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In this page, you can find CBSE Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Gender Religion and Caste Pdf free download, NCERT Extra Questions for Class 10 Social Science will make your practice complete.

Class 10 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Gender Religion and Caste

Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What is the term used for a person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men?
Answer:
The term used for such a person is ‘feminist’.

Question 2.
What is sexual division of labour?
Answer:
It is a term referring to the specialised gender roles of male bread winner and female housewife. In other woods, it is a system in which all work inside the home is either done by the women of the family or organised by them through the domestic helpers and men do all the work outside the home.

Question 3.
Which types of movements are called feminist movements?
Answer:
The movements demanding enhancement in the political and legal status of women and improvement in their educational and career opportunities are called feminist movements.

Question 4.
Mention two factors that helped to improve women’s role in public life.
Answer:

• Political expression of gender division.
• Political mobilisation on this issue.

Question 5.
Name the countries where the participation of women in public life is very high. (Imp)
Answer:
Sweden, Norway and Finland.

Question 6.
What is the Equal Remuneration (Wages) Act? (Imp)
Answer:
The Equal Remuneration Act was passed in 1976. This Act provides that equal wages should be paid to equal work regardless of gender status.

Question 7.
Is the Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 successfully implemented?
Answer:
No. In spite of this Act, women are not paid equally. In almost all areas of work, women are paid less than men, even when both do exactly the same work.

Question 8.
What is the share of women in the state assemblies?
Answer:
The share of women in the state assemblies is below 5 percent.

Question 9.
What does the concept of patriarchy refer to? (Imp)
Answer:
Patriarchy is a concept which is based on male domination. It refers to a system that values men more and gives them power over women. As a result, women face disadvantage, discrimination and oppression in various ways.

Question 10.
How did Gandhiji view religion and politics?
Answer:
According to Gandhiji, religion can never be separated from politics. What he meant by religion was not any particular religion like Hinduism or Islam but moral values that inform all religions. He believed that politics must be guided by ethics drawn from religion.

Question 11.
What are family laws?
OR
What do family laws deal with?
Answer:
Family laws are those laws that deal with family related matters such as marriage, divorce, adoption, inheritance, etc.

Question 12.
Why do women want the government to change family law?
OR
What argument is given by women’s movement regarding family laws? What do they demand?
Answer:
Women’s movement argues that family laws of all religions discriminate against women. So they demand that government should change these laws to make them more equitable.

Question 13.
What idea is communal politics based on?
Answer:
Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community.

Question 14.
What is needed to combat communalism?
Answer:
Communal prejudices and propaganda need to be countered in everyday life and religion-based mobilisation needs to be countered in the political domain.

Question 15.
Why did the makers of our Constitution choose the model of a secular state?
Answer:
Communalism was one of the major challenges to democracy in India. The Constitution makers were aware of this challenge. Therefore, they made India a secular state in which no religion was given special status.

Question 16.
What was caste system in India based on?
Answer:
Caste system in India was based on exclusion of and discrimination against the outcast groups which included dalits and adivasis. These people were subjected to inhuman treatment by the upper castes.

Question 17.
Name some of the political leaders and social reformers who worked to establish a society sans caste inequalities.
Answer:
Jotiba Phule, Gandhiji, B.R. Ambedkar and Periyar Ramaswami Naicker.

Question 18.
What do you mean by occupational mobility?
Answer:
Occupational mobility means shift from one occupation to another, usually when a new generation takes up occupations other than those practised by their ancestors.

Question 19.
What is caste hierarchy?
Answer:
Caste hierarchy is a ladder like formation in which all the caste groups are placed from the highest to the lowest castes.

Question 20.
What is communal politics? (Imp)
Answer:
When beliefs of one religion are presented as superior to those of other religions, when the demands of one religious group are formed in opposition to another and when state power is used to establish domination of one religious group over the rest, this manner of using religion in politics is communal politics.

Question 21.
What does it mean when people say that a caste is a ‘vote bank’ of one party?
Answer:
It usually means that a large proportion of the voters from that caste vote for that party.

Question 22.
Which new kinds of caste groups have come in today’s political domain?
Answer:
Backward and forward caste groups have come in today’s political domain.

Question 23.
What proportion of the country’s population do the SCs, STs and OBCs together account for? (Imp)
Answer:
They account for about two-third of the country’s population.

Question 24.
What is the literacy rate among men and women in India?
Answer:
The literacy rate among men and women is 76 percent and 54 percent respectively.

Question 25.
What is the male/female ratio in India, as per the census of 2011?
Answer:
It is 1000 males and 914 females.

Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
‘Political expression of gender division and political mobilisation on this question helped to improve women’s role in public life?’ Support the statement.
Answer:

• Yes, these factors have definitely improved women’s status in public domain. They can be seen in almost all fields.
• We now find women working as scientists, doctors, engineers, lawyers, managers and colleges and university teachers which were earlier not considered suitable for women.
• In some parts of the world such as Sweden, Norway and Finland, the participation of women in public life is very high.

Question 2.
How can the status of women representation in India’s legislative bodies be improved?
Answer:
It is unfortunate that in our country, the proportion of women in legislature has been very low. For example, the percentage of elected women members in Lok Sabha is just 10 percent. Their share in the state assemblies is below 5 percent. One way to solve this problem is to make it legally binding to have a fair proportion of women in the elected bodies.

Women’s organisations and activists are trying their best in this direction. They have been demanding reservation of at least one-third of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women just as it is in the Panchayati Raj. Let’s see when it converts into a reality.

Question 3.
Give two instances that involve a relationship between religion and politics.
Answer:
(i) Human rights groups in our country have argued that most of the victims of communal riots in our country are people from religious minorities. They have demanded that the government take special steps to protect religious minorities.

