We have compiled the NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance and Variation with Answers Pdf free download covering the entire syllabus. Practice MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology with Answers on a daily basis and score well in exams. Refer to the Principles of Inheritance and Variation Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers here along with a detailed explanation.
Principles of Inheritance and Variation Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Multiple Choice Type Questions
Question 1.
Name the scientist who descovered the laws of Heredity.
(a) Gregor Mendel
(b) Newton
(c) Punnett
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Gregor Mendel
Question 2.
Punnett square was developed by
(a) Mendel
(b) Watson and Sútton
(c) Reginald
(d) Correns
Answer
Answer: (c) Reginald
Question 3.
Who introduced chromosomaJfheory of inheritance?
(a) Mendel
(b) Sutton
(c) Reginald
(d) Boyen
Answer
Answer: (b) Sutton
Question 4.
The plant Mendel used to study inheritance of two genes is
(a) Apple
(b) Mango
(c) Garden pea
(d) Potato
Answer
Answer: (c) Garden pea
Question 5.
Mendel published his work on inheritance of characters in
(a) 1870
(b) 1900
(c) 1865
(d) 1845
Answer
Answer: (c) 1865
Question 6.
Female heterogamety is
(a) two different types of gametes are produced by females.
(b) four different types of gametes are produced – by males.
(c) Can be both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) two different types of gametes are produced by females.
Question 7.
Failure of segregation of chomatids during cell division cycle results in the gain or loss of a chromosome(s) is called
(a) Female heterogamety
(b) Male heterogamety
(c) Aneuploidy
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Aneuploidy
Question 8.
An analysis of traits in several generation of a family is called the
(a) Pedigree analysis
(b) Mendel analysis
(c) Punneet analysis
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Pedigree analysis
Question 9.
Haemophilia is a
(a) Mendalian disorder
(b) Chromosomal disorder
(c) Can be (a) or (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Mendalian disorder
Question 10.
Down’s syndrome is a
(a) Mendelian disorder
(b) Chromosomal disorder
(c) Can be (a) or (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (b) Chromosomal disorder
Fill in the Blanks
Question 1.
……………… conducted hydridisation experiments on garden peas.
Answer
Answer: Mendel
Question 2.
Genes which code for a pair/collection of contrasting traits are known as ………………
Answer
Answer: alleles
Question 3.
Identical means ………………
Answer
Answer: homozygous
Question 4.
A factor with a pair of dissimilar factors is called ……………… factor.
Answer
Answer: dominant
Question 5.
Hybrids which contain alleles that express contrasting traits are called ………………
Answer
Answer: Heterozygous
Question 6.
Characters are controlled by discrete units called ………………
Answer
Answer: factors
Question 7.
Chromosomes are called ………………
Answer
Answer: coloured bodies
Question 8.
The mechanism of ……………… has always been a puzzle before the geneticists.
Answer
Answer: sex determination
Question 9.
Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division cycle results in the gain or loss of a chromosome(s), called ………………
Answer
Answer: aneuploidy
Question 10.
An analysis of traits is a several generations of a family is called ……………… analysis.
Answer
Answer: pedigree.
Write True or False
Question 1.
Sutton conducted the hybridisation experiments on garden pea.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 2.
A true breeding line is one that, having undergone continuous self-pollination, shows the stable trait inheritance and expression for several generation.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 3.
Mendel selected 12 true-breeding pea plant varieties, as pairs which are similar except for one character link contrasting traits.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 4.
Genes which code for a pair/collection of contrasting traits are known as alleles.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 5.
Characters are controlled by discrete units called factors.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 6.
Chromosomes are also called ‘coloured bodies’.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 7.
Mendel attributed the physical association or linkage of two genes and coined the terms linkage and recombination.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 8.
Aneuploidy is the failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division cycle which results in the gain or loss of a chromosome(s).
Answer
Answer: True
Question 9.
An analysis of traits is several generations of a family is called Punnett analysis.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 10.
Haemophilia is a Mendelian disorder.
Answer
Answer: True
One Word Type Questions
Question 1.
Name the scientist who associated the theory of heredity.
Answer
Answer: Gregor Mendel.
Question 2.
By what name genes which code for a pair/collection of contrasting traits known as?
Answer
Answer: Alleles.
Question 3.
Which square can be effectively used to understand the independent segregation of the two pair of genes?
Answer
Answer: Punnett square.
Question 4.
By what other name genes are known as?
Answer
Answer: Factors.
Question 5.
During which stage of meiosis I, the two chromosome pairs can align at the metaphase plate independently of each other?
Answer
Answer: Anaphase.
Question 6.
Give an example of XO type of sex determination in which the males’ have only one X-chromosome besides the autosomes, whereas females have a pair of X-chromosomes.
Answer
Answer: Grasshopper.
Question 7.
What is the analysis of traits in a several generations of a family called?
Answer
Answer: Pedigree analysis.
Question 8.
Name the two types of genetic disorder.
Answer
Answer: Mendelian disorder and chromosomal disorder.
Question 9.
What type of disorder is colour blindness?
Answer
Answer: Mendelian disorder.
Question 10.
What type of disorder is sickle cell anaemia?
Answer
Answer: Mendelian disorder.
Match the Following
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Sickle cell anaemia | A. Mendalian disorder |
| 2. Phenylketonuria | B. Chromosomal disorder |
| 3. Down’s syndrome | C. Chromosomal disorder |
| 4. Turner’s syndrome | D. Mendel |
| 5. Laws of Heredity | E. Mendalian disorder |
Answer
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Sickle cell anaemia | E. Mendalian disorder |
| 2. Phenylketonuria | A. Mendalian disorder |
| 3. Down’s syndrome | B. Chromosomal disorder |
| 4. Turner’s syndrome | C. Chromosomal disorder |
| 5. Laws of Heredity | D. Mendel |
Hope the information shed above regarding NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance and Variation with Answers Pdf free download has been useful to an extent. If you have any other queries of CBSE Class 12 Biology Principles of Inheritance and Variation MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers, feel free to reach us so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible.