# Physics MCQs for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 12 Atoms

Free PDF Download of CBSE Physics Multiple Choice Questions for Class 12 with Answers Chapter 12 Atoms. Physics MCQs for Class 12 Chapter Wise with Answers PDF Download was Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 12 Physics Atoms MCQs Pdf with Answers to know their preparation level.

## Atoms Class 12 Physics MCQs Pdf

1. If 13.6 eV energy is required to ionise the hydrogen atom, then energy required to remove an electron from n = 2 is
(a) 10.2 eV
(b) 0 eV
(c) 3.4 eV
(d) 6.8 eV.

Explaination:

2. In Bohr’s model of an atom which of the following is an integral multiple of $$\frac{h}{2 \pi}$$?
(a) Kinetic energy
(c) Potential energy
(d) Angular momentum

Explaination:
(d) Angular momentum L = mvr = $$\frac{n h}{2 \pi}$$

3. In Bohr’s model, the atomic radius of the first orbit is rQ. Then, the radius of the third orbit is
(a) r0/9
(b) r0
(c) 9r0
(d) 3r0

Explaination:
rn = rn
∴ r3 = 9r0

4. The K.E. of the electron in an orbit of radius r in hydrogen atom is proportional to

Explaination:
(b) $$\frac{e^{2}}{2 r}$$, Scince K.E = $$\frac{k e^{2}}{2 r}$$

5. The ratio between Bohr radii is
(a) 1 : 2 : 3
(b) 2 : 4 : 6
(c) 1 : 4 : 9
(d) 1 : 3 : 5

Explaination:
(c) 1 : 4 : 9, In Bohr’s atomic model, rn

6. The longest wavelength in Balmer series of hydrogen spectrum will be
(a) 6557 Å
(b) 1216 Å
(c) 4800 Å
(d) 5600 Å

Explaination:
(a) 6557 Å
For longest wavelength in Balmer series n1 = 2 and n2 = 3

7. In terms of Rydberg constant R, the wave number of the first Balmer line is
(a) R
(b) 3R
(c) $$\frac{5 R}{36}$$
(d) $$\frac{8 R}{9}$$

Explaination:

8. The ionisation energy of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. Following Bohr’s theory the energy corresponding to a transition between 3rd and 4th orbits is
(a) 3.40 eV
(b) 1.51 eV
(c) 0.85 eV
(d) 0.66 eV

Explaination:

9. The energy of hydrogen atom in the nth orbit is En, then the energy in the nth orbit of single ionised helium atom is

Explaination:
(c) As energy E ∝ Z²
For hydrogen atom Z = 1,
for Helium Z = 2
EHe = 4En.

10. On moving up in the energy states of a H-like atom, the energy difference between two consecutive energy states
(a) decreases.
(b) increases.
(c) first decreases then increases.
(d) first increases then decreases.

Explaination:
(a) As, En = $$\frac{-13.6}{n^{2}}$$

11. The transition of electron from n = 4, 5, 6, ………. to n = 3 corresponds to
(a) Lyman series
(b) Balmer series
(c) Paschen series
(d) Brackettseries

Explaination:
(c) In transition from n1 = 3 and n2 = 4, 5, 6,….
Infrared radiation of Paschen spectral is emitted.

12. As per Bohr model, the minimum energy (in eV) required to remove an electron from the ground state of double ionized Li atom (Z = 3) is
(a) 1.51 eV
(b) 13.6 eV
(c) 40.8 eV
(d) 122.4 eV

Explaination:
(d) Since energy of electron in nth state of hydrogen like atom is

13. Which of the following spectral series in hydrogen atom gives spectral line of 4860 A?
(a) Lyman
(b) Balmer
(c) Paschen
(d) Brackett

Explaination:
(b) Since spectral line of wavelength 4860 A
lies in the visible region of the spectrum which is Balmer series of the spectrum.

14. In terms of Rydberg constant R, the shortest wavelength in Balmer series of hydrogen atom spectrum will have wavelength

Explaination:
(b) For shortest wavelength n1 =∞, n2 = 2

15. The first model of atom in 1898 was proposed by
(a) Ernst Rutherford
(b) Albert Einstein
(c) J.J. Thomson
(d) Niels Bohr

16. In Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment, the trajectory traced by an a-particle depends on
(a) number of collision
(b) number of scattered a-particles
(c) impact parameter
(d) none of these

17. In the Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment the number of scattered particles detected are maximum and minimum at the scattering angles respectively at
(a) 0° and 180°
(b) 180° and 0°
(c) 90° and 180°
(d) 45° and 90°

18. In the Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment, is case of head-on collision the impact parameter should be
(a) maximum
(b) minimum
(c) infinite
(d) zero

19. Rutherford’s experiments suggested that the size of the nucleus is about
(a) 10-14 m to 10-12 m
(b) 10-15 m to 10-13 m
(c) 10-15 m to 10-14 m
(d) 10-15 m to 10-12 m

20. Which of the following spectral series falls within the visible range of electromagnetic radiation?
(a) Lyman series
(b) Balmer series
(c) Paschen seriee
(d) Pfund series

21. The first spectral series was discovered by
(a) Balmer
(b) Lyman
(c) Paschen
(d) Pfund

22. Which of the following postulates of the Bohr model led to the quantization of energy of the hydrogen atom?
(a) The electron goes around the nucleus in circular orbits.
(b) The angular momentum of the electron can only be an integral multiple of h/2π.
(c) The magnitude of the linear momentum of the electron is quantized.
(d) Quantization of energy is itself a postulate of the Bohr model.