(ii) Women’s movement has argued that family laws of all religions discriminate against women. So they have demanded that government should change these laws to make them more equitable.

Question 4.
What factors contribute to the breaking down of age-old caste hierarchy?
Answer:
The old notions of caste hierarchy are now breaking down. The factors that have contributed to it are given below-
(i) Many political leaders and social reformers like Jotiba Phule, Mahatma Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, Periyar Ramaswami Naicker, etc. raised voice against this evil and advocated and worked to establish a society in which caste inequalities are absent.

(ii) The contribution of socio-economic changes is worth-mentioning. With economic development, large scale urbanisation, growth of literacy and education, occupational mobility and the weakening position of landlords in the villages, the caste hierarchy is breaking down.

(iii) The Constitution of India has made provisions that prohibit any caste-based discrimination. It has also laid the foundations of policies to reverse the injustices of the caste system. These developments have considerably weakened the caste system in India.

Question 5.
Mention the factors other than caste that matter in electoral politics.
Answer:
Caste matters in electoral politics, no doubt, but other factors equally play important role in election results in India-
(i) The voters have strong attachment to political parties which is often stronger than their attach-ment to their caste or community.

(ii) People within the same caste or community have different interests depending on their economic condition. Rich and poor or men and women from the same caste often vote very differently.

(iii) People’s assessment of the performance of the government and the popularity rating of the lenders matter and often determine the election results.

Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
‘Gender division is not based on biology but on social expectations and stereotypes’. Explain.
Answer:
It is a fact which can be reflected through the following arguments-
(i) Boys and girls are brought up to believe that the main responsibility of women is house work and bringing up children.

(ii) Women do all work inside the home such as cooking, washing clothes, etc. and men do all the work outside the home. This is reflected in the sexual division of labour in most families.

(iii) It is not that men cannot do house work, they simply think that it is for women to do these things. Similarly, it is not that women do not work outside their home.

(iv) In fact majority of women do some sort of paid work in addition to domestic labour. But their work is not valued.

(v) We see a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies. When we look at school results, girls perform as well as boys, if not better in some places. But they drop out because their parents prefer to spend their resources on their boys’ education rather than spending equally on their sons and daughters. The motives of the parents behind this are clear. They think that girls will go to husband’s house after marriage while boys will stay back with them.

Question 2.
Mention various forms of casteism in Indian politics.
OR
What role does caste play in Indian politics?
Answer:
Caste can take various forms in Indian politics-
(i) When parties choose candidates in elections, they keep in mind the caste composition of the electorate and nominate candidates from different castes so as to muster necessary support to win elections.

(ii) When governments are formed, political parties usually take care that representatives of different castes and tribes find a place in it.

(iii) Political parties and candidates in elections make appeals to caste sentiment to win voters’ support. Some political parties favour some castes and are seen as their representatives.

(iv) Universal adult franchise and the principle of one-person-one-vote made political leaders to gear up to the task of mobilising and securing political support.

(v) It also brought new consciousness among the people of castes that were treated as inferior and low until this time.

Question 3.
Explain various forms that communalism can take in politics.
Answer:
Different forms of communal politics are
(i) The most common expression of communal politics is in everyday beliefs. These involve religious prejudices, stereotypes of religious communities and belief in the superiority of one’s religion over other religions. Example Militant religious groups.

(ii) A communal mind aspires for political dominance of one’s own religious community. For those belonging to majority community, this takes the form of majoritarian dominance. For those belonging to the minority community, it can take the form of a desire to form a separate political unit. Example Separatist leaders in Jammu and Kashmir desire to form a separate state.

(iii) Political mobilisation on religious lines is also a form of communal politics. This involves the use of religious symbols and leaders, emotional appeal and fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political domain.

Example— Many of our politicians apply this technique to influence voters from major religious communities.

(iv) Communal politics sometimes takes the form of communal violence, riots and massacre. Example The riots in India at the time of the partition in 1947, the riots of Gujarat in 2002, in Muzaffarnagar in 2013, etc.

Question 4.
What factors have brought about a change in the Indian caste system in modern times? Explain.
OR
Explain the factors that have led to the weakening of the caste system in India.
Answer:
(i) Spread of education has broadened people’s outlook and has changed their mindset especially in urban areas where it does not matter much who is walking along next to us on a street or eating at the next table in a restaurant.

(ii) People in general are becoming more tolerant regarding caste issue. They don’t let caste factor come in between their friendship. They have many things more important than caste to think over.

The old notions of caste hierarchy are now breaking down. The factors that have contributed to it are given below-

(i) Many political leaders and social reformers like Jotiba Phule, Mahatma Gandhi, B.R. Ambedkar, Periyar Ramaswami Naicker, etc. raised voice against this evil and advocated and worked to establish a society in which caste inequalities are absent.

(ii) The contribution of socio-economic changes is worth-mentioning. With economic development, large scale urbanisation, growth of literacy and education, occupational mobility and the weakening position of landlords in the villages, the caste hierarchy is breaking down.

(iii) The Constitution of India has made provisions that prohibit any caste-based discrimination. It has also laid the foundations of policies to reverse the injustices of the caste system. These developments have considerably weakened the caste system in India.

Question 5.
What is communal politics? Describe the idea behind such politics.
Answer:
When beliefs of one religion are presented as superior to those of other religions, when the demands of one religious group are formed in opposition to another and when state power is used to establish domination of one religious group over the rest, this manner of using religion in politics is communal politics.

Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community. Communalism involves thinking along the following lines. The followers of a particular religion must belong to one community. Their fundamental interests are the same.

Any difference that they may have is irrelevant or trivial for community life. It also follows that people who follow different religions cannot belong to the same social community. If the followers of different religions have some commonalities these are superficial and immaterial. Their interests are bound to be different and involve a conflict.

