What is Relative Density in Physics? | Definition, Formula, Units – Hydrostatics

Relative Density Definition Physics:
Relative density of a substance is defined as the ratio of its density to the density of water at 4°C.

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What is Relative Density in Physics? | Definition, Formula, Units – Hydrostatics

Relative Density Formula in Physics:

Relative density = \(\frac{\text { Density of substance }}{\text { Density of water at } 4^{\circ} \mathrm{C}}\)
= \(\frac{\text { Weight of substance in air }}{\text { Loss of weight in water}}\)

Relative Density unit:
Relative density has no unit because it is the ratio of same units which gets cancelled.

Relative Density Dimensional Formula:

[M⁰ L⁰ T⁰]

Where,
M = Mass
L = Length
T = Time

• Relative density also known as specific gravity has no unit, no dimensions.
• For a solid body, density of body = density of substance.
• While for a hollow body, density of body is lesser than that of substance.
• When immiscible liquids of different densities are poured in a container, the liquid of highest density will be at the bottom while that of lowest density at the top and interfaces will be plane.

Hydrostatics:
Hydrostatics is a property of liquid or fluid in mechanics. A fluid is a material which flows at room temperature, because its upper molecule overlaps the inner molecule, which tends to flow the liquid in forward direction. In hydrostatics, we will learn about the condition of fluids when it is in rest or exerted by an external force. Here we will study the fluids in motion.