Laxmi

The compilation of these Globe-Latitudes and Longitudes Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Latitudes and Longitudes

Did you know, that there is a way for you to see the entire world at a glance? Surprised? Yes, with the help of a globe, one can see the entire earth at a glance. Not just the different continents and oceans, you can even see the different lines like latitudes and longitudes on the globe. But, what is this globe, and what are the latitudes and longitudes? Let’s find out more about Globe – Latitudes and Longitudes.

Introduction to Globe

A globe is a true model of the earth, in a very compact form. In a globe, there is a needle called the axis that is fixed through the globe in a tilted manner. This axis of the globe passes through two extreme points: known as the Poles (the North Pole and the South Pole). The axis is shown in the form of a needle on the globe. In reality, the earth has no such axis.

Equator
The Equator is the circle passing through the center of the earth. It is perpendicular to the axis and goes on to divide the earth into two Hemispheres, the Northern and the Southern.

There are a number of more circles parallel to the equator. These circles have their centers on the axis and have different radii. Such circles are known as the Parallels of Latitudes. You can identify these parallels using the degrees. On the equator, the latitude is zero degrees.

Prime Median
There is a circle which passes through Greenwich in Britain. It is perpendicular to the equator, and parallel to the axis. It is known as the Prime Meridian. Prime Meridian divides the earth into two Hemispheres, the Eastern and the Western.

Together, the Equator and the Prime Meridian divide the earth into four equal parts. There are a number of more circles parallel to the Prime Meridian. These have their center at the center of the earth and have equal radii. Such circles are known as the Degrees of Longitudes.

Latitudes and Longitudes
In the Northern Hemisphere, the latitudes are designated as degrees north (°N). For instance, 10°N, 20°N, and so on till 90°N (which is the North Pole). Similarly, there are latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. These are designated as degrees south (°S), and 90°S is the South Pole.

The longitudes are identified with the help of degrees. Prime meridian represents the zero degrees longitude. In the Eastern Hemisphere, the longitudes are designated as degrees east (°E), e.g. 10°E, 20°E, and so on till 180°. The same is the case with the Western Hemisphere. Further, the degrees are divided into minutes and minutes into seconds.

Please note: For a minute, the symbol is an apostrophe (‘) and for a second, the symbol is a double apostrophe (“). So, 60′ (60 minutes) make up a degree and 60″ (60 seconds) make up a minute. In the same manner, the 30’ means half a degree and 40” means two-thirds of a minute.

Importance of Latitudes and Longitudes

Two points on earth can lie at the same latitude but still be far away from each other. Also, two distant points may lie on the same longitude. But only one point lies on a particular pair of latitude and longitude. So latitudes and longitudes are helpful in locating a point on earth.

Important Latitudes and Longitudes

The Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer are the special latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. They are situated at 66 1/2° N and 23 1/2° N respectively. On the other hand, the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn are the special latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. They are situated at 66 1/2° S and 23 1/2° S respectively.

Heat Zones
The area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn receives the maximum heat from the Sun. This region is known as the Torrid Zone. The area between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere, and that between the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern, have moderate temperatures. These regions are the Temperate Zones.

Lastly, the area north of the Arctic Circle and that south to the Antarctic Circle are close to the Poles and receive sunlight of very low intensity. So it is very cold here. These regions are called the Frigid Zones. The Frigid Zones, the Temperate Zones, and the Torrid Zone are called the Heat Zones.

Example:

Question:
Explain the concept of time zones.
Answer:
The sun does not shine When it is 12 noon at a time, it means that the sun is not at all visible at the place on the other side of the earth. So it must be midnight there. In fact, we can say that the time difference is 24 hours at 360 degrees longitudes apart. So every longitude brings a difference of 4 minutes. This gives us the concept of Time Zones. Two consecutive time zones differ by the hour. The time at a particular place is said to be the local time.

The compilation of these Geography Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Globe – Latitudes and Longitudes

You’ve heard the term ‘latitude’ and ‘longitude’. But what exactly are Latitudes and Longitudes? What is an equator and Prime Median? What’s the importance of Latitudes and Longitudes? Can you name some important Latitudes and Longitudes? Let’s find out more about Globe – Latitudes and Longitudes.

• Latitudes and Longitudes
• 7 Continents of World and Where are they Located

The compilation of these Forest and Wildlife Resources Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Forest and Wildlife Resources: Classification, Depletion, and Conservation

Our planet earth is home to millions of living beings. From micro-organisms and bacteria, lichens to banyan trees, elephants, and blue whales, there is a vast multitude of living organisms found on the earth. Sadly, human beings today have transformed nature and wildlife into a resource.

They obtain different products directly and indirectly from the forests and wildlife such as wood, barks, leaves, rubber, medicines, dyes, food, fuel, fodder, manure, etc. which depleted our forests and wildlife.

As said by Gandhiji, ‘The world has enough for everyone’s need but not enough for everyone’s greed.’ Despite knowing and understanding this truth, we do not put it into practice. As a result of this, our natural resources are at constant risk of depletion. So, here we’ll study forests and wildlife in particular. Let’s find out more about Forest and Wildlife Resources.

Flora and Fauna in India

India is said to be one of the world’s richest countries in terms of biological diversity. It has more than 8 percent of the total number of species in the world that is estimated to be 1.6 million.

Unfortunately, 10 percent of India’s recorded wild flora and 20 percent of its mammals are today on the threatened list. Moreover, many are even categorized as ‘critical’, that is on the verge of extinction like the cheetah, pink-headed duck, etc.

Classification of Species

The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) has classified plants and animals in order of existence

Normal Species: This includes species whose population levels are considered to be normal for their survival, such as cattle, sal, pine, rodents, etc. They are thus, called the normal species.

Endangered Species: This includes species that are in danger of extinction, hence called the endangered species. For example, blackbuck, crocodile, Indian wild ass, etc.

Vulnerable Species: This includes species whose population has declined to levels from where it is likely to move into the endangered category in the near future. For example, blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin, etc.

Rare Species: This includes species with a small population. They might move into the endangered or vulnerable category if the right measures aren’t taken. For example, Himalayan brown bear, wild Asiatic buffalo, desert fox, and a hornbill, etc.

Endemic Species: This includes species which are only found in some particular areas that are usually isolated by natural or geographical barriers. For example, Andaman Teal, Nicobar pigeon, Andaman wild pig, Mithun in Arunachal Pradesh.

Extinct Species: Furthermore, there are some extinct species. This includes species which are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur. For example, the Asiatic cheetah, pink head duck, etc.

Causes of depletion of the flora and fauna

There are a number of factors which have led to the depletion of flora and fauna. These include:

• Shifting cultivation
• Over-population
• Mining
• Large-scale development projects
• Grazing and fuel-wood collection

Reasons for a Decline in India’s Biodiversity

Some of the reasons that have led to a decline in the biodiversity of India are:

• Over-exploitation
• Forest fires
• Hunting
• Habitat destruction
• Poisoning
• Poaching
• Environmental Pollution

Conservation of Forest and Wildlife in India

Conservation is necessary to preserve the ecological diversity and our life support systems such as air, water, and soil. In response to the conservationist’s demand, The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act came into action in the year 1972. This act provided several provisions for protecting habitats.

The primary agenda of the programme was to protect the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats, and restricting trade in wildlife. For this, the central and the state governments established different national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.

The central government has also come up with different projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including the tiger, the one-horned rhinoceros, and others. In the year 1973, the Government of India, came up with the Project Tiger to save the endangered species of tiger in the country.

Under the Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several hundred butterflies, moths, beetles, and one dragonfly have been added to the list of protected species. In the year 1991, plants were also added to the list.

Types and Distribution of Forest and Wildlife Resources

In our country, the majority of forest and wildlife resources are either owned or managed by the government. This is done by the Forest Department or other government departments. Forests are usually divided into the following categories:

Reserved Forests: As far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources are concerned, these are believed to be most valuable. Hence, known as reserved forests. It covers half of the total forest land.

