These DAV Class 7 SST Notes and DAV Class 7 SST Chapter 7 Notes – Human Environment hold significant importance as study material for students.
Human Environment Class 7 DAV Notes
→ Human environment is related to settlements, transportation and communication. Settlement is the primary residence of human society. In ancient times, human beings didn’t have permanent settlement. They were mobile people and, therefore, their settlements were temporary.
→ Slowly and steadily they developed their ways, learnt the methods of farming and different skills. With these developments they ceased to live in temporary settlements. Instead, they built permanent shelters. They also domesticated animals and began wearing clothes made of fibre.
→ Once they started living in permanent settlements, they never looked back. They improved their life with the help of science and technology. They also modified their natural environment as per their needs.
→ Their interference gradually increased that adversely affected the natural environment. The growth of towns and cities as well as industrialisation have shrunk the green belt area.
→ Permanent settlements developed due to several factors such as- availabality of water, relief features and special sites. Water is an important resource for the growth of towns and villages. So far relief features are concerned plains always have been the most favourable locations for the establishment of settlements.
→ Transportation was not at all developed in the pre-historic times. In those days people travelled on foot. With the invention of wheel came the bullock carts. With the development of science and technology, transport and communication facilities have grown rapidly.
→ A good transport network helps the people to move from one place to another which also influences the social development. Transport system connects cities and towns with one another. It also helps to open-up remote areas to the world.
→ There are five main modes of transportation- roadways, railways, waterways, airways and pipelines. Roadways provide door to door services. Roads help in the transportation of perishable items. Railways are called the lifelines of a country. It is used for the movement of bulky goods and large number of passengers for longer distances.
→ Waterways are the cheapest modes of transportation for heavy and bulky goods. Airways, on the other hand, are the costliest means of transportation. They are highly suitable for those areas where railways and roadways cannot be constructed because of difficult terrain.
→ Pipelines are the recent modes of transport. They are being used for the transportation of liquid and gaseous materials.
→ Communication can be at personal as well as at mass level. Communication networks have become very important for exchanging knowledge and ideas which, in turn, contribute to the economic development. Television, radio, cellphone, pen drive, computer, etc. all means of communication.
→ Settlement: A cluster of houses or groups of houses.
→ Transportation : The act of moving people or goods from one place to another.
→ Communication : Exchange of ideas and views from one person to another.
→ Compact settlements : Large number of houses are built very close to each other. Generally, the communities are closely knit and share common occupations.
→ Dispersed settlements : Houses are spaced far apart and often interspersed with fields.
→ Internet : Electronic digital world for communicating information over computer networks without physical movement of the sender or receiver.
→ Metropolitan city : An urban settlement which has a population of more than one million.
→ Town : An urban settlement where majority of people are engaged in secondary activities, such as manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail and some other professional services.