Detailed Understanding Society India and Beyond Class 9 Solutions and Class 9 Social Science SST Chapter 6 Democracy Question Answer NCERT Solutions make it easier to complete textbook exercises.
Class 9 SST Chapter 6 Democracy Question Answer
Class 9 Democracy Question Answer
The Big Questions (Page No. 137)
Question 1.
How has the idea of democracy evolved over time and shaped our understanding of it today?
Answer:
The idea of democracy has evolved from early collective decision-making systems in Vedic assemblies like Sabha and Samiti, where people participated in discussions, to modern constitutional democracy based on elections and rights. Over time, struggles for freedom and global democratic ideas shaped today’s system focused on equality, liberty, justice, and participation.
Question 2.
What are the different forms of democracy and how are they practiced in India and other parts of the world?
Answer:
The different forms of democracy and their practice in India and other parts of the world are
- Direct Democracy: In this form, citizens directly participate in decision-making. It is practiced in Switzerland.
- Representative Democracy: In this form, people elect representatives to govern on their behalf. It is practiced in India.
- Parliamentary Democracy: The executive is part of the legislature and is accountable to it, as in India and the UK.
- Presidential Democracy: The executive is independent of the legislature, as in the United States of America.
Question 3.
What are the essential features of a democracy and how do they extend beyond government institutions?
Answer:
A democracy is based on essential principles such as popular sovereignty, rule of law, fundamental rights, separation of powers, accountability, and transparency. These ideas make sure that authority is used fairly and that all citizens are treated equally under the law. However, democracy is not restricted only to institutions like the Parliament or judiciary. It is also visible in daily life through people’s awareness, responsible actions, participation in public matters, and respect for others’ rights and differences. Therefore, democracy works properly only when both the government system and citizens actively follow and support its values.
Question 4.
What are the challenges faced by Indian democracy?
Answer:
The challenges faced by Indian democracy are as follows.
- Illiteracy and Misinformation: Lack of education and fake news on social media mislead citizens and affect informed participation.
- Poverty and Inequality: Social and economic inequalities reduce equal participation in democratic processes.
- Regionalism and Social Discrimination: Divisions based on region, caste, gender, and religion weaken unity and fairness in participation.
- Weak Implementation of Laws: Poor enforcement of policies and rules reduces public trust in democratic institutions.
Democracy Question Answer Class 9
InText Questions
Question 1.
Why is it important that the ultimate source of power rests with the people in a democracy? (Page No. 140)
Answer:
The ultimate source of power must rest with the people in a democracy because
- People elect their representatives through free and fair elections, ensuring that the government derives its authority from the people.
- It makes the government accountable to the people, as citizens can evaluate its performance and choose their leaders through regular elections.
Question 2.
How does people’s participation through voting strengthen popular sovereignty? (Page No. 140)
Answer:
People’s participation through voting strengthens popular sovereignty in the following ways.
- It allows citizens to choose their representatives, ensuring that the government derives its authority from the will of the people.
- It enables people to take part in the governance of the country, making them the ultimate source of power in a democracy.
Question 3.
The Constitution not only guarantees Fundamental Rights to citizens but also outlines their Fundamental Duties and the Directive Principles of State Policy. Discuss their significance and identify the differences among them. (Page No. 141)
Answer:
The Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties, and Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) are significant because they help strengthen democracy, protect citizens, and guide the government in promoting social welfare. The differences among them are as follows.
| Basis | Fundamental Rights | Fundamental Duties | Directive Principles of State Policy |
| Purpose | Protect the rights and freedoms of citizens | Promote responsible citizenship | Guide the government in governance and policy-making |
| Applicability | Available to citizens (and some to all persons) | Expected to be followed by citizens | Meant for the State/Government |
| Enforceability | Enforceable in courts | Not enforceable in courts | Not enforceable in courts |
| Focus | Rights and freedoms | Duties and responsibilities | Social and economic welfare |
Question 4.
The Right to Education (Article 21A) was added in 2009, ensuring free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 4. Discuss its significance. (Page No. 141)
Answer:
The Right to Education ensures free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years. It helps reduce illiteracy and provides equal access to schooling for all children, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds. It promotes equality by removing social and financial barriers to education. It also strengthens democracy by creating an educated and aware population capable of active civic participation. Overall, it supports social justice and contributes to national development.
Question 5.
What do you think would happen if the same organ of the government made laws, implemented them and enforced them? Share your opinion with your classmates. (Page No. 142)
Answer:
If the same organ of the government made laws, implemented them, and enforced them, power would become concentrated in one institution. This could lead to the misuse of authority and arbitrary decision-making. There would be no effective system of checks and balances to hold the government accountable.
Citizens’ rights and freedoms might also be threatened because there would be no independent body to review or challenge unfair laws and actions. Therefore, the separation of powers among the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary is essential for protecting democracy, ensuring accountability and safeguarding citizens’ rights.
Question 6.
The first column of the table below lists some key features of democracy in India. Fill in the second column with suitable examples from your state, town or village. One row has been completed for you. (Page No. 145)
Answer:
| Features of Democracy | Examples |
| Popular Sovereignty | Citizens elect their representatives through free and fair elections at the national, state, and local levels. |
| Rule of Law | Courts ensure that all persons are equal before the law and that disputes are settled according to legal procedures. |
| Separation of Powers | The Legislature makes laws, the Executive implements them, and the Judiciary interprets them and reviews unconstitutional laws. |
| Fundamental Rights | Citizens enjoy freedoms such as freedom of speech and expression and can approach courts to enforce their rights. |
| Accountability and Transparency | Parliamentary procedures such as Question Hour and the auditing of government accounts ensure accountability. Laws like the Right to Information provide transparency. |
| Multi-Party System | Different political parties contest elections, allowing voters to choose from a variety of candidates and policies. |
Question 7.
Select your ideal team from the given image and give reasons for your selection. (Page No. 148)
Answer:
I would choose Team B because it follows the principles of representative democracy. Students first elect their class representatives, who then elect the Students’ Council President. The President and the representatives make decisions together, ensuring participation, accountability, and shared decision-making. This system also prevents the concentration of power in one person and reflects the democratic model followed in countries like India.
Question 8.
Work in pairs or small groups. Choose any two of India’s neighbouring countries and find out the following. (Page No. 149)
- Does the country hold regular elections?
- Who chooses the Head of the Government?
- Is there more than one political party?
- How much freedom do citizens have to express their opinions and criticise the government?
- How would you describe this system? Give reasons for your answer: Democratic, Partially Democratic or Non-Democratic.
Answer:
I have chosen Bangladesh and China
| Criteria | Bangladesh | China |
| Does the country hold regular elections? | Yes, regular elections are held. | No competitive national elections are held. |
| Who chooses the Head of the Government? | The Prime Minister is chosen through the parliamentary system after elections. | The leadership is chosen by the ruling Communist Party. |
| Is there more than one political party? | Yes, multiple political parties exist and contest elections. | Other minor parties exist, but the Communist Party dominates political power. |
| Freedom to express opinions and criticise the government | Citizens have freedom of expression, though there are some restrictions and concerns regarding political freedoms. | Freedom of expression and criticism of the government is significantly restricted. |
| Type of System | Partially Democratic | Non-Democratic |
| Reason | Elections and multiple parties exist, but concerns remain regarding the fairness of political competition and freedoms. | Political power is concentrated in a single dominant party and citizens have limited political freedoms. |
Question 9.
A democratic system seeks to promote participation, ensure fairness, limit the concentration of power, and resolve disagreements peacefully. Identify examples from the above case study that reflect these features. (Page No. 152)
Answer:
The case study reflects democratic features in the following ways.
- Participation: Citizens actively participated in decision-making through elections, Gram Sabhas, and local self-government institutions.
- Fairness: Equal voting rights under Universal Adult Franchise ensure that all adult citizens can participate in the democratic process without discrimination.
- Limiting the Concentration of Power: The separation of powers among the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary prevents any one institution from becoming too powerful.
- Peaceful Resolution of Disagreements: Public debates, discussions, elections, courts and democratic institutions help resolve differences and conflicts through lawful and peaceful means.
Question 10.
India continues to work towards more inclusive institutions. Discuss in class the advantages of increased representation of women in the legislature. (Page No. 153)
Answer:
Increased representation of women in the legislature has the following.
- It promotes gender equality by ensuring that women have a greater role in decision-making and governance.
- It makes institutions more inclusive and representative, as women’s perspectives and concerns are reflected in laws and policies.
- It encourages women’s participation in public life and politics, inspiring more women to take leadership roles.
- It helps address issues related to health, education, sanitation, and social welfare more effectively, contributing to overall development.
- It strengthens democracy by ensuring broader participation and representation of all sections of society.
Question 11.
As we studied in earlier grades, the village serves as a unit of grassroots democracy in India, empowering rural communities to participate in decision-making processes. Many Indian leaders, such as Chaudhary Charan Singh and Babu Jagjivan Ram, who emerged from these rural backgrounds, advocated for the rights of the rural poor and other marginalised sections of society. Explore and discuss the contributions of eminent Indian leaders who worked towards strengthening grassroots democracy. (Page No. 154)
Answer:
Eminent Indian leaders have made significant contributions towards strengthening grassroots democracy in India. Some of them are
- Chaudhary Charan Singh worked for the welfare of farmers and rural communities. He advocated policies that protected the interests of the rural poor and promoted their participation in governance.
- Babu Jagjivan Ram worked for the upliftment of marginalised sections of society, especially Scheduled Castes. He promoted social justice, equality, and greater representation of weaker sections in public life.
Question 12.
In small groups, identify two or three examples of information shared on social media that you believe may be misleading or false. Discuss what made you question their reliability and how such information can influence people’s opinions. Reflect on why access to accurate and authentic information is important in a democracy. (Page No. 155)
Answer:
Examples of information on social media that may be misleading or false include fake news about elections, edited videos that present events out of context, and unverified messages claiming government schemes or policies that do not actually exist. These posts may be unreliable because they often come from unknown sources, lack evidence, contain exaggerated claims, or are not supported by trustworthy news reports or official statements. Such misinformation can influence people’s opinions by creating confusion, spreading rumours, and shaping public views based on incorrect facts.
Access to accurate and authentic information is important in a democracy because it helps citizens form informed opinions on public issues, understand how democracy functions and participate responsibly in decision-making. Reliable information also promotes transparency, accountability, and trust in democratic institutions.
Question 13.
Observe the figure and explore the various other digital and non-digital ways through which you can participate in a democracy. (Page No. 156)
Answer:
We can participate in a democracy through understanding the Constitution, participating in nation-building activities such as NCC, NSS, Bharat Scouts & Guides, following Fundamental Duties, being media literate, and taking leadership in school and community. These ways help citizens become responsible and active participants in democracy.
Question 14.
Think: How do your actions as a student contribute to your school community and to democracy in a larger context?
Discuss: Talk to your classmates about a social or community issue that you care about. How can you, as a student, make a difference?
Act: Choose one activity to fulfil your civic responsibility this month. Reflect on how your actions contribute to strengthening democracy and community spirit. (Page No. 157)
Answer:
Think: As a student, my actions contribute to my school community by following rules, respecting teachers and classmates, participating in activities, and helping maintain discipline. In the larger context of democracy, these habits build responsibility, cooperation, and respect for others’ rights.
Discuss: One social issue I care about is cleanliness in my community. As a student, I can make a difference by spreading awareness, avoiding littering, encouraging others to keep surroundings clean, and participating in cleanliness drives.
Act: For my civic responsibility this month, I will take part in a cleanliness or tree-plantation activity. This will help improve my surroundings and strengthen democracy by promoting active participation, responsibility, and community spirit among citizens.
Democracy Class 9 Questions and Answers
Questions and Activities (Page No. 158-159)
Question 1.
Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.
A school cabinet was responsible for planning a Republic Day celebration, and members had different opinions on which activities to include. After a discussion, they decided to vote, and the activities supported by the majority were selected.
(a) Which democratic values are reflected in this situation?
(b) How does voting help resolve differences of opinion?
(c) Why is the majority decision important in a democracy?
(d) Mention responsibilities of elected representatives after a decision is made.
Answer:
(a) The democratic values reflected in this situation are discussion, participation, equality, and decision-making through voting. It also shows respect for others’ opinions.
(b) Voting helps resolve differences of opinion by giving everyone a fair chance to express their choice, and the option supported by the majority is selected, ensuring an acceptable decision for all.
(c) The majority decision is important in a democracy because it reflects the choice of most people and ensures a fair and workable outcome while maintaining unity in decision-making.
(d) The responsibilities of elected representatives after a decision is made include implementing the decision effectively, ensuring proper execution of planned activities, maintaining accountability, and working in the interest of all members.
Question 2.
How would democracy be affected if citizens stopped following laws and civic responsibilities? Explain with an example.
Answer:
Democracy would be affected in the following ways if citizens stopped following laws and civic responsibilities.
- Breakdown of Rule of Law: If laws are not followed, equality before the law weakens, and justice cannot be maintained properly.
- Loss of Public Order: Violation of rules leads to chaos, indiscipline, and difficulties in smooth governance.
- Weakening of Democratic Institutions: Government bodies find it difficult to function effectively due to lack of cooperation from citizens.
- Loss of Trust in Democracy: Continuous violation of laws reduces people’s faith in democratic systems and governance.
Question 3.
Which situation best reflects the idea of popular sovereignty and why?
(a) A law is passed without public discussion
(b) Citizens vote to choose their representatives
(c) A court gives a final judgment
(d) A minister takes an independent decision
Answer:
(b) Citizens vote to choose their representatives
Question 4.
The Rule of Law is violated when.
(a) Laws are applied equally to all
(b) Courts review government actions above the law
(c) Powerful individuals are treated above the law
(d) Citizens challenge laws through legal means
Answer:
(c) Powerful individuals are treated above the law.
Question 5.
Why is the Rule of Law essential for protecting democracy?
Answer:
The Rule of Law is essential for protecting democracy because
- It ensures equality before the law, meaning all citizens are treated equally, and no one is above the law.
- It prevents misuse of power by authorities and protects citizens’ rights through fair legal procedures and justice.
Question 6.
Is voting alone enough to make a country democratic? Support your answer with examples from the chapter.
Answer:
Voting alone is not enough to make a country democratic because democracy also requires rights, rule of law, accountability, and participation in decision-making.
For example, democracy is based on Fundamental Rights, Rule of Law, separation of powers, and transparency. But during the Emergency (1975-77), Fundamental Rights were suspended, and press freedom was restricted. Therefore, true democracy needs both voting and protection of democratic principles.
Question 7.
Social media allows people to express opinions freely.
(a) How can this strengthen democracy?
(b) How can it weaken democracy if used irresponsibly?
Answer:
(a) Social media can strengthen democracy in the following ways.
- It promotes freedom of expression by allowing citizens to share opinions on public issues.
- It increases public participation and awareness by spreading information quickly.
(b) Social media can weaken democracy if used irresponsibly in the following ways.
- It spreads fake news and misinformation, which can mislead people and create confusion.
- It can create social conflicts and divisions, affecting harmony and trust in society.
Question 8.
Write a paragraph on what democracy means to you as a young citizen.
Answer:
Democracy means to me a system where every citizen has equal rights, freedom, and opportunities to participate in decision-making. As a young citizen, it allows me to express my views, vote in the future, and be responsible towards society. It teaches equality, justice, and respect for laws, helping build a fair and strong nation.
Question 9.
Conduct a model parliament session or Gram Sabha in class on local issues-cleanliness, responsibilities towards public property, or school safety.
Answer:
Do it yourself.
Question 10.
Choose any one democratic institution in India (such as Parliament, Election Commission, Judiciary or Panchayat). Prepare a short note explaining.
(a) Its role in democracy.
(b) How does it ensure accountability and participation?
Answer:
For this question, we have given explanations of different democratic institutions. Students may choose any one according to their preference.
Parliament
(a) The Parliament is the supreme legislative body of India. It makes laws, discusses important national issues, and represents the people of the country. It ensures that the government functions according to the Constitution and reflects the will of the people. It also plays a key role in debating policies and shaping decisions for national development.
(b) The Parliament ensures accountability through debates, discussions, and mechanisms like the Question Hour, during which Members of Parliament question ministers about their work and policies. This makes the government answerable for its actions. It also ensures participation by representing people from different regions and backgrounds, allowing their concerns to be raised in the Parliament.
Election Commission
(a) The Election Commission of India is responsible for conducting free and fair elections in the country. It ensures that elections to Parliament, State Legislatures, and local bodies are held transparently and impartially. It also regulates political parties and enforces election rules so that the democratic process functions smoothly.
(b) The Election Commission ensures accountability by strictly monitoring the conduct of elections and implementing the Model Code of Conduct for political parties. It prevents misuse of power, money, and influence during elections. It also ensures participation by providing every eligible citizen the right to vote freely and safely, so that all voices are included in the democratic process.
Judiciary
(a) The Judiciary plays an important role in democracy by interpreting the laws and ensuring justice. It safeguards the Fundamental Rights of citizens and ensures that all laws are in accordance with the Constitution. It also resolves disputes between individuals, states, and the government, and maintains the rule of law in the country.
(b) The Judiciary ensures accountability by reviewing the actions of the executive and legislature and striking down laws that violate the Constitution. It also promotes participation through mechanisms like Public Interest Litigation (PIL), which allows citizens to directly approach the courts for justice and raise issues of public importance.
Panchayat
(a) The Panchayat is the basic unit of local self-government in rural India. It works at the village level and helps in taking decisions related to local development such as sanitation, water supply, education, and welfare schemes. It brings democracy to the grassroots level by allowing people to directly participate in decision-making.
(b) The Panchayat ensures accountability by working under the Gram Sabha, where villagers can question and review its work. It also ensures participation by involving local people in meetings and decision-making processes, allowing them to express their needs and take part in planning and development activities.
Question 11.
What role does the Constitution play in strengthening democracy in India?
Answer:
The Constitution plays the following role in strengthening democracy in India.
- It provides the framework of government, defining the structure and functioning of democratic institutions.
- It guarantees Fundamental Rights, ensuring freedom, equality, and protection of citizens.
- It establishes the Rule of Law, making all citizens equal before the law.
- It ensures separation of powers and accountability, maintaining checks and balances among institutions.
Question 12.
What challenges do you think democracy in India faces today?
Answer:
The challenges faced by Indian democracy are as follows.
- Illiteracy and Misinformation: Lack of education and fake news on social media mislead citizens and affect informed participation.
- Poverty and Inequality: Social and economic inequalities reduce equal participation in democratic processes.
- Regionalism and Social Discrimination: Divisions based on region, caste, gender, and religion weaken unity and fairness in participation.
- Weak Implementation of Laws: Poor enforcement of policies and rules reduces public trust in democratic institutions.