Tamilnadu State Board Class 10 English Vocabulary Expanded form of Abbreviation, Acronyms & Contractions
♦ Expanded Form Of Abbreviation, Acronyms & Contractions (TextBook Page No. : 131-133)
Abbreviations and acronyms are shortened forms of words or phrases. An abbreviation is typically a shortened form of words used to represent the whole (such as Dr. or Prof.) while an acronym contains a set of initial letters from a phrase that usually form another word (such as radar or scuba).
Abbreviations and acronyms are often interchanged, yet the two are quite distinct. The main point of reference is that abbreviations are merely a series of letters while acronyms form new words.
We use contractions (I’m, we’re) in everyday speech and informal writing. Contractions, which are sometimes called ‘short forms’, commonly combine a pronoun or noun and a verb, or a verb and not, in a shorter form.
Contractions with I, you, he, she, it, we, and they
‘m = am (I’m)
’re = are (you’re, we’re, they’re)
’s = is and has (he’s, she’s, it’s)
’ve = have (’ve, you’ve, we’ve, they’ve)
’ll = will (I’ll, you’ll, he’ll, she’ll, it’ll, we’ll, they’ll)
’d = had and would (I’d, you’d, he’d, she’d, it’d, we’d, they’d)
Contractions with auxiliary verb and not The contraction for not is n’t:
aren’t = are not (we aren’t, you aren’t)
can’t = cannot
couldn’t = could not
didn’t = did not (I didn’t, they didn’t)
We can abbreviate the following:
Titles before names:
Mr. = Mister (for men) (plural – Misters) Mrs. = Mistress (for women)
Prof. = Professor (plural – Profs.)
St. = Saint (plural – Sts.)
Rev. = Reverend (plural – Revs.)
Hon. = Honourable (plural – Hons.)
Jr. =unior
Pres. = President
Names of a Few Objects:
VCR = Videocassette Recorder
CD = Compact Disc
DVD = Digital Video/Versatile Disk
GPS = Global Positioning System
VR = Virtual reality
AR = Augmented Reality
TV = Television
Words used with numbers:
a.m. = ante meridiem (before noon)
p.m. = post meridiem (after noon)
A.D. = anno domini
B.C.E. = before common era
C.E. = common era
Common Latin terms:
etc. = et cetera (and*so forth)
i.e. = id est(that is)
e.g. = exempligratia (for example)
et al. = et alii (and others)
vs. = versus
Terms of mathematical units:
ft = feet
ft2 = square feet
kg = kilogram
km = kilometre
mm = millimetre
ml = millilitre
°F = degrees Fahrenheit
°C = degrees Celsius
Names of Familiar Institutions:
CBI = Central Bureau of Investigation
IB = Intelligence Bureau
IMF = International Monetary Fund
UN = United Nations
EC = Election Commission
EU = European Union
IIT = Indian Institute of Technology
Names of Countries:
USA = United Stated of America
UK = United Kingdom
UAE = United Arab Emirates
Long, common phrases
IQ = Intelligence Quotient
mph = miles per hour
mpg = miles per gallon
Abbreviation
- Abbreviation refers to any shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase.
- Some abbreviations are not pronounced as new words.
- But not every abbreviation is an acronym.
Abbreviation | Expansion |
AICTE | All India Council for Technical Education |
ATM | Automated Teller Machine |
B.Tech | Bachelor of Technology |
B.E. | Bachelor of Engineering |
B.Sc | Bachelor of Science |
BA | Bachelor of Arts |
BBC | British Broadcasting Corporation |
BPO | Business Process Outsourcing |
BSNL | Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited |
CA | Chartered Accountant |
CBI | Central Bureau of Investigation |
CCTV | Closed-Circuit Television |
DTH | Direct To Home |
EMI | Equated Monthly Installment |
FIR | First Information Report |
HIV | Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
IAS | Indian Administrative Service |
ICU | Intensive Care Unit |
IIT | Indian Institute of Technology |
ILO | International Labour Organization |
ISI | Indian Standard Institute |
1ST | Indian Standard Time |
KPO | Knowledge Process Outsourcing |
LCD | Liquid Crystal Display |
LED | Light Emitting Diode |
L1C | Life Insurance Corporation of India |
LPG | Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
M.B.B.S. | Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery |
MNC | Multi-National Corporation / Company |
NGO | Non-Governmental Organization |
NRI | Non-Resident Indian |
PA | Personal Assistant / Postal Assistant |
POW | Prisoners of War |
PS | Personal Secretary / PostScript |
RPF | Railway Protection Force |
RRB | Railway Recruitment Board |
SBI | State Bank of India |
SHG | Self Help Group (for women) |
SMS | Short Message Service |
ssc | Staff Selection Commission |
STD | Subscriber Trunk Dialling |
SR | Southern Railways |
TNPSC | Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission |
TRB | Teachers Recruitment Board |
UAE | United Arab Emirates |
UFO | Unidentified Flying Object |
UGC | University Grants Commission |
UPS | Uninterrupted Power Supply |
USA | United State of America |
WTC | World Trade Centre |
WWW | World Wide Web |
Exercises
Choose the expanded form of the abbreviation :
Question 1.
