Reviewing the Class 8 SST Extra Questions and Class 8 SST Chapter 7 Factors of Production Extra Questions before exams can boost your confidence.
Factors of Production Class 8 Extra Question Answer
Extra Questions of Factors of Production Class 8
Factors of Production Class 8 Very Short Question Answer
Question 1.
Explain the difference between labour and human capital with examples.
Answer:
Labour refers to the physical and mental effort used in production. For example, a construction worker performing a task is providing labour. Human capital refers to the specialised skills, knowledge and expertise that improve the quality and efficiency of labour. For example, a trained engineer or teacher represents human capital.
Question 2.
Why is technology considered an enabler of production?
Answer:
Technology is considered an enabler of production because it helps other factors of production work more efficiently. It improves productivity, saves time and makes it easier to produce goods and services. For example, tractors help farmers cultivate land more efficiently, while digital platforms support learning and employment.
Question 3.
What are the key responsibilities of producers towards natural resources?
Answer:
Producers should use natural resources responsibly and sustainably. They should reduce waste and pollution, recycle materials wherever possible and protect biodiversity. These practices help ensure that natural resources remain available for future generations.
Factors of Production Class 8 Short Question Answer
Question 1.
Explain how education and training together develop human capital.
Answer:
Education and training are important facilitators of human capital. Education provides knowledge, understanding and the ability to solve problems, while training develops the practical skills needed for a particular job. For example, a student may learn scientific concepts in school through education and later learn how to apply them through training. Together, education and training improve the quality and efficiency of labour and help people perform their work more effectively.
Question 2.
How do different sectors use factors of production in different proportions, and why is this important?
Answer:
Different sectors use factors of production in different proportions depending on the nature of their work. Agriculture and handicrafts are generally labour-intensive because they require more human effort and skills. Industries such as semiconductor manufacturing are capital-intensive because they depend heavily on machinery, equipment and technology. Understanding these differences is important because it helps businesses use resources efficiently and make better decisions about investment and production.
Factors of Production Class 8 Long Question Answer
Question 1.
Explain how India’s ancient skill heritage continues to influence modern production and why preserving this heritage is important.
Answer:
India’s ancient skill heritage reflects the knowledge, craftsmanship and dedication of generations of skilled artisans and workers, and it continues to influence production even today.
- Ancient Indians developed advanced skills in fields such as architecture, sculpture, painting, jewellery-making and shipbuilding.
- Texts such as the Shilpa Shastras provided detailed guidelines that helped artisans achieve high standards of quality and precision.
- Many traditional skills and techniques have been passed down from one generation to the next and continue to be practised today.
- Traditional crafts and industries provide employment opportunities and support local economies.
- These skills preserve cultural knowledge and showcase India’s rich heritage to the world.
- Combining traditional knowledge with modern technology can help improve production while preserving valuable skills and techniques.
Thus, preserving India’s ancient skill heritage is important because it protects cultural traditions, supports livelihoods and allows future generations to benefit from centuries of accumulated knowledge.
Question 2.
Analyse the role of entrepreneurship in economic development, using J.R.D. Tata as an example.
Answer:
Entrepreneurship plays a vital role in economic development by bringing together resources, creating opportunities and driving innovation.
- Entrepreneurs identify opportunities, take risks and combine land, labour, capital and technology to produce goods and services.
- They create employment opportunities and contribute to economic growth by starting and expanding businesses.
- Entrepreneurs introduce new ideas and innovations that improve productivity and meet people’s changing needs.
- J.R.D. Tata demonstrated the qualities of a successful entrepreneur through his vision, leadership and willingness to take initiative.
- In 1932, he started Tata Airlines, which later became Air India, and helped expand the Tata Group into several industries.
- He believed that businesses should contribute to society as well as earn profits and was known for caring about employee welfare.
Therefore, entrepreneurship is an important driver of economic development because it promotes innovation, generates employment and contributes to the overall progress of society.
