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Microbes in Human Welfare Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Multiple Choice Type Questions
Question 1.
Which of the following is a correct statement
(a) “Bt” in “Bt-cotton” indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through biotechnology.
(b) Somatic hybridization involves fusion of two complete plant cells carrying desired genes.
(c) The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napue seed.
(d) “Flavr savr” variety of tomato has enhanced the production of ethylene which improves its taste.
Answer
Answer: (c) The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napue seed.
Question 2.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel
(a) Biofertilizers
(b) Bio-metallurgical techniques
(c) Bio-mineralization processes
(d) Bio-insecticidal plants
Answer
Answer: (d) Bio-insecticidal plants
Question 3.
First biochemical to be produced commercially by microbial cloning and genetic engineering.
(a) Human insulin
(b) Penicillin
(c) Pollen culture
(d) Fertility factor
Answer
Answer: (a) Human insulin
Question 4.
Cultivation of Bt-cotton has been much in the news. The prefix Bt means
(а) ‘Bariun treated’ cotton seeds
(b) ‘Bigger thread’ variety of cotton with better transgenic strength.
(c) Produced ‘by biotechnology’ using restriction enzymes and ligasses.
(d) Carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis.
Answer
Answer: (d) Carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis.
Question 5.
The first antibiotic was discovered by
(a) Louis Pasteur
(b) R. Koch
(c) W.FIeming
(d) A. Fleming
Answer
Answer: (d) A. Fleming
Question 6.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) stands for
(a) Chemical control
(b) Biological control
(c) Host plant resistance
(d) Inegration of the above
Answer
Answer: (d) Inegration of the above
Question 7.
The micro-organism grown on molasses and sold as food flavouring substance is:
(a) Saccharomyces
(b) Rhizopus
(c) Acetobacter
(d) Lactobacillus
Answer
Answer: (a) Saccharomyces
Question 8.
Which one of the following is used in industrial preparation of ethanol?
(ia) Lactobacillus
(b) Azotobacter
(c) Penicillium
(d) Saccharomyces
Answer
Answer: (d) Saccharomyces
Question 9.
Yeast is an important source of
(a) Vitamin-C
(b) Ribioflavin
(c) Sugars
(d) Proteins
Answer
Answer: (b) Ribioflavin
Question 10.
Which one of the micro-organism is used for production of citric acid in industries?
(a) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
(b) Penicillum citrinum
(c) Aspergillus niger
(d) Rhizopus nigricans
Answer
Answer: (c) Aspergillus niger
Question 11.
Humulin is the term used for
(a) A new antibiotic
(b) A sex hormone
(c) Human insulin
(d) A vaccine
Answer
Answer: (c) Human insulin
Question 12.
Which of the following plants is used as biofertilizer?
(a) Nostoc
(b) Funaria
(c) Volvox
(d) Rhizopus
Answer
Answer: (a) Nostoc
Question 13.
Drinking of mineral water with very low levels of pesticides (about 0.02ppm) for long period may
(a) produce immunity against mosquito
(b) cause leukemia in most people
(c) cause cancer of the intestine
(d) lead to accumulation of pesticide residues in body fat
Answer
Answer: (d) lead to accumulation of pesticide residues in body fat
Question 14.
One of the following is a biofertilizer
(a) CMU
(b) DCMU
(c) VAM
(d) Agent orange
Answer
Answer: (c) VAM
Question 15.
Biofertilisers give better yield when added along with
(a) Phosphate
(b) Calcium
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Urea
Answer
Answer: (a) Phosphate
Question 16.
Which one of the following plants are used as green manure in crop fields and in sandy soils?
(a) Crotalaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum
(b) Calotropis procera and Phyllanthus niruri
(c) Saccharum munja and Lantana camara
(d) Dichanthium annulatum and Azolla nilotica
Answer
Answer: (a) Crotalaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum
Question 17.
Cyanobacteria helps farmers by
(a) Reducing the alkalinity of the soil
(b) Reducing the acidity of the soil
(c) Neutralising the alkalinity of the soil
(d) Water logging
Answer
Answer: (b) Reducing the acidity of the soil
Question 18.
Due to which of the following organism, yield of rice is increased?
