Tamilnadu State Board Class 10 English Vocabulary Affixes (Prefix & Suffix)
♦ Affixes (Prefix & Suffix) (Text Book Page No.: 101)
In the English language, new words can be formed by a process called affixation. Affixation means adding affixes to the root word to form a new word. Affixes can be classified into prefix and suffix. If an affix is attached to the beginning of a word, it is called a Prefix. If an affix is attached to the end of the word, it is called a Suffix.
Exampels:
Prefixes: illiterate, disqualify, supernatural, suburban, malnutrition.
Suffixes: childhood, ability, examination, establishment, slavish.
Prefix
| Prefix | Root Word |
| bi | cycle, lingual, monthly |
| CO | workers, operators, authors |
| de | recognise, regulate, compose, valuation, train |
| ex | minister, principal, student, councillor |
| extra | ordinary, sensory, curricular |
| fore | front, runner, finger, word, tell, cast, arm, hand |
| im | balance, perfect, possible, material, measurable |
| in | door, active, side, valuable, efficient |
| inter | national, dependant, racial, religious, state |
| ir | recoverable, regular, rational, respective |
| mega | show, phone, star, event |
| mis | quote, understand, spell, manage, calculate |
| non | stop, toxic, existent, sense, violence |
| out | moded, smart, number, door, patient, house, let, post |
| over | coat, shadow, throw, come, bearing |
| post | graduate, pone, script, graduation |
| pre | university, natal, face, caution, fabricate |
| sub | sect, human, editor, title, way |
| super | man, human, editor, title, way |
| ultra | violet, modern, sound |
| un | happy, welcome, told, wept, sung, honoured |
| under | ground, pay, cut, sell, secretary, stand |
| vice | president, principal, chairman, admiral |
| Prefix | Root Word | New Word |
| CO | operate | cooperate |
| em | power | empower |
| hyper | active | hyperactive |
| ig | noble | ignoble |
| in | direct | indirect |
| inter | lock | interlock |
| multi | national | multinational |
| over | lap | overlap |
| sub | standard | substandard |
| trans | form | transform |
| ultra | violet | ultraviolet |
| un | quenchable | unquenchable |
| un | fair | unfair |
Suffix
| Root Word | Suffix |
| arrange, manage, ship | ment |
| betray, dismiss, apprais | al |
| care, power, hair, rest, odour | less |
| child, man, woman, boy | hood |
| clock, penny, tax | wise |
| collabor, declare, explore | ation |
| count, profit, like, read, eat | able |
| expert, special, real, popular, | ise |
| capital | ize |
| kind, polite, forgive, sick ready, selfish, useful | ness |
| meddle, quarrel, awe, irk | some |
| mile, post, bag, home | age |
| music, critic, physique | cal |
| accident, sentiment | al |
| philosophy, sympathy, majesty, photograph | ic |
| politic, electric, mathematic, music | ian |
| president, confident | ial |
| pure | fy |
| responsible, public, simple | ity |
| scholar, friend, workman, craftsman | ship |
| sleep, fun, stick, choose, mess | y |
| conclude, inspire, admit | ion |
| sorrow, thought, cup, forget, colour | ful |
| luxury | ious |
| Root Word | Suffix | New word |
| 1. announce | ment | announcement |
| 2. bright | ness | brightness |
| 3. clear | anee | clearance |
| 4. colour | ful | colourful |
| 5. craftsman | ship | craftsmanship |
| 6. credit | able | creditable |
| 7. danger | ous | dangerous |
| 8. direct | or | director |
| 9. enormous | ity | enormity |
| 10. exception | al | exceptional |
| 11. metal | ic | metalic |
| 12. narrate | ion | narration |
| 13. need | y | needy |
| 14. perform | ance | performance |
| 15. quench | able | quenchable |
| 16. secret | ive | secretive |
| 17. wash | able | washable |
Exercises
Question 1.
Add a prefix to the word polite to complete the sentence.
The shopkeeper dismissed his assistant because he was __________ polite to his customers.
(a) un
(b) dis
(c) im
(d) mis
Answer:
(c) im
Question 2.
Add a suffix to the word associate to complete the sentence.
Sastha had close associate __________ with many learned persons.
(a) ly
(b) ness
(c) ion
(d ) or
Answer:
(c) ion
Question 3.
Add a prefix to the word placed to complete the sentence.
Geetha _________ placed the book that she borrowed.
(a) dis
(b) un
(c) mis
(d) im
Answer:
(c) mis
Question 4.
Attach a prefix to the word visible to complete the sentence.
The artistes are the ones who might be able to help us with our internal, __________ visible lives.
(a) in
(b) dis
(c) im
(d) il
Answer:
(a) in
Question 5.
Add a suffix to the word kind to complete the sentence.
Even a small help is an act of kind __________
(a) ness
(b) our
(c) ship
(d) ment
Answer:
(a) ness
Question 6.
Add a prefix to the word legal to complete the sentence.
The act was proved __________ legal by the court.
(a) un
(b) il
(c) en
(d) dis
Answer:
(b) il
Question 7.
Add a suffix to the word announce to complete the sentence.
The Headmaster made an announce __________
(a) er
(b) mg
(c) ship
(d) ment
Answer:
(d) ment
Question 8.
Add a suffix to the word danger to complete the sentence.
A snake is a very danger __________ reptile.
(a) ness
(b) ous
(c) able
(d) ly
Answer:
(b) ous
Question 9.
Add a prefix to the word obey to complete the sentence.
Children should not _________ obey their elders.
(a) mis
(b) dis
(c) in
(d) un
Answer:
(b) dis
Question 10.
Attach a prefix to the word violet to complete the sentence.
Some times __________ violet rays are harmful.
(a) trans
(b) inter
(c) ultra
(d) over
Answer:
(c) ultra
Question 11.
Add a suffix to the word perform to complete the sentence.
The chief guest appreciated his perform __________.
(a) ing
(b) ance
(c) ness
(d) ic
Answer:
(b) ance
Question 12.
Attach a prefix to the word legal to complete the sentence.
They fought __________ legal battle.
(a) in
(b) un
(c) il
(d) non
Answer:
(c) il
Question 13.
Add a suffix to the word beautiful to complete the sentence.
Guru plays the Piano beautiful __________.
(a) ly
(b) er
(c) less
(d) ness
Answer:
(a) ly
Question 14.
Attach a suffix to the word exception to complete the sentence.
It is an exception __________ case.
(a) ment
(b) al
(c) ance
(d) ful
Answer:
(b) al
Question 15.
Attach a prefix to the word national to complete the sentence.
Kumar started his career at a __________ national company.
(a) trans
(b) multi
(c) ultra
(d) over
Answer:
(b) multi
Question 16.
Add a prefix to the word active to complete the sentence.
_________ children should be given more attention.
(a) hyper
(b) ultra
(c) sub
(d) trans
Answer:
(a) hyper
Question 17.
Add a suffix to the word dream to complete the sentence.
My friend is a day-dream __________.
(a) er
(b) y
(c) ist
(d) istic
Answer:
(a) er
Question 18.
Add a prefix to the word national to complete the sentence.
An __________ national conference is to be held next year.
(a) Co
(b) Sub
(c) Inter
(d) Hyper
Answer:
(c) Inter
Question 19.
Add a prefix to the word belief to complete the sentence.
She received the news with __________ belief.
(a) non
(b) anti
(c) un
(d) dis
Answer:
(d) dis
Question 20.
Add a prefix to the word noble to complete the sentence.
Don’t be _________ noble.
(a) in
(b) ig
(c) un
(d) no
Answer:
(b) ig