In its extreme form communalism leads to the belief that people belonging to different religions cannot live as equal citizens within one nation. Either, one of them has to dominate the rest or they have to form different nations.

Question 6.
Describe how women in India still face discrimination in various ways.
OR
“Women in India continue to be discriminated leading to their unequal position in the society”. Justify the statement.
Answer:
Ours is a patriarchal society in which women face disadvantage, discrimination and oppression in various ways

(i) The literacy rate among women is only 54 percent compared with 76 percent among men. Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies. The reason is that they drop out because parents prefer to spend their resources for their boys’ education rather than spending equally on their sons and daughters.

(ii) The proportion of women among highly paid and valued jobs is still very small. On an average an Indian woman works one hour more than an average man every day. Yet much of her work is not paid and therefore often not valued.

(iii) In almost all areas of work, women are paid less than men, even when both do exactly the same work.

(iv) Parents’ preference for sons also undermines girls’ existence. In many parts of India parents do not welcome girl child and find ways to have the girl child aborted before she is born. Such sex selective abortion has led to a decline in child sex ratio in the country to merely 914.

(v) Women are not safe even within their own home. They are often beaten and harassed by their husbands and thus become prey to domestic violence.

Question 7.
What are the positive and negative aspects of relationship between caste and politics?
Answer:
Positive aspects
(i) In some situations, expression of caste differences in politics gives many disadvantaged communities the space to demand their share of power. In this sense, caste politics has helped people from Dalits and OBC castes to gain better access to decision making.

(ii) Many political and non-political organisations have been demanding and agitating for an end to discrimination against particular castes, for more dignity and more access to land, resources and opportunities. These efforts have brought many low caste people in the mainstream of the country.

Negative Aspects

• Politics based on caste identity is not healthy in a democracy because it can disturb social harmony.
• It can divert attention from other grave issues like poverty, development and corruption.
• In some cases, caste division leads to tensions, conflict and even violence.

Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions

Question 1.
In what ways does politics influence caste system in India?
Answer:
If caste influences politics, politics too influences caste system and caste identities by bringing them into the political domain. Thus, it is not politics that gets caste-ridden, it is the caste that gets politicised. This takes several forms-
(i) Each caste group tries to become bigger by incorporating within it neighbouring castes or sub-castes which were earlier excluded from it.

(ii) Various caste groups are required to enter into a coalition with other castes or communities and thus enter into a dialogue and negotiation.

(iii) New kinds of caste groups have come up in the political area such as ‘backward’ and ‘forward’ caste groups.

Question 2.
Enlist some problems faced by Indian women which affect their social status.
Answer:
Indian women face several problems which affect their career and social status
(i) Women are considered less important than men every where be it home or public space.

(ii) Although they constitute half of the humanity, their role in public life, especially in politics, is minimal in Indian society.

(iii) They are not given equal opportunities in education and career. They are forced to drop out because their parents do not want to spend much on their education.

(iv) On an average an Indian woman works one hour more than an average man everyday. Yet much of her work is not paid and therefore often not valued.

(v) Women are paid less than men, even when both do exactly the same work.

(vi) Women also face the problem of safety even within the wall of the houses. They are often beaten, harassed and exploited by their husbands.

Question 3.
Mention some measures to eliminate inequalities between men and women. v-
OR
Suggest measures to eliminate inequality of women.
Answer:
The following measures can be taken to eliminate inequality of women-
(i) Education need to be spread among women. For this, government should give more attention to their rights from their childhood.

(ii) Vocational training is also important for them. Such training will empower them in various ways and bring them in the mainstream with men.

(iii) The number of women as elected representatives in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies should be increased. This would be a grand step towards bridging the gap between men and women.

(iv) The government should ensure a safe environment for women so that they may participate in public affairs without any fear or hesitation.

Gender Religion and Caste Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 4 Value-based Questions (VBQs)

Question 1.
Which values are associated with feminist movements?
Answer:
Although women constitute half of the humanity, their role in public life, especially in politics, is very small in most societies. Earlier, only men were allowed to participate in public affairs, vote and contest for public offices. Women duties and responsibilities were restricted to home and hearth only.

Gradually, the gender issue was raised in politics. Women in different parts of the world organised and agitated for equal rights. They got support from men also. All these resulted in the emergence of feminist movements. The following values are associated with such movements-

• Equal rights for women in all spheres of life.
• Extension of voting rights to all women.
• Enhancement in the political and legal status of women.
• Improvement in their educational and career opportunities.
• Equality in personal and family life. However, in broader sense, feminist movements aim at politi¬cal, social and economic equality of all people regardless of gender.

Question 2.
Why did the Constitution makers of India choose the model of a secular state? Which values are associated with Indian secularism?
Answer:
Our Constitution makers wanted to protect all religions equally. We know India is a country where people from all religions live together. There are Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Parsis, etc. Followers of each religion are free to follow their beliefs and worship as they like. The Indian Constitution does not give a special status to any religion. It prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.

But Indian secularism means more than that. It does not protect individual’s religious freedom by maintaining a strict separation from religion as happens in other democratic countries. In fact, our Constitution allows the state to intervene in the matters of religion in order to ensure equality within religious communities.

We can give example of the practice of untouchability. The Indian Constitution bans this practice. In this instance, the State intervened in religion in order to end a social practice that it believes discriminates and excludes and that violates the fundamental rights of the people belonging to lower castes. A Secular Constitution like ours is necessary to combat communalism. Although it is not sufficient, it plays an important role in strengthening Indian democracy.

We have compiled NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 9 Fog with Answers Pdf free download. MCQ Questions for Class 10 English with Answers were prepared according to the latest question paper pattern. Practicing these Fog Class 10 English MCQs Questions with Answers really effective to improve your basics and learn all the key concepts.

MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 9 Fog with Answers

Question 1.
What is the rhyming scheme of poem?
(a) aabb
(b) abab
(c) Free Verse
(d) None of the Above.

Answer

Answer: (c) Free Verse

---

Question 2.
How does the fog move on?
(a) Faster
(b) Making noise
(c) On slowly.
(d) None of the Above.

Answer

Answer: (c) On slowly.

---

Question 3.
What is the fog compared to?
(a) A dog
(b) A cat
(c) A rat
(d) A lion

Answer

Answer: (b) A cat

---

Question 4.
After sitting, the fog ___
(a) Disappears
(b) sits there only
(c) moves on
(d) gets dense

Answer

Answer: (c) moves on

---

Question 5.
The feet of the fog are like __ feet.
(a) cat
(b) lion
(c) tiger
(d) dog

Answer

Answer: (a) cat

---

Question 6.
What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?
(a) ababab
(b) aababa
(c) aabaab
(d) no rhyme scheme

Answer

Answer: (d) no rhyme scheme

---

Question 7.
Where does the fog arrive?
(a) city
(b) harbour
(c) village
(d) both 1 and 2

Answer

Answer: (d) both 1 and 2

---

Question 8.
Name the poet of the poem “Fog”.
(a) Carl Sandburg
(b) Robert Frost
(c) Carolyn Wells
(d) Walt Whitman

Answer

Answer: (a) Carl Sandburg

---

Question 9.
What is the rhyme scheme of the poem ‘Fog’?
(a) aabbccdd
(b) abcd
(c) aabc aabc
(d) no rhyme scheme

Answer

Answer: (d) no rhyme scheme

---

Question 10.
What does the fog do while it looks over the city and the harbour?
(a) sits
(b) moves
(c) stands
(d) dances

Answer

Answer: (a) sits

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We hope the given NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 9 Fog with Answers Pdf free download will definitely yield fruitful results. If you have any queries related to CBSE Class 10 English Poem Fog MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers, drop your questions below and will get back to you in no time.

We have compiled NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 8 The Trees with Answers Pdf free download. MCQ Questions for Class 10 English with Answers were prepared according to the latest question paper pattern. Practicing these The Trees Class 10 English MCQs Questions with Answers really effective to improve your basics and learn all the key concepts.

MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 8 The Trees with Answers

Question 1.
What does the poetess not mentioned in the letters?
(a) The arrival of the forest from the house.
(b) The departure of the forest from the office.
(c) The departure of the forest from the house.
(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) The departure of the forest from the house.

---

Question 2.
What do the roots do all night?
(a) try to free themselves
(b) try to respire
(c) try to appear long
(d) none of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) try to free themselves

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Question 3.
Why can’t birds sit and insects hide in them?
(a) Because they are very tall.
(b) Because they are too much short.
(c) Because they are decorative trees
(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Because they are decorative trees

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Question 4.
Where do the decorative plants grow?
(a) in open areas.
(b) in small pots and pans.
(c) in houses
(d) none of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) in small pots and pans.

---

Question 5.
Name the literary device used in “The moon is broken like a mirror,”
(a) metaphor
(b) simile
(c) alliteration
(d) imagery

Answer

Answer: (b) simile

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Question 6.
What had been empty?
(a) trees
(b) forest
(c) house
(d) World

Answer

Answer: (b) forest

---

Question 7.
What rushes to meet the trees?
(a) wind
(b) light
(c) Sun
(d) Moon

Answer

Answer: (a) wind

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Question 8.
What are the trees compared to?
(a) insects
(b) newly discharged patients
(c) birds
(d) children

Answer

Answer: (b) newly discharged patients

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Question 9.
Name the poet of the poem “The trees”
(a) Adrienne Rich
(b) Robert Frost
(c) Carolyn Wells
(d) Walt Whitman

Answer

Answer: (a) Adrienne Rich

---

Question 10.
By morning, the forest will be full of _____
(a) insects
(b) Sun
(c) trees
(d) birds

Answer

Answer: (c) trees

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We hope the given NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 8 The Trees with Answers Pdf free download will definitely yield fruitful results. If you have any queries related to CBSE Class 10 English Poem The Trees MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers, drop your questions below and will get back to you in no time.

In this page, you can find CBSE Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers Democracy and Diversity Pdf free download, NCERT Extra Questions for Class 10 Social Science will make your practice complete.

Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers Democracy and Diversity

Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 3 Very Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What does Civil Rights Movement in the USA refer to?
Answer:
It refers to reform movements started by Martin Luther King Jr. to abolish legal racial discrimination against African-Americans.

Question 2.
Who were African-Americans?
Answer:
They were the descendants of Africans who were brought into America as slaves between the 17th century and early 19th century. They are termed as Afro-American, Black American or Black.

Question 3.
What was the Black Power Movement?
Answer:
This movement emerged in 1966 and lasted till 1975. It was a more militant anti-racist movement, advocating even violence if necessary to abolish racism in the US.

Question 4.
Who are represented by the term African-America?
Answer:
They were the descendants of Africans who were brought into America as slaves between the 17th century and early 19th century. They are termed as Afro-American, Black American or Black.

Question 5.
Why do you think Peter Norman, who was neither Black nor American, joined in the gesture of protest?
Answer:
He did so to show his support to Smith and Carlos, the two Afro-Americans who stood against racial discrimination.

Question 6.
What did the International Olympic Association do with Smith and Carlos?
Answer:
The International Olympic Association held these two Afro-Americans guilty of violating the Olympic spirit by making a political statement. Their medals were taken back.

Question 7.
What penalty did Peter Norman get for supporting the two Afro-American athletes in their protest against racism?
Answer:
He was not included in the Australian team for the next Olympic.