Protected Forests: Such forests land is protected from any further depletion. Thus, these are called the protected forests. About -third of the total forest area is protected forest.

Unclassed Forests: Finally, there were the unclassed forests. This includes the other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities. Since they weren’t classed or categorized, they got the name unclassed forests.

Example:

Question:
What was the Chipko Movement?
Answer:
Chipko Movement was the movement that was launched by the people of the Himalayas as their fight against deforestation. In this movement, people stood hugging the trees, hence it gets the name, ‘Chipko’ Movement.

The compilation of these Geography Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Forest and Wildlife Resources

India is a naturally rich country. However, there are many species that have been endangered. But what exactly are endangered species? What are Vulnerable, Rare, and Endemic Species? Let’s find out more about the conservation of forest and Wildlife Resources.

• Forest and Wildlife Resources

The compilation of these Environment Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Environment: Artificial and Natural Environment

When Riya was on the way home from school one day, she heard some people nearby talking. One of them said,” It is so sad seeing our natural environment change. All the trees will be cut down.” Riya quickly looked at her mother and asked, ” What is a natural environment, mother?”. “Everything around us that is not human-made is our natural environment”, said her mother. Riya was confused. Let’s help Riya understand what natural and human-made environments are.

Our Environment

Our environment is everything that surrounds us- from the trees, mountains, roads, buildings, things, and even people. It is a combination of both natural and human-made elements. These elements are divided into two types: Biotic and Abiotic. Biotic elements are all living organisms. Abiotic elements include all the non-living things.

Natural Environment

Everything that is not human-made comes under the natural environment. Land, air, water, plants, and animals all comprise the natural environment. Let us learn about the different domains of the natural environment. These are the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.

The lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered with a thin layer of soil. The lithosphere is an irregular surface with mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, landforms, etc. It is the domain that provides us with forests, grasslands for grazing, land for agriculture, and housing. It is also a source of minerals.

The hydrosphere is the domain of water. It comprises the various sources of water and different types of water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, estuaries, etc. It is essential for all living organisms.

The atmosphere is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth. It is held by the gravitational force of the earth. The Atmosphere protects us from the harmful UV rays from the sun by blocking them out. It contains a number of gases like oxygen, which is essential for life, dust, and water vapour. Changes in the atmosphere bring changes in weather and climate.

All life makes up the biosphere. It is the zone of the earth where land, water, and air interact with each other to support life.

Ecosystem
What is an ecosystem? All plants, animals, and human beings depend on each other. The relation between living organisms, as well as the relation between living organisms and their environment, form an ecosystem. An ocean is an example of an ecosystem because it comprises living organisms, land, air ( in dissolved form), and water of course.

Human Environment

The human environment is a man-made environment. It has been modified by humans according to their needs. Before technology evolved, human beings would adapt themselves to the natural environment. They led a simple life and fulfilled their requirements from the nature around them. With time, their needs grew and became more varied. Humans learned new ways to change their environment according to their needs.

They learned to grow crops, domesticate animals and build houses. They invented the wheel, barter system, trade, and commerce. Transportation became faster. Large-scale production was possible through the Industrial revolution. Communication became easier and speedy across the world. They have formed an artificial ecosystem.

A perfect balance is necessary between the natural and man-made environment. If we use the sources provided by the environment wisely, we can establish a healthy balance. We should use our resources wisely and learn to conserve them. natural resources like wood, minerals, water, air are precious and essential for survival. If we do not use them wisely, we may run out of them one day. We should think about our future generations.

Example:

Question:
Which is not a natural ecosystem?
a) desert
b) aquarium
c) forest
Solution:
b) aquarium.
An aquarium is a man-made ecosystem.

The compilation of these Geography Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Environment

Before we had access to ‘smartphones’, we would go outside and play with our friends. Running on wet grass is probably the best feeling. As technology evolved, we humans have made tall buildings, highways, and whatnot. Today, we are surrounded by both natural and human-made environments. But wait, don’t know what a natural or human-made environment is? No worries. Let us help you learn what they are. Let us now discuss our topic on the environment.

• Environment

The compilation of these Drainage Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Drainage System of India

Where do all the rivers emerge from? And where do they end? Have you ever thought of that? All the rivers in India form a river system which is known as the Drainage system of India. Let’s learn about the different rivers and river systems in India that together form the drainage system of India.

Drainage

The term drainage describes the river system of an area. Do you know that all the rivers of an area meet at one point and drain into a larger water body such as a lake or a sea or an ocean? Yes. a drainage system is an area that is drained by a single river. A mountain or upland separates two drainage basins. Such a separation is known as the water divide.

Drainage System of India

The drainage system of India, that is, the rivers, is divided into two major groups:

• the Himalayan rivers
• the Peninsular rivers

Let’s study the drainage system of India in detail.

The Himalayan Rivers

The three main Himalayan rivers are the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra. These rivers are long and are joined by many tributaries. A river along with its tributaries forms a river system. Let’s study each river and its tributaries.

The Indus Valley System
The river Tibet starts in Tibet, near lake Mansarovar. It flows west and enters India in the Ladakh district of Jammu and Kashmir. the tributaries that join Indus in this region are the Zaskar, the Nubra, the Shyok, and the Hunza. Then the river flows through Baltistan and Gilgit and emerges from the mountains at Attock. In Pakistan, the Satluj, the Beas, the Ravi, the Chenab, and the Jhelum join the Indus near Mithankot.

Beyond this, the river flows southwards and reaches the Arabian Sea, which is east of Karachi. The Indus plain has a gentle slope. Indus is one of the world’s longest rivers with a total length of 2900 km. Most of the Indus basin is located in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Punjab. the rest of the river is located in Pakistan.

The Ganga River System
‘Bhagirathi’ which is the headwaters of the Ganga is fed by the Gangotri Glacier. It is joined by the Alaknanda at Devaprayag in Uttarakhand. The Ganga emerges at Haridwar from the mountains onto the plane. Many major rivers join the Ganga which includes the Yamuna, the Ghaghara, the Gandak, and the Kosi. the river Yamuna emerges from the Yamunotri Glacier in the Himalayas. It meets the Ganga at Allahabad at the right bank.

The Ghaghara, the Gandak and the Kosi rise in the Nepal Himalaya. The tributaries which come from the peninsular uplands include the Chambal, the Betwa, and the Son. These rivers do not carry much water in them.The Ganga flows eastwards till Farakka in West Bengal. This is the northernmost point of the Ganga delta. From here, the river bifurcates. The length of the Ganga is over 2500 km.

The Brahmaputra River System
The Brahmaputra rises in Tibet east of Mansarovar lake very close to the sources of the Indus and Satluj. It is slightly longer than the Indus. Its course mostly lies outside India. The Brahmaputra then flows eastwards parallel to the Himalayas. It enters India in Arunachal Pradesh through a gorge. It is joined by the Dibang, the Lohit, and many other tributaries in Assam. Unlike other northern rivers, Brahmaputra forms huge deposits of silt on its bed causing the river bed to rise.

The Peninsular Rivers

The Western Ghats, which runs from north to south close to the western coast, form the main water divide in Peninsular India. The major rivers of the Peninsula which flow into the Bay of Bengal include the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Kaveri. The Narmada and the Tapi are the only long rivers which flow west and make estuaries.

The Tapi Basin
The Tapi rises in the Satpura ranges, in the Betul district of Madhya Pradesh. Its basin covers parts of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. The main west rivers flowing west are Sabarmati, Mahi, Bharathpuzha, and Periyar.

The Narmada Basin
The Narmada river rises in the Amarkantak hills in Madhya Pradesh. It flows towards the west in a rift valley. On its way to the sea, it forms many picturesque locations like the ‘Marble rocks’ and the ‘Dhuadhar falls’.The tributaries of the Narmada are very short. This basin covers parts of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.