The common expansion of CCTV is :
(a) Charged Channel Television
(b) Closed Channel Television
(c) Closed-Circuit Television
(d) Checked-Circuit Television
Answer:
(c) Closed-Circuit Television
Question 2.
The common expansion of SSC is:
(a) State Subordinate Commission
(b) Staff Selection Commission
(c) State School Certificate
(d) School System Common
Answer:
(b) Staff Selection Commission
Question 3.
The common expansion of TNPSC is:
(a) Tamil Nadu Police Service Commission
(b) Tamil Nadu Public Service Committee
(c) Tamil Nadu People Service Commission
(d) Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission
Answer:
(d) Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission
Question 4.
The common expansion of SBI is:
(a) Selection Board of India
(b) Selection Bureau of India
(c) State Bank of India
(d) Security Board of India
Answer:
(c) State Bank of India
Question 5.
The common expansion of CA is:
(a) Chief Accountant
(b) Central Accountant
(c) Central Army
(d) Chartered Accountant
Answer:
(d) Chartered Accountant
Question 6.
The common expansion of IAS is:
(a) Indian Administrative Service
(b) Indian Armed Service
(c) Indian Army Service
(d) Indian Agricultural Service
Answer:
(a) Indian Administrative Service
Question 7.
The common expansion of TPC is:
(a) Integrated Police Council
(b) Indian Penal Code
(‘) Independent Police Corps
(d) International Public Census
Answer:
(b) Indian Penal Code
Question 8.
The common expansion of BPT is:
(a) Bachelor of Pure Therapy
(b) Bachelor of Physiotherapy
(c) Bachelor of Post Treatment
(d) Bachelor of Poverty Treatment
Answer:
(b) Bachelor of Physiotherapy
Question 9.
The common expansion of TC is:
(a) Training Card
(b) Train Concession
(c) Transfer Certificate
(d) Transfer Code
Answer:
(c) Transfer Certificate
Question 10.
The common expansion of SR is:
(a) Suburban Railways
(b) Standard Railways
(c) Southern Railways
(d) Steam Railways
Answer:
(c) Southern Railways
Question 11.
The common expansion of KPO is:
(a) Kinetic Potential Output
(b) Knowledge Process Outsourcing
(c) Keen Programme Observation
(d) Knowledge Performance Outcome
Answer:
(b) Knowledge Process Outsourcing
Question 12.
The common expansion of ATM is:
(a) Automatic Teller Machine
(b) Automated Teller Machine
(c) Automatic Typing Machine
(d) Automated Telling Man
Answer:
(b) Automated Teller Machine
Question 13.
The common expansion of RRB is:
(a) Rails and Reservation Board
(b) Record and Revenue Bank
(c) Railway Recruitment Board
(d) Roadways and Railways Bureau
Answer:
(c) Railway Recruitment Board
Question 14.
The common expansion of BPO is:
(a) Bank Process Outsourcing
(b) Better Process Outsourcing
(c) Business Process Outsourcing
(d) Boyle Process Outsourcing
Answer:
(c) Business Process Outsourcing
Question 15.
The common expansion of ILO is:
(a) International Law and Order
(b) International Labour Organisation
(c) Indian Legal Orientation
(d) Inter-state Lawful Ordinance
Answer:
(b) International Labour Organisation
Question 16.
The common expansion of PA?
(a) Personal Ambassador
(b) Private Affair
(c) Personal Assistant
(d) Public Apartment
Answer:
(c) Personal Assistant
Question 17.
The common expansion of SMS?
(a) Simple Message Service
(b) Simple and Minimum Service
(c) Short Message Service
(d) Short Membership Service
Answer:
(c) Short Message Service
Question 18.
The common expansion of IOB is:
(a) International Overseas Banking
(b) Indian Organisation of Banks
(c) Indian Overseas Bank
(d) Indian Origin of Banks
Answer:
(c) Indian Overseas Bank
Question 19.