Factors of Production Class 8 Case Based Questions
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
1. Ratna runs a small restaurant called Pause Point Café on a busy highway. To start her business, she brought together different factors of production. She selected a suitable location to attract travellers and arranged capital through her personal savings and a bank loan, for which she paid interest. She hired several workers and provided them with training in cooking and customer service, helping them improve their skills. She purchased stoves, utensils, tables and chairs needed for the restaurant. Fresh vegetables and other ingredients were sourced from nearby suppliers. As an entrepreneur, Ratna regularly introduced new menu items and improved services based on customer feedback. She also adopted digital payment systems and food delivery apps to serve customers more efficiently and reach more customers.
(i) Name any two factors of production used by Ratna in running her restaurant.
Answer:
Any two: Land (restaurant location), labour (workers), capital (savings, loan, equipment), entrepreneurship (Ratna’s decisions and management).
(ii) How did Ratna help develop human capital in her business?
Answer:
Ratna developed human capital by training her workers in cooking and customer service, helping them improve their skills and productivity.
(iii) What does the passage suggest about the role of an entrepreneur in business?
Answer:
The passage shows that entrepreneurs combine and organise the factors of production to run a business. They also introduce new ideas and technologies to improve efficiency, satisfy customers and support business growth.
Class 8 Factors of Production Extra Questions for Practice
Question 1.
The study of factors of production helps us understand:
(a) How to spend money
(b) How resources are organised to produce goods and services
(c) How to start a business alone
(d) How to become wealthy
Question 2.
Which sector is described as labour-intensive?
(a) Semiconductor manufacturing
(b) Satellite production
(c) Agriculture and construction
(d) Stock market trading
Question 3.
The Japanese concept of ‘kaizen’ means:
(a) Quality control only
(b) Cost reduction only
(c) Continuous improvement
(d) Mass production
Question 4.
Why is capital important in production?
(a) It provides natural resources.
(b) It provides physical and financial resources needed for production.
(c) It replaces all other factors of production.
(d) It is only used by large businesses.
The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions by selecting the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Question 5.
Assertion (A) : Human capital is more valuable than physical capital in modern economies.
Reason (R) : Skilled workers with knowledge and expertise can use physical capital more productively.
Question 6.
Assertion (A) : The stitched shipbuilding technique of ancient India shows sophisticated technology.
Reason (R) : It involved stitching wooden planks with cords instead of nails, allowing flexibility for ocean navigation.
Question 7.
________ refers to the specialised skills and knowledge that individuals possess and that make their labour more productive.
Question 8.
India’s ________ law passed in 2014 mandates profitable companies to spend 2 per cent of average profits on social welfare.
Question 9.
The ________ is a network of individuals and organisations involved in production and sale of goods.
Question 10.
Education and training are the same thing and serve identical purposes.
Question 11.
Technology always decreases the need for labour in all industries.
Question 12.
Entrepreneurship involves only making profit without considering social responsibility.
Question 13.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
A manufacturing company in Gujarat wanted to expand its production of solar panels. The company invested in modern machinery and digital monitoring systems to improve efficiency. However, it soon realised that many workers did not have the technical skills required to operate the new equipment. To address this problem, the company organised training programmes and partnered with a nearby technical institute. As workers gained new skills, production quality improved and fewer errors occurred. The company also provided regular health check-ups and safe working conditions. The management believed that investing in workers’ skills and wellbeing would help the business grow in the long run.
(a) Why did the company organise training programmes for its workers?
(b) How did healthcare and safe working conditions contribute to the development of human capital?
(c) What does this case suggest about the relationship between technology, human capital and productivity?
Question 14.
What is the difference between a skill and human capital?
Question 15.
How has technology eliminated geographical barriers in learning and employment?
Question 16.
Why is stitched shipbuilding shown as an example of India’s ancient skill heritage?
Question 17.
What is human capital? Explain the factors that help develop it.
Question 18.
Discuss how the factors of production are interconnected in any industry of your choice.
OR
How can India maximise its demographic dividend? Explain with reference to factors of production and human capital development.