Question 8.
What did Peter Norman do to show his support to the two Afro-American athletes?
Answer:
He wore a human rights badge on his shirt during the medal ceremony to show his support to the two Afro-Americans.

Question 9.
What did Tommie Smith and John Carlos protest against?
Answer:
They protested against racial discrimination in the USA.

Question 10.
What are social differences based on?
Answer:
Most of the social differences are based on accident of birth. But some of the differences are based on our choices too.

Question 11.
Give an example to show that social differences unite very different people.
Answer:
Carlos and Smith were blacks and thus different from Norman who was white. But they were all athletes who stood against racial discrimination. This example shows that social differences unite very different people.

Question 12.
What do you mean by over-lapping social differences?
Answer:
When one social difference overlaps another difference, it is called over-lapping social difference.

Question 13.
What happens when various political parties start competing in terms of some existing social divisions?
Answer:
When political parties start competing in terms of some existing social divisions, it can make social divisions into political divisions and lead to conflict, violence or even disintegration of a country.

Question 14.
Give an example that lead us to conclude that politics and social divisions must not be allowed to mix.
Answer:
Political competition along religious and ethnic lines led to the disintegration of Yugoslavia into six independent countries. This example shows that a combination of politics and social divisions is not good and so must not be allowed to mix.

Question 15.
How can political expression of social divisions be healthy in a democracy?
Answer:
This allows various disadvantaged and marginal social groups to express their grievances and ask the government to rectify them.

Question 16.
Why do rich and poor people from the same family often not keep close relations with each other?
Answer:
It is because they feel that they are very different and cannot stand together.

Question 17.
What do you mean by social division?
Answer:
By social division we mean division of society on the basis of caste, religion, language, race, sex, etc.

Question 18.
What do you mean by social differences?
Answer:
Social differences refer to the situations where people are discriminated against on the basis of social, economic or racial inequalities.

Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 3 Short Answers Type

Question 1.
What did the African-American athletes do in order to draw international attention to black poverty in the Mexico Olympic in 1968? (Imp)
OR
How did Tommie Smith and John Carlos try to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the United States at the times of Olympics, held at Mexico city in 1968?
Ans.
(i) In the 1968 Olympics held at Mexico city, Tommie Smith and John Carlos won the gold and bronze medals respectively in the 200 metres race. When the medal ceremony was organised these two Afro-American athletes stood on the dice with clenched fists upraised and heads bowed, while the American national anthem was played.

(ii) They received their medals wearing black socks and no shoes to represent Black poverty. With this gesture, they tried to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the United States.

(iii) The black-gloved and raised clenched fists were meant to symbolise Black power.

Question 2.
Explain how social differences divide similar people from one another but also unite very different people. Give examples. (Imp)
Answer:
(i) People belonging to different social groups share differences and similarities cutting across the boundaries of their groups.

(ii) Both Carlos and Smith were similar in one way— both were African-American and were facing racial discrimination in the United States. Thus, they were different from Norman because he was a white.

(iii) But they were also similar in other ways— they were all athletes who stood unitedly against racial discrimination.

Question 3.
What are the origins of social differences? Describe in brief.
OR
What are the two bases of social differences? Explain them with examples.
Answer:
(i) Social differences are mostly based on accident of birth. Normally we don’t choose to belong to our community. We belong to it simply because we were born into it. We all experience social differences based on accident of birth in our everyday lives. People around us are male or female, they are tall and short, have different physical abilities or disabilities.

(ii) Some of the social differences are based on our choices. For example, some people are atheists. They don’t believe in God or any religion. Some people choose to follow a religion other than the one in which they were born. Most of us choose what to study, which occupation to take up and which game to take part in. All these lead to formation of social groups that are based on our choices.

Question 4.
‘The assertion of social diversities in a country need not be seen as a source of danger’? Support the statement with valid arguments.
Answer:
(i) In a democracy, political expression of social divisions is very normal and can be healthy. This allows various disadvantaged and marginal social groups to express their grievances and ask the government to rectify them.

(ii) Expression of various kinds of social divisions in politics often results in their cancelling one an¬other out and thus reducing their intensity. This leads to strengthening of a democracy.

(iii) People who feel marginalised and discriminated often fight against the injustices. Such a fight often takes the democratic path, voicing their demands in a peaceful and constitutional manner and seeking a fair position through elections. The democratic system in our country tries to accommodate social divisions by reserving seats in various levels of governments for the socially underprivileged people.

Question 5.
Social divisions of one kind or another exist in most countries. Explain. (Imp)
Answer:
(i) Social divisions of one kind or another exist in most countries of the world. It does not matter whether the country is small or big. India is a vast country with many communities. Belgium is a small country with many communities.

(ii) Even those countries such as Germany and Sweden, that were once highly homogeneous, are undergoing rapid change with influx of people from other parts of the world. Migrants bring with them their own culture and tend to form a different social community. Thus, we can say that most countries of the world are multi-cultural in this age of globalisation.

Question 6.
‘All kinds of social differences are not based on accident of birth’. Explain with examples.
OR
‘Some social differences are based on our choices’. Explain with examples.
Answer:
(i) Social differences are mostly based on accident of birth. Normally we don’t choose to belong to our community. We belong to it simply because we were born into it. We all experience social differences based on accident of birth in our everyday lives. People around us are male or female, they are tall and short, have different physical abilities or disabilities.

(ii) Some of the social differences are based on our choices. For example, some people are atheists. They don’t believe in God or any religion. Some people choose to follow a religion other than the one in which they were born. Most of us choose what to study, which occupation to take up and which game to take part in. All these lead to formation of social groups that are based on our choices.

Question 7.
What penalty was imposed on Carlos, Smith and Norman for their action at the 1968 Mexico Olympics? How did the San Jose State University, of which Carlos and Smith were former students, honour them?
Answer:
(i) The International Olympic Association held Carlos and Smith guilty of violating the Olympic spirit by making a political statement. Their medals were therefore taken back.