The common expansion of WHO is:
(a) Western Health Organisation
(b) Western Hemisphere Ocean
(c) World Health Organisation
(d) World Heritage Organisation
Answer:
(c) World Health Organisation
Question 20.
The common expansion of UFO is:
(a) Unidentified Foreign Object
(b) Unidentified Flying Object
(c) Universal Force Organisation
(d) United Federal Organisation
Answer:
(b) Unidentified Flying Object
Acronym
- Acronym is a type of abbreviation where a new word is formed from the first letters of a series of words.
- Pronounced as a separate word,
- All acronyms are abbreviations.
AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AIR – All India Radio
BHEL – Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
CAT – Common Admission Test
FIFA – Federation of International Football Association
IGNOU – Indira Gandhi National Open University
INSAT – Indian National Satellite
ISRO – Indian Space Research Organisation
LAN – Local Area Network
NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
OTP – One Time Password
PAN – Permanent Account Number
PIN – Postal Index Number
RADAR – Radio Detecting and Ranging
RAM – Random Access Memory
ROM – Read Only Memory
SAI – Sports Authority of India
SAIL – Steel Authority of India Limited
SAT – Standard Assessment Task (British), Scholastic Aptitude Test (USA)
SIM – Subscriber Identification Module
TAPE – Tractor and Farm Equipment Limited
TANCET – Tamil Nadu Common Entrance Test
TANSI – Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation
TET – Teacher Eligibility Test
TOEFL – Test of English as a Foreign Language
VAT – Value Added Tax
WHO – World Health Organization
Exercises
Choose the expanded form of the abbreviation:
Question 1.
The common expansion of INSAT is:
(a) International Satellite
(b) Integrated Space and Technology Work
(c) Indian National Satellite
(d) Independent Satellite Track
Answer:
(c) Indian National Satellite
Question 2.
The common expansion of AIR is:
(a) All India Railways
(b) All India Rivers
(c) All India Radio
(d) All Indian Religions
Answer:
(c) All India Radio
Question 3.
The common expansion of RAM is:
(a) Read Only Memory
(b) Read Access Memory
(c) Rapid Accurate Memory
(d) Random Access Memory
Answer:
(d) Random Access Memory
Question 4.
The common expansion of ISRO is
(a) International Satellite Research Organisation
(b) Indian Space Research Organisation
(c) Indian Social Reforms Organisation
(d) Indian Southern Railway Organisation
Answer:
(b) Indian Space Research Organisation
Question 5.
The common expansion of CAT is:
(a) Common Aptitude Test
(b) Computer Aptitude Test
(c) Computer Accuracy Test
(d) Computer Accessories Test
Answer:
(a) Common Aptitude Test
Question 7.
The common expansion of PIN is:
(a) Population Index Number
(b) Postal Index Number
(c) Poor Identification Notice
(d) Physics Internal Note
Answer:
(b) Postal Index Number
Question 8.
The common expansion of LAN is:
(a) Local Available Network
(b) Local Area Node
(c) Local Area Network
(d) Large Area Network
Answer:
(c) Local Area Network
Question 9.
The common expansion of RADAR is:
(a) Radio Digital Accurate Report
(b) Radio Defect And Rectification
(c) Radio Digital And Range
(d) Radio Deduction And Ranging
Answer:
(d) Radio Deduction And Ranging
Question 10.
The common expansion of VAT is:
(a) Value Audit Trade
(b) Valves And Tubes
(ç) Value Added Tax
(d) Value Access Track
Answer:
(c) Value Added Tax
Question 11.
The common expansion of GATE is:
(a) General Aptitude Test in Electronics
(b) Graduate Aptitude Test in Electronics
(c) Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering
(d) General Aptitude Test in Engineering
Answer:
(c) Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering
Question 12.
The common expansion of FERA is:
(a) Federal Railway Act
(b) Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
(c) Federal Eastern Railways Administration
(d) Foreign Exchange Regional Act
Answer:
(b) Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
Contractions
Exercises
Choose the correct expansion of the following contractions.
Question 1.
Won’t
(a) Will not
(b) Would not
(c) Woo not
Answer:
(a) will not
Question 2.
Must’ve
(a) Must give
(b) Must have
(c) Must live
Answer:
(b) must have
Question 3.
I’d
(a) I would
(b) I do
(c) I did
Answer:
(a) I would
Question 4.
She’s
(a) She sees
(b) She does
(c) She is
Answer:
(c) She is
Question 5.
Who’s
(a) Whose
(b) Who has
(c) Who does
Answer:
(b) Who has