23. The Bohr model of atoms
(a) assumes that the angular momentum of elec-trons is quantized.
(b) uses Einstein’s photoelectric equation.
(c) predicts continuous emission spectra for at-oms.
(d) predicts the same emission spectra for all types of atoms.

24. If tt is the orbit number of the electron in a hydrogen atom, the correct statement among the following is
(a) electron energy increases as n increases.
(b) hydrogen emits infrared rays for the electron transition from n = to n = 1
(c) electron energy is zero for n = 1 (<0 electron energy varies as n2.

25. If the radius of inner most electronic orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3 * 10~n m, then the radii of n = 2 orbits is
(a) 1.12 Å
(b) 2.12 Å
(c) 3.22 Å
(d) 4.54 Å

26. The diagram shows the energy levels for an electron in a certain atom. Which transition shown represents the emission of a photon with the most energy?

(a) I
(b) II
(c) III
(d) IV

27. In a hydrogen atom, the radius of nth Bohr orbit is rn. The graph between log(rn/r1) and log n will be

28. The transition from the state n = 5 to n = 1 in a hydrogen atom results in UV radiation. Infrared radiation will be obtained in the transition
(a) 2 → 1
(b) 3 → 2
(c) 4 → 3
(d) 6 → 2

29. The hydrogen atom can give spectral lines in the Lyman, Balmer and Paschen series. Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) Lyman series is in the infrared region.
(b) Balmer series is in the visible region.
(c) Paschen series is in the visible region.
(d) Balmer series is in the ultraviolet region.

30. Which of the relation is correct between time period and number of orbits while an electron is resolving in an orbit?

31. Energy of an electron in the second orbit of hydrogen atom is E and the energy of electron in 3rd orbit of He will be

Explaination:

32. The spectral lines in the Brackett series arise due to transition of electron in hydrogen atom from higher orbits to the orbit with
(a) n = 1
(b) n = 2
(c) n = 3
(d) n = 4

33. Taking the Bohr radius as a0 = 53 pm, the radius of Li++ ion in its ground state, on the basis of Bohr’s model, will be about [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) 53 pm
(b) 27 pm
(c) 18 pm
(d) 13 pm

34. The simple Bohr model cannot be directly applied to calculate the energy levels of an atom with many electrons. This is because [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) of the electrons not being subject to a central force.
(b) of the electrons colliding with each other.
(c) of screening effects.
(d) the force between the nucleus and an electron will no longer be given by Coulomb’s law.

35. For the ground state, the electron in the H-atom has an angular momentum = h, according to the simple Bohr model. Angular momentum is a vector and hence there will be infinitely many orbits with the vector pointing in all possible directions. In actuality, this is not true, [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) because Bohr model gives incorrect values of angular momentum.
(b) because only one of these would have a minimum energy.
(c) angular momentum must be in the direction of spin of electron.
(d) because electrons go around only in horizontal orbits.

36. 02 molecule consists of two oxygen atoms. In the molecule, nuclear force between the nuclei of the two atoms [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) is not important because nuclear forces are short-ranged.
(b) is as important as electrostatic force for binding the two atoms.
(c) cancels the repulsive electrostatic force between the nuclei.
(d) is not important because oxygen nucleus has equal number of neutrons and protons.

37. Two H atoms in the ground state collide inelastically. The maximum amount by which their combined kinetic energy is reduced is [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) 10.20 eV
(b) 20.40 eV
(c) 13.6 eV
(d) 27.2 eV

38. A set of atoms in an excited state decays. [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) in general to any of the states with lower energy.
(b) into a lower state only when excited by an external electric field.
(c) all together simultaneously into a lower state.
(d) to emit photons only when they collide.

39. An ionised H-molecule consists of an electron and two protons. The protons are separated by a small distance of the order of angstrom. In the ground state, [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) the electron would move in circular orbits.
(b) the energy would be (2)4 times that of a H-atom.
(c) the electrons, orbit would go around the protons.
(d) the molecule will soon decay in a proton and a H-atom.