(a) Anabaena
(b) Bacillus popilliae
(c) Sesbania
(d) Bacillus polymena
Answer
Answer: (a) Anabaena
Question 19.
Which one of the following plant is commonly used as green manure
(a) Dalbergia sisso
(b) Acacia nilotica
(c) Cassia fistula
(d) Crotalarca juncea
Answer
Answer: (d) Crotalarca juncea
Question 20.
Crop rotation is used by farmers to increase
(a) Soil fertility
(b) Nitrogenous content of soil
(c) Organic content of soil
(d) All of these
Answer
Answer: (a) Soil fertility
Fill in the Blanks
Question 1.
Vam stands for ……………….
Answer
Answer: Vasicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae
Question 2.
………………. is the association of fungi with root.
Answer
Answer: Mycorrhiza
Question 3.
………………. produces ………………. in leguminous crops.
Answer
Answer: Rhizobium, nodules
Question 4.
………………. is the chemical substance that destroys weeds in cultivated patch.
Answer
Answer: Herbicide
Question 5.
……………… are examples of cyanobacteria.
Answer
Answer: Anabaena, Nostoc, Rivularia
Question 6.
The first organic acid to be produced industrially by fermentation was ……………….
Answer
Answer: Lactic acid
Question 7.
The micro-organism grown on molasses and sold as a food flavouring is ……………….
Answer
Answer: Baker’s yeast
Question 8.
Crops can also be protected from ………………. by the method of starvation.
Answer
Answer: Pests
Question 9.
It is estimated that green manures ………………. crop yield by 30 to 50 percent.
Answer
Answer: enhance
Question 10.
It takes about ………………. months to prepare the compost.
Answer
Answer: 6-8 months.
Write True or False
Question 1.
Legumes are fruits of plants of the pea family.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 2.
Mycorrhiza is the association of algae and fungi.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 3.
Biofertilizers are inorganic minerals which bring about enrichment of soil.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 4.
The bacterium Bacills th’uringensis produces protein toxins.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 5.
Indian soils are usually poor in organic matter and in nitrogen.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 6.
Anabaena is an excellent fertilizer for rice.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 7.
The residue of gobar gas plant is a kind of green manure.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 8.
Manures are partially decomposed organic materials added to the soil.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 9.
Azaadirachtin is an antifeedant compound present in neem extract.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 10.
Genetically produced human insulin is named Humulin.
Answer
Answer: True
One Word Questions
Question 1.
Name a biopesticide obtained from neem.
Answer
Answer: Azadirachtin.
Question 2.
Name the organism that fixes nitrogen in association with Brazillian grass
Answer
Answer: Azospirillum Lipoferum.
Question 3.
Which bacterium contains insecticidal crystal protein- hurioside and kills a wide range of insects?
Answer
Answer: Bacillus thuringiensis.
Question 4.
Name the insecticides which are obtained from the roots of Derris elliptica.
Answer
Answer: Rotenones.
Question 5.
Which symbiotic nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium lives in association with Azolla?
Answer
Answer: Anabaena Azollae.
Question 6.
Name two types of fermentation processes.
Answer
Answer: Batch process and continuous process.
Question 7.
Formation of vinegar from alcohol is caused by what?
Answer
Answer: Acetobacter aceii.
Question 8.
Antibiotic terramycin is obtained from which organism?
Answer
Answer: Streptomyces ramosus.
Question 9.
Name an undistilled alcoholic beverage which is produced from fruit-juice fermentation.
Answer
Answer: Wine.
Question 10.
Which enzyme is extracted from stomach of calf and used in cheese making.
Answer
Answer: Rennin.
Match the Following
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Azolla | A. Azospirillum |
| 2. Maize | B. Mycorrbiza |
| 3. Pea | C. Anabaena |
| 4. Pine | D. Ashbya gossypii, Yeast |
| 5. Citric acid | F. Rhizobium |
| 6. Vitamin B12 | G. Aspergillus niger |
Answer
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| 1. Azolla | C. Anabaena |
| 2. Maize | A. Azospirillum |
| 3. Pea | F. Rhizobium |
| 4. Pine | B. Mycorrbiza |
| 5. Citric acid | G. Aspergillus niger |
| 6. Vitamin B12 | D. Ashbya gossypii, Yeast |
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