The Godavari Basin
The Godavari is the largest Peninsular river. It rises from the slopes of the Western Ghats in the Nasik district of Maharashtra. The length of the river Godavari is about 1500 km. It drains into the Bay of Bengal. It also has the largest drainage basin. The basin covers parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Andhra Pradesh. The tributaries that join the Godavari are the Purna, the Wardha, the Pranhita, the Manjra, the Wainganga and the Penganga.

The Mahanadi Basin
The Mahanadi rises in the highlands of Chhattisgarh. It reaches the Bay of Bengal after flowing through Odisha. The length of the Mahanadi river is 860 km. It covers parts of Maharashtra, Chhatisgarh, Jharkhand, and Odisha.

The Krishna Basin
The Krishna river rises from a spring near Mahabaleshwar and flows for 1400 km. It reaches the Bay of Bengal. The tributaries of the Krishna river are the Tungabhadra, the Koyana, the Ghatprabha, the Musi, and the Bhima. Its drainage system covers parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.

The Kaveri Basin
The Kaveri rises in the Brahmagri range of the Western Ghats and reaches the Bay of Bengal in the south of Cuddalore, in Tamil Nadu. The total length of the Kaveri river is 760 km. The main tributaries of the Kaveri river are Amravati, Bhavani, Hemavati, and Kabini. It covers parts of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.

Lakes

India has many lakes. One of the most lakes is the Dal lake of Kashmir which attracts thousands of tourists. Most lakes are perennial and some contain water only during the rainy season. Most of the freshwater lakes are in the Himalayan region. The Wular lake in Jammu and Kashmir is the largest freshwater lake in India.

Other freshwater lakes include the Dal lake, Bhimtal, Nainital, Loktak, and Barapani. There are also some artificial lakes such as Guru Gobind Sagar, which are formed by the damming of water.

Role of Rivers in Economy

Rivers are of great importance to humans. We use them for irrigation, navigation, hydropower generation, etc. In a country like India, where agriculture is an important occupation, rivers are of significant importance. Thus, the drainage system of India is a basic natural resource of water.

River Pollution
Humans have been modifying everything according to their needs for ages. All the growing needs and demand for water have affected the quality of water in rivers. More and more water is being removed from the rivers reducing their volume. on the other hand, a lot of sewage and waste material is added to water in rivers which affects the quality of water.

We should realize the importance of rivers and the drainage system of India and take action to conserve water in rivers. Therefore, it is crucial for us to preserve the drainage system of India.

Example:

Question:
In which of the following states is the Wular lake located?
a) Rajasthan
b) Punjab
c) Uttar Pradesh
d) Jammu and Kashmir
Solution:
d) Jammu and Kashmir.
The Walur lake is in Jammu and Kashmir. It is the largest freshwater lake in India.

The compilation of these Geography Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Drainage

Who doesn’t love nature? The trees, the mountains, and the beaches. Rivers are one of the most beautiful sights of nature in India. But did you ever wonder where does all the water in the rivers comes from? And where does it all go? We are going to find out just that. Let’s learn about the Drainage system of India.

• Drainage System of India

The compilation of these Climate Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Climate of India

Did you ever hear your mother say, “The weather is getting hot” or your uncle says, “The climate of this area is cold”? Do you know what is the difference between Climate and Weather? Rest assured because you’ll find out what it is soon and study the Climate of India as well.

Climate and Weather

Climate is a total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a very long period of time of more than thirty years. But how is weather different from climate? Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any given period of time. Weather can change throughout the day whereas the climate of a country is the same for many years.

The Climate of India

The climate of India is described as a monsoon type. This type of climate is found in south and southeast Asia. However, there are variations in climatic conditions in the country itself. The coastal regions of India show the least amount of difference between the temperatures of night and day. In the interior regions, the difference in temperatures of day and night is huge.

Climatic Controls

Climatic controls are the factors that control the variations in temperature in the climate of India. There are six major climatic controls. They are:

Latitude: As the earth is round, sunlight does not reach everywhere equally. The temperature decreases as we move from the equator to the poles.

Altitude: As we move from the surface of the earth to the higher altitudes, the temperature decreases.

Pressure and wind system: The pressure and wind system of any area depend on the latitude and altitude of that place. Thus, it influences the temperature accordingly.

Distance from the sea: Coastal regions are cooler as compared to interior regions. As the distance from the sea increases, its influence decreases, and the people experience extreme weather conditions.

Ocean currents: Cold ocean currents flowing over a region will decrease the temperature of that area whereas warm currents will increase the temperature.

Relief features: Relief features are the barriers that block currents from entering the country. High mountains act as barriers for cold or hot winds.

Factors affecting the Climate of India

Latitude
We know that the Tropic of Cancer, which separates the tropical areas and the sub-tropical areas of the earth, passes through the middle of Rann of Kuchchh in the west to Mizoram in the east. Therefore, the climate of India has characteristics of both tropical and sub-tropical climates.

Altitude
India has very tall mountains of about 6000 meters. The Himalayas prevent the cold winds from central Asia from entering India. It is due to this reason that India has a milder winter as compared to central Asia.

Pressure and Winds
India has a unique wind and pressure conditions. During winter, the northern area near the Himalayas has high pressure. Therefore, winds from this region blow to the south where the pressure is lower. In summer, the northern part has lower pressure. Therefore, there is a reversal of wind direction. The winds from the south blow towards the north. These winds greatly affect the climate of India.

The Indian Monsoon

The climate of India depends greatly on monsoon winds. The monsoons usually happen due to the differential heating of land and water. You probably know that land heats faster than water. This change in heating leads to a difference in pressures, which in turn leads to currents. Thus, the changes in pressure conditions also affect the monsoons. Normally, there is high pressure in the tropical eastern-south Pacific Ocean and low pressure in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean. But as years have gone by, there has been a reversal in the pressure conditions. Therefore, the eastern Pacific has lower pressure. This periodic change in pressure conditions is known as Southern Oscillations or SO.

The Seasons

The climate of India has distinct seasonal patterns. The weather conditions change greatly from one season to another. The changes in temperature are extreme in the interior regions. The coastal regions do not experience extreme temperatures.

The Cold Weather Season (Winter)
The cold weather season in India begins from mid-November and stays until February. December and January are the coldest months. The temperature decreases as we go from south to north. The average temperature in the south in winter is 24° – 25° while in the north, it is between 10° and 15° Celsius.

The Hot Weather Season (Summer)
The hot weather season in India is from March to May. In May, the temperatures go up to 45° in the northwestern parts of the country. Towards the end of the summer season, there are pre-monsoons showers common in Kerala and Karnataka. They are often referred to as ‘mango showers‘ because they help in the early ripening of mangoes in these states.

The Advancing Monsoon (Rainy Season)
By early June, the trade winds of the southern winds bring abundant moisture to the country. The windward side of the Western Ghats receives very heavy rainfall, more than 250 cm. The monsoon is known for its uncertainties. While it causes heavy floods in one part, it may be responsible for droughts in the other. It is also irregular in arrival and retreat.

Retreating Monsoons (Transition Season)
During October-November, the monsoons become weaker. The sun moves towards the south. By the beginning of October, the monsoon withdraws from the Northern Plains. There is a transition from a hot rainy season to a dry winter season.

Distribution of Rainfall

Some parts of India receive about 400 cm of rainfall annually. However, it is less than 60 cm in Rajasthan and adjoining parts of Gujarat, Haryana, and Punjab. The rest of the country receives moderate rainfall. Owing to this nature of monsoons, the annual rainfall is highly variable from year to year.

Example:

Question:
Monsoons arrive in India approximately in:
a) early may
b) early June
c) early July
d) early August
Solution:
b) early June.
By early June, the trade winds of the southern winds bring abundant moisture to the country. These winds precipitate to cause rainfall in the southern parts of India first.

The compilation of these Geography Notes makes students exam preparation simpler and organised.

Climate

Ever wonder why it snows in Switzerland and not in India? Or why July is the hottest month in the USA while in India, it is May? Worry not because all these questions will be answered. Let’s dig in and explore all the knowledge about the climate of India.

• Climate of India