40. The Balmer series for the H-atom can be observed
(a) if we measure the frequencies of light emitted when an excited atom falls to the ground state.
(b) if we measure the frequencies of light emitted due to transitions between excited states and the first excited state.
(c) in any transition in a H-atom.
(d) as a sequence of frequencies with the lower frequencies getting closely packed.

41. Let $$E_{n}=\frac{-1}{8 \varepsilon_{0}^{2}} \frac{m e^{4}}{n^{2} h^{2}}$$ be the energy of the nth level of H-atom. If all the H-atoms are in the ground state and radiation of frequency (E2 – E1)/h falls on it,
(a) it will not be absorbed at all.
(b) some of atoms will move to the first excited state.
(c) all atoms will be excited to the n = 2 state.
(d) all atoms will make a transition to the n = 3 state.

42. The Bohr model of an atom
(a) assumes that the angular momentum of electrons is quantised.
(b) uses Einstein’s potoelectric equation.
(c) predicts continuous emission spectra for atoms,
(d) predicts the same emission spectra for all types of atoms.

43. For ionising an exicited hydrogan atom, the energy required (in eV) will be
(a) a little less than 13.6 eV
(b) 13.6 eV
(c) more than 13.6 eV
(d) 3.4 or less

Explaination:
(d) As the energy of the electron is – -3.4 eV in first excited state and magnitude is less for higher excited state.

44. The electrons in the Bohr’s orbit have
(a) K.E. greater than P.E.
(b) P.E. greater than K.E.
(c) the same values
(d) none of these

Explaination:

45. The binding energy of a H-atom, considering an electron moving around a fixed nuclei (proton), is
$$B=-\frac{m e^{4}}{8 n^{2} \varepsilon_{0}^{2} h^{2}}$$. (m = electron mass)
If one decides to work in a frame of reference where the electron is at rest, the proton would be moving arround it. By similar arguments, the binding energy would be
$$B=-\frac{M e^{4}}{8 n^{2} \varepsilon_{0}^{2} h^{2}}$$(M= proton mass)
This last expression is not correct because [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) n would not be integral.
(b) Bohr-quantisation applies only to electron.
(c) the frame in which the electron is at rest is not inertial.
(d) the motion of the proton would not be in circular orbits, even approximately.

46. Consider aiming a beam of free electrons towards free protons. When they scatter, an electron and a proton cannot combine to produce a H-atom,
(a) because of energy loss.
(b) without simultaneously releasing energy in the from of radiation.
(c) because of momentum conservation.
(d) because of angular momentum conservation.

47. The Bohr model for the spectra of a H-atom
(a) will be applicable to hydrogen in the molecular from.
(b) will not be applicable as it is for a He- atom.
(c) is valid only at room temperature.
(d) predicts continuous as well as discrete spectral lines.

48. Non-radiating electron orbits in an atom are called __________ orbits.

Explaination: stationary

49. At distance of closest approach, kinetic energy of a-particle is __________ .

Explaination: zero

50. The centripetal force required for revolution of electron in an orbit is provided by __________ between the electron and the nucleus.

Explaination: electrostatic attraction

51. __________ is the perpendicular distance of the velocity vector of the a-particle from the centre of the nucleus.

Explaination: Impact parameter

52. The number of waves, contained in unit length of the medium is called __________ .

Explaination: wave number

53. Angular momentum and energy of an electron in an atom is __________ .

Explaination: quantised.

54. Number of possible spectral lines emitted on dexcitation of electron from energy level n to ground state is equal to __________ .

Explaination: $$\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$$

55. In the Rutherford scattering experiment, die distance of closest approach for an a-particle is dQ. If an a-particle is replaced by a proton, how much kinetic energy in comparison to a-particle will it require to have the same distance of closest approach d0?

Explaination:
At distance of closest approach, the K.E. with the charged particle is converted into electrostatic P.E.
As q is half with a proton in comparison to a-particle, for same d, energy E has to be made half.

56. What is the ratio of radii of the orbits corresponding to first excited state and ground state in a hydrogen atom?

Explaination:

57. Write the expression for Bohr’s radius in hydrogen atom.

Explaination:

58. Find the ratio of energies of photons produced due to transition of an electron of hydrogen atom from its
(i) second permitted energy level to the first level, and
(ii) the highest permitted energy level to the first permitted level.

Explaination:

59. What is the distance of closest approach?

Explaination:
The minimum distance up to which an energetic a-particle travelling directly towards a nucleus can reach.

60. An electron in a hydrogen atom is revolving round a positively charged nucleus. Which two physical quantities explain the orbit of an electron?

Explaination:
Two physical quantities are:
(i) angular momentum, and
(ii) total energy of electron.

61. What will happen if an electron instead of revolving becomes stationary in H-atom?

Explaination:
Then the electrostatic field of the nucleus will attract the electron into the nucleus itself.

62. Calculate the speed of electron revolving around the nucleus of a hydrogen atom in order that it may not be pulled into the nucleus by electrostatic attraction.