. Diffusion takes place due to free movement of particles of materials. The smell of a flower comes even from a distance because of diffusion. Diffusion happens at a faster rate in gases and at a slower rate in liquids. Solids do not diffuse with each other.
→ Dissolution: When a substance completely mixes with another substance, this process is called dissolution. In this case, the substance which is in smaller quantity is called solute and the substance in larger quantity is called solvent.
→ Water: Water can dissolve most of the substances. Hence, water is known as universal solvent.
→ Solubility: If a substance can be dissolved in another substance, we say that the first substance is soluble in the second substance. Solubility increases with increase in temperature.
→ Saturation: The relative amount of a solute in a given volume of a solvent is called its saturation.
→ Saturated Solution: When no more of a substance can be dissolved in the given volume of a solvent, the solution is called a saturated solution.
→ Unsaturated Solution: When more amount of a substance can be dissolved in the given volume of a solvent, the solution is called an unsaturated solution.
→ Miscible Liquid: When two liquids can mix together to form a solution, they are called miscible liquids.
→ Immiscible Liquid: When liquids cannot mix together to form a solution, they are called immiscible liquids.
→ Mass: The quantity of matter in a substance is called its mass.
→ Volume: The space occupied by a matter is called its volume.
→ Classification: Grouping of things on the basis of similarities is called classification.
→ Solid: The physical state of matter which has definite shape and volume.
→ Liquid: The physical state of matter which has definite volume but indefinite shape.
→ Gas: The physical state of matter which has indefinite volume and shape.
→ Diffusion: Mixing of particles of two substances on their own is called diffusion.
→ Dissolution: Mixing of particles of one substance with another substance to form a solution is called dissolution.
→ Solvent: In case of a solution, the substance in greater quantity is called solvent.
→ Solute: In case of a solution, the substance in smaller quantity is called solute. Man-made/Synthesic materials: The materials which are prepared by man.
→ Natural materials: Materials which occur naturally.
→ Unsaturated Solution: When in a given solution, more solute could be dissolved; it is called unsaturated solution.
→ Soluble: If a substance can be dissolved in a given solvent; the substance is called soluble in that solvent.
→ Insoluble: If a substance cannot be dissolved in a given solvent; the substance is called insoluble in that solvent.