(ii) When they came back home, they were subjected to a lot of criticism. Norman too suffered for his action. He was not included in the Australian team for the next Olympic.

(iii) The San Jose State University recently honoured them for their brave action and installed their statue in the University campus.

Question 8.
Enlist three features of Civil Rights Movement that took place in the USA during 1954-1968?
OR
Explain the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.
Answer:
(i) The Civil Rights Movement in the US refers to a set of events and reform movements aimed at abolishing legal racial discrimination against African-Americans, also called blacks.

(ii) This movement was led by Martin Luther King Jr., an American Baptist Minister, activist and humanitarian. He led this movement using non-violent methods of civil disobedience against racially discriminatory laws and practices.

(iii) The movement broke the pattern of public facilities being segregated by race in the Southern US and achieved the most important breakthrough in equal-rights legislation for African-Americans.

Question 9.
What happened in the Olympic Games of 1968?
Answer:
(i) In the 1968 Olympics held at Mexico city, Tommie Smith and John Carlos won the gold and bronze medals respectively in the 200 metres race. When the medal ceremony was organised these two Afro-American athletes stood on the dice with clenched fists upraised and heads bowed, while the American national anthem was played.

(ii) They received their medals wearing black socks and no shoes to represent Black poverty. With this gesture, they tried to draw international attention to racial discrimination in the United States.

(iii) The black-gloved and raised clenched fists were meant to symbolise Black power.

Question 10.
‘Every expression of social divisions in politics does not lead to disasters’. Support the statement with three valid arguments.
Answer:
(i) Social divisions of one kind or another exist in most countries. Wherever they exist, these divisions are reflected in politics. In a democracy political parties talk about these divisions, make different promises to different communities, look after due representation of various communities and make policies to redress the grievances of the disadvantaged communities.

(ii) Social divisions affect voting in most countries. People from one community tend to prefer some party more than others.

(iii) In many countries there are parties that focus only on one community.
The instances given above clearly show that expression of social divisions in politics does not lead to disasters nor does it lead to disintegration of the country.

Question 11.
What is the main difference between the Civil Rights Movement and the Black Power Movement?
Answer:
The Civil Rights Movement practised non-violent methods of civil disobedience against racially discriminatory laws and practices in the US. On the other hand, the Black Power Movement was a more militant anti-racist movement, advocating even violence if necessary to end racism in the US.

Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 3 Long Answers Type

Question 1.
Explain overlapping and cross-cutting social differences. (Imp)
Answer:
Overlapping social differences

Social division takes place when some social differences overlap with other differences. The difference between the blacks and whites becomes a social division in the US because the Black are poor and Whites are rich. In our country Dalits tend to be poor and landless while some other communities are well-off. Situation of this kind creates social divisions, when one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other and people start feeling that they belong to different communities. This situation can lead to disintegration of the country.
In Northern Ireland, class and religion overlap with each other. Catholics are poor while Protestants are wealthy there. This results in conflicts and tensions.

Cross-cutting social differences

By cross-cutting social differences we mean that groups that share a common interest on one issue are likely to be in different sides on a different issue. In the Netherlands, class and religion tend to cut across each other. Here both Catholics and Protestants are about equally likely to be poor or rich. This results in a mutual coordination between the two groups which ultimately strengthens the basic foundation of the country.

Question 2.
How does social division take place? Explain with example.
Answer:
Overlapping social differences

Social division takes place when some social differences overlap with other differences. The difference between the blacks and whites becomes a social division in the US because the Black are poor and Whites are rich. In our country Dalits tend to be poor and landless while some other communities are well-off. Situation of this kind creates social divisions, when one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other and people start feeling that they belong to different communities. This situation can lead to disintegration of the country. In Northern Ireland, class and religion overlap with each other. Catholics are poor while Protestants are wealthy there. This results in conflicts and tensions.

Cross-cutting social differences

By cross-cutting social differences we mean that groups that share a common interest on one issue are likely to be in different sides on a different issue. In the Netherlands, class and religion tend to cut across each other. Here both Catholics and Protestants are about equally likely to be poor or rich. This results in a mutual coordination between the two groups which ultimately strengthens the basic foundation of the country.

Question 3.
Why do some people think that politics and social divisions must not be allowed to mix? Explain giving reference to Northern Ireland and Yugoslavia.
OR
Explain with reference to Northern Ireland the ways in which social divisions have resulted in violent and bitter ethnopolitical conflict.
OR
The combination of politics and social divisions is very dangerous and explosive. Explain highlighting the case of Northern Ireland.
Answer:
(i) Northern Ireland of the United Kingdom has been for many years the site of a violent and bitter ethnopolitical conflict. Its population is divided into two major seats of Christianity – 53 percent are Protestants, while 44 percent are Roman Catholics.

(ii) The Catholics were represented by Nationalist parties who demanded that Northern Ireland be unified with the Republic of Ireland, a predominantly Catholic country. The Protestants were represented by Unionists who wanted to remain with the UK, a predominantly Protestant country.

(iii) The conflict between the two sects became bitter when Unionists and Nationalists started fighting. Hundreds of civilians, militants and security forces were killed in this fight. There was also fight between the security forces of the UK and the Nationalists.

(iv) In 1998, the UK government and the Nationalists reached a peace treaty after which the latter suspended their struggle.

(v) In Yugoslavia, political competition along religious and ethnic lines led to the disintegration of the country into six independent countries. These are the reasons why some people think that politics and social divisions must not be allowed to mix.

Question 4.
Explain the reasons of social differences.
OR
What are the factors that create social differences in society?
Answer:
There are several reasons of social differences:
(i) Differences based on accident of birth:
Social differences are mostly based on accident of birth. Normally we don’t choose to belong to our community. We belong to it simply because we were born into it. We all experience social differences based on accident of birth in our everyday lives. People around us are male or female, they are tall and short, have different physical abilities or disabilities.

(ii) Differences based on choice:
Some of the social differences are based on our choices. For example, some people are atheists. They don’t believe in God or any religion. Some people choose to follow a religion other than the one in which they were born. Most of us choose what to study, which occupation to take up and which game to take part in. All these lead to formation of social groups that are based on our choices.

(iii) Differences based on religion: It is fairly common for people belonging to the same religion to feel that they do not belong to the same community, because their caste or sect is very different. It is also possible for people from different religions to have the same caste and feel close to each other.

(iv) Differences based on economic states: We see a wide gap between the rich and the poor. The affluent class of the society leads a very luxurious life while the poor are destined to lead a tough life in spite of doing hard work. Such a situation creates social divisions. We often see that rich and poor persons from the same family often do not keep close relations with each other for they feel they are very different.

(v) Differences based on caste and colour: History shows that people are often differentiated due to their caste and colour. In the US, the Blacks tend to be poor, homeless and discriminated against. On the other hand, the Whites are well-off and lead a life of comforts. In India, Dalits tend to be poor and landless while the upper caste people are mostly rich and affluent.

Question 5.
Three factors are crucial in deciding the outcome of politics of social divisions. Explain. (Imp)
Answer:
Overlapping social differences

Social division takes place when some social differences overlap with other differences. The difference between the blacks and whites becomes a social division in the US because the Black are poor and Whites are rich. In our country Dalits tend to be poor and landless while some other communities are well-off. Situation of this kind creates social divisions, when one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other and people start feeling that they belong to different communities. This situation can lead to disintegration of the country. In Northern Ireland, class and religion overlap with each other. Catholics are poor while Protestants are wealthy there. This results in conflicts and tensions.

Cross-cutting social differences

By cross-cutting social differences we mean that groups that share a common interest on one issue are likely to be in different sides on a different issue. In the Netherlands, class and religion tend to cut across each other. Here both Catholics and Protestants are about equally likely to be poor or rich. This results in a mutual coordination between the two groups which ultimately strengthens the basic foundation of the country.

Question 6.
Overlapping social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. Cross-cutting social differences are easier to accommodate. Support by giving reference to Northern Ireland and the Netherlands.
Answer:
Overlapping social differences

Social division takes place when some social differences overlap with other differences. The difference between the blacks and whites becomes a social division in the US because the Black are poor and Whites are rich. In our country Dalits tend to be poor and landless while some other communities are well-off. Situation of this kind creates social divisions, when one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other and people start feeling that they belong to different communities. This situation can lead to disintegration of the country. In Northern Ireland, class and religion overlap with each other. Catholics are poor while Protestants are wealthy there. This results in conflicts and tensions.

Cross-cutting social differences

By cross-cutting social differences we mean that groups that share a common interest on one issue are likely to be in different sides on a different issue. In the Netherlands, class and religion tend to cut across each other. Here both Catholics and Protestants are about equally likely to be poor or rich. This results in a mutual coordination between the two groups which ultimately strengthens the basic foundation of the country.

Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 3 Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions

Question 1.
How did the religious differences create social division in Northern Ireland and failed to do the same in the Netherlands?
Answer:
Both Northern Ireland and the Netherlands are predominantly Christians but divided between Catholics and Protestants.

• In Northern Ireland, class and religion overlap with each other. Catholics are poor and discriminated against. But Protestants are wealthy people. This leads to conflicts and tension.
• In the Netherlands, class and religion tend to cut across each other. Both Catholics and Protestants are about equally likely to be poor or rich. As a result, peace and coordination prevail there.
• The result is that Catholics and Protestants have had conflicts in Northern Ireland while they do not do so in the Netherlands.

Question 2.
Distinguish between overlapping and cross-cutting social differences.
Answer:
Overlapping social differences differ from cross-cutting social differences in the following ways-

Overlapping Differences	Cross-cutting Differences
(i) Overlapping social differences create possibilities of social divisions and tensions.	(i) Cross-cutting social differences are easier to accommodate.
(ii) In overlapping social differences, one kind of social difference becomes more important than the other and the people start feeling that they belong to different communities.	(ii) In cross-cutting social differences, groups that share a common interest on one issue are likely to be in different sides on a different issue.
(iii) In Northern Ireland, Catholics and Protestants have had conflicts because the former is poor and the latter is rich.	(iii) In the Netherlands, there are no such conflicts because both Catholics and Protestants are about equally likely to be poor or rich.

Democracy and Diversity Class 10 Extra Questions and Answer Civics Chapter 3 Value-based Questions (VBQs)

Question 1.
Tommie Smith and John Carlos, the two Afro-American athletes stood against racial discrimination. Peter Norman, who was neither Black nor American, supported their cause by joining in the gesture of protest. What values do the three people promote by their action?
Answer:
Their action promotes human values. Smith and Carlos were blacks and had suffered a history of discrimination. They were differentiated on the basis of their colour. They were forced to live a life of miseries. When they got a suitable opportunity, they resisted the practice of racial discrimination in the US.

They wanted equal treatment, respect and equal opportunities for all human beings irrespective of their caste, creed, colour or race. They wanted to live a life of decency and self-respect. These are high human values which are essential for all. So far Norman Peter is concerned, he supported their cause to show that he was against racism and preferred a society where equality existed.

We have compiled NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 7 Animals with Answers Pdf free download. MCQ Questions for Class 10 English with Answers were prepared according to the latest question paper pattern. Practicing these Animals Class 10 English MCQs Questions with Answers really effective to improve your basics and learn all the key concepts.

MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 7 Animals with Answers

Question 1.
What is the attitude of human about those who lived thousands of years ago?
(a) They kneel
(b) They stand
(c) They fly
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (a) They kneel

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Question 2.
What do the men make the poet sick for?
(a) discussing their duty to God.
(b) discussing their wealth
(c) discussing their health.
(d) none of the Above

Answer

Answer: (a) discussing their duty to God.

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Question 3.
What mania do human beings suffer from?
(a) Dragons
(b) Animals
(c) Dinosaurs
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (b) Animals

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Question 4.
What is the attitude of the animals toward their sins?
(a) They do not weep
(b) They feel sad
(c) They keep calm
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (a) They do not weep

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Question 5.
How do the animals appear to the poet?
(a) confused and peaceful
(b) calm, peaceful and self-confident
(c) confused and sad
(d) none of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) calm, peaceful and self-confident

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Question 6.
Name the literary device used in “They bring me tokens of myself”
(a) Anaphora
(b) Assonance
(c) Metaphor
(d) Alliteration

Answer

Answer: (c) Metaphor

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Question 7.
Who is not dissatisfied always?
(a) humans
(b) animals
(c) poet
(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) animals

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Question 8.
Name the literary device used in the line “I think I could turn and live with animals”
(a) Similie
(b) Assonance
(c) Metaphor
(d) Alliteration

Answer

Answer: (b) Assonance

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Question 9.
What do humans do that animals don’t?
(a) greed
(b) jealous
(c) restless
(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above

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Question 10.
Who is the poet of the poem “Animals”?
(a) Leslie Norris
(b) Robert Frost
(c) Carolyn Wells
(d) Walt Whitman

Answer

Answer: (d) Walt Whitman

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MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 6 Amanda with Answers

Question 1.
Who was Amanda?
(a) A college going girl.
(b) A school going girl.
(c) A factory worker.
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (b) A school going girl.

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Question 2.
How is silence described?
(a) Golden
(b) Silver
(c) Platinum
(d) Love

Answer

Answer: (a) Golden

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Question 3.
What does Amanda wish to do in the sea?
(a) catch the fishes
(b) hunt various animals
(c) watch soft-moving waves
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (c) watch soft-moving waves

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Question 4.
How should Amanda sit?
(a) Long Sit
(b) Side Sit
(c) Straight
(d) Ring Sit

Answer

Answer: (c) Straight

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Question 5.
What was Amanda to finish?
(a) her homework
(b) her hair
(c) her bath
(d) catch the fishes

Answer

Answer: (a) her homework

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Question 6.
What does she picure herself as in the last stanza?
(a) Mermaid
(b) Orphan
(c) Rapunzel
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (d) None of the Above

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Question 7.
Name the literary device used in the line “freedom is sweet”
(a) Anaphora
(b) Enjambment
(c) Metaphor
(d) Alliteration

Answer

Answer: (c) Metaphor

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Question 8.
Name the literary device used in the line “Don’t bite your nails, Amanda! Don’t hunch your shoulders, Amanda!”
(a) Anaphora
(b) Enjambment
(c) Metaphor
(d) Alliteration

Answer

Answer: (a) Anaphora

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Question 9.
What could Amanda do if she were a mermaid?
(a) be in the green sea
(b) lead a relaxing life
(c) All of the above
(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) All of the above

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Question 10.
Who is the poet of the poem “Amanda”?
(a) Leslie Norris
(b) Robert Frost
(c) Carolyn Wells
(d) Robin Klein

Answer

Answer: (d) Robin Klein

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MCQ Questions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem 4 How to Tell Wild Animals with Answers

Question 1.
How is the leopard’s skin?
(a) has stripes on his skin.
(b) has holes on his skin.
(c) has spots on his skin.
(d) none of the above.

Answer

Answer: (c) has spots on his skin.

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Question 2.
Where is the Chameleon generally found?
(a) In the Garden
(b) In the trees.
(c) In the sky.
(d) In the land.

Answer

Answer: (b) In the trees.

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Question 3.
What is the special feature of the Hyena?
(a) Merry smiles.
(b) Sadness
(c) Hapiness
(d) None of the above.

Answer

Answer: (a) Merry smiles.

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Question 4.
What is the special feature of the Bengal Tiger?
(a) white stripes on his yellow body.
(b) black stripes on his white body.
(c) red stripes on his yellow body.
(d) black stripes on his yellow body.

Answer

Answer: (d) black stripes on his yellow body.

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Question 5.
How does a leopard behave when he meets a person?
(a) he run towards the person..
(b) he jumps on him at once.
(c) he try to frighten the person.
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (b) he jumps on him at once.

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Question 6.
What is the difference between a chameleon and a lizard?
(a) Chameleon doesn’t have ears and wings
(b) Lizards don’t have ears and wings
(c) Lizards don’t have wings
(d) Chameleons doesn’t have wings

Answer

Answer: (a) Chameleon doesn’t have ears and wings

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Question 7.
Who cries while catching their prey?
(a) Hyena
(b) Crocodile
(c) Both of them
(d) None of them

Answer

Answer: (b) Crocodile

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Question 8.
How does a bear kill you?
(a) By hugging you hard
(b) with its roar
(c) by taking a leap on you
(d) None of the Above

Answer

Answer: (a) By hugging you hard

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Question 9.
Which animal is she referring to when she says, “A noble wild beast greets you”?
(a) Asian Lion
(b) Bengal Tiger
(c) Leopard
(d) Bear

Answer

Answer: (b) Bengal Tiger

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Question 10.
Which animal would you find in the jungles of the east?
(a) Asian Lion
(b) Bengal Tiger
(c) Leopard
(d) Bear

Answer

Answer: (a) Asian Lionin a zoo, tiger in a forest

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