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Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Multiple Choice Type Questions
Question 1.
Somaclonal variation appears in
(a) Organisms produced through somatic hybridization
(b) Plants growing in highly polluted conditions
(c) Apomictic plants
(d) Tissue culture raised plants
Answer
Answer: (d) Tissue culture raised plants
Question 2.
Which of the following is not properly matched?
(a) Explant – excised plant part used for callus formation
(b) Cytokinins – root initiation in callus
(c) Somatic embryo – embryo produced from a vegetative cell
(d) Callus – undifferentiated mass of cells
Answer
Answer: (b) Cytokinins – root initiation in callus
Question 3.
Somatic hybrids are produced by
(a) Protoplast fusion
(b) Tissue culture
(c) Pollen culture
(d) Hybridoma process
Answer
Answer: (a) Protoplast fusion
Question 4.
Capacity of a cell to grow into a full individual plant is known as
(a) Tissue culture
(b) Clone
(c) Vegetative reproduction
(d) Totipotency
Answer
Answer: (d) Totipotency
Question 5.
In callus culture, roots can be induced by the supply of
(a) Auxin
(b) Cytokinin
(c) Gibberellin
(d) Ethylene
Answer
Answer: (a) Auxin
Question 6.
The technique of obtaining large number of plantlets by tissue culture method is called :
(a) Organ culture
(b) Micropropagation
(c) Macropropagation
(d) Plantlet culture
Answer
Answer: (b) Micropropagation
Question 7.
In tissue culture medium, the embryoids formed from pollen grains is due to
(a) Cellular totipotency
(b) Organogenesis
(c) Double fertilization
(d) Test tube culture
Answer
Answer: (a) Cellular totipotency
Question 8.
Haploid plantlets can be produced by
(a) Pollen culture
(b) Cotyledon culture
(c) Embryo culture
(d) Meristem culture
Answer
Answer: (a) Pollen culture
Question 9.
A major application of embryo culture is
(a) Production of embryoids
(b) Over coming hybridisation barriers
(c) Induction of somaclonal variations
(d) Clonal propagation
Answer
Answer: (b) Over coming hybridisation barriers
Question 10.
Who gave the idea that every plant cell is totipotent
(a) P.R. White
(b) E.C. Cocking
(c) F.C. Steward
(d) G. Haberlandt
Answer
Answer: (d) G. Haberlandt
Question 11.
In order to obtain disease free plants through tissue culture techniques the best method is :
(a) Embryo rescue
(b) Anther culture
(c) Protoplast culture
(d) Meristem culture
Answer
Answer: (d) Meristem culture
Question 12.
One of the ex situ conservation methods for endangered species is :
(a) Wild life Sancturies
(b) Biosphere reserves
(c) Cryopreservation
(d) National parks
Answer
Answer: (c) Cryopreservation
Question 13.
Which of the following is generally used for induced mutagenesis in crop plants?
(a) X-ray
(b) UV (260nm)
(c) Gamma rays (from Cobalt 60)
(d) Alpha particles
Answer
Answer: (c) Gamma rays (from Cobalt 60)
Question 14.
One of the most important functions of botanical gardens is that
(a) they provide a beautiful area for recreation
(b) they allow ex situ conservation of germplasm
(c) one can observe tropical plants there
(d) they provide the natural habitat for wild life
Answer
Answer: (b) they allow ex situ conservation of germplasm
Question 15.
India’s wheat yield revolution in the 1960s was possible primarily due to
(a) increased chlorophyll content
(b) mutations resulting in plant height reduction
(c) quantitative trait mutations
(d) hybrid seeds
Answer
Answer: (c) quantitative trait mutations
Question 16.
Colchicine brings about
(a) Chromosome aberrations
(b) Duplication of chromosomes
(c) Gene mutation
(d) Quick replication
Answer
Answer: (b) Duplication of chromosomes
Fill in the Blanks
Question 1.
………………… are produced by the purely female birds.
Answer
Answer: Vegetarian eggs
Question 2.
On excess heating, the collagen changes into …………………
Answer
Answer: gelatin
Question 3.
Fish fertilizer formed after the fermentation of fish waste for a number of days and sun dried is called …………………
Answer
Answer: pit fish
Question 4.
Main egg products are ………………… and …………………
Answer
Answer: albumen flakes, frozen yolk and egg powder
Question 5.
………………… involves the rearing and breeding of fish in artificial water bodies.
Answer
Answer: Pisciculture
Question 6.
Main indigenous breed of India are …………………
Answer
Answer: Aseel, Chittagong and Chagus
Question 7.
Cereal and millet proteins are deficient in ………………… and tryptophan.
Answer
Answer: lysine
Question 8.
Proteins of ………………… are deficient in sulphur containing, proteins, viz., methionine and …………………
Answer
Answer: pulses, cysteine
Question 9.
Genetic variability can be created by …………………
Answer
Answer: mutation
Question 10.
Hybrid vigour is best maintained in ………………… crops.
Answer
Answer: vegetatively propagated.
Write True or False
Question 1.
Pisciculture in India was first started in Kerala.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 2.
Central Avian Research Institute is located at I/atnagar.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 3.
Callus is an organised mass of cells.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 4.
Sterilization is complete destruction or killing of micro organisms.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 5.
Mature embryo is mostly autotrophic.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 6.
Colchicine treatment causes doubling of chromosomes in the haploids.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 7.
Haploid possess only one set of chromosomes but they are not always pure.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 8.
Selection is the oldest method of crop improvement.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 9.
Emasculation is removal of pistil from bisexual flowers.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 10.
Mule is produced by inbreeding.
Answer
Answer: False
One Word Questions
Question 1.
Give the locational site of Imperial Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI).
Answer
Answer: Izatnagar (U.P.)
Question 2.
Name the protein types found in egg white.
Answer
Answer: Ovalbumin, canalbumin.
Question 3.
Which country is the native place of jungle fowl Gallus gallus?
Answer
Answer: India.
Question 4.
Mention the ploidy of modern bread wheat Triticum aestivum.
Answer
Answer: Hexapioid.
Question 5.
Name the part of fruit from which mango juice is extracted.
Answer
Answer: Mesocarp.
Question 6.
Expand CRRI.
Answer
Answer: Central Rice Research Institute.
Question 7.
Where is the FRI situated?
Answer
Answer: Dehradun.
Question 8.
In which state of India, most of coffee is produced?
Answer
Answer: Karnataka.
Question 9.
Name the plant from which coir is produced?
Answer
Answer: Cocos, nucifera.
Question 10.
Name two plants which have been produced by artificial selection.
Answer
Answer: Wheat and maize.
Match the Following
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Emasculation | A. Selection of self pollinated crops |
| 2. Hybrid vigour | B. X-rays |
| 3. Genotype | C. Heterosis |
| 4. Pure lines | D. Anther |
| 5. Mutation | E. Genes present |
Answer
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Emasculation | D. Anther |
| 2. Hybrid vigour | C. Heterosis |
| 3. Genotype | E. Genes present |
| 4. Pure lines | A. Selection of self pollinated crops |
| 5. Mutation | B. X